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????為了評估在中國外資企業(yè)目前的看法和對未來的展望，《財富》(中文版)於 2001 年 1 月向 3,000 名外資企業(yè)的高級行政人員寄出調(diào)查問卷，這些人都是《財富》(中文版)的讀者。寄出的調(diào)查問卷沒有附帶任何贈品，但提供了一個貼上郵票的回郵信封。

????接受調(diào)查的 3,000 名經(jīng)理人員分布在中國 29 個省市，其中將近 55% 在北京、上海和廣州，80% 以上在上述三個城市以及江蘇省、福建省、天津市、浙江省和山東省。

????一共有 762 人回答了調(diào)查問卷，即占 25.4%。

????In an effort to assess the current attitudes and outlook of foreign investors in China, FORTUNE China mailed survey forms in January 2001 to 3,000 senior managers in foreign invested enterprises, all of whom are readers of FORTUNE China.

????Surveys were mailed without an incentive, although a stamped self-addressed envelope was provided.

????The 3,000 managers surveyed are based in 29 different provinces and municipalities in China, although nearly 55% are based in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou; and more than 80% are based in these three cities plus Jiangsu, Fujian, Tianjin, Zhejiang, and Shandong. The response rate to the survey was 25.4%, or a total of 762 responses.

????在中國的外資企業(yè)問卷調(diào)查表

????Attitudes of Foreign Invested Enterprises in China

????應(yīng)答者的背景：所在行業(yè)和在華經(jīng)營時問

????Background of Respondents: Industry Sector and Length of Time in China

????一半以上的應(yīng)答者主要從事制造業(yè)

????62% 的應(yīng)答者在外資項目性質(zhì)一欄把“制造業(yè)”列為其主要業(yè)務(wù)，20% 為“服務(wù)業(yè)”，7% 為“多元化行業(yè)”，10% 為“其他行業(yè)”。

????Primary Nature of Business

????More than half of respondents are primarily in manufacturing industries. Some 62% of respondents' foreign investment projects state "manufacturing" as their primary business, with 20% listing "services", 7% as "diversified" and 10% as "other."

????在中國建立業(yè)務(wù)時間

????應(yīng)答者的企業(yè)一般在中國市場建立業(yè)務(wù)已有一段時間，而不是最近才進入中國市場，95% 在中國經(jīng)營已有三年以上的歷史。只有 5% 是在最近一至三年內(nèi)建立起業(yè)務(wù)。相比之下，有 46% 的企業(yè)在 5 年至 10 年前已成立，32% 超過 10 年。

????Direct Presence in China First Established

????Respondents are generally well established in the China market rather than newcomers, with 95% present for 3 or more years. Only 5% reported that their direct presence was first established within the past 1-3 years. By contrast, 46% reported their direct presence was first established 5-10 years ago, and 32% more than 10 years ago.

????對經(jīng)營環(huán)境的展望： 對中期表示樂觀

????Outlook on Business Environment: Medium-term Optimism

????應(yīng)答者對短期的經(jīng)營環(huán)境表示不樂觀，但對中期到長期則表示樂觀。

????Respondents expressed negative views about the short-term business environment, shifting to a more optimistic view in the medium to long term.

????對 2001 年經(jīng)營環(huán)境的展望

????6% 對 2001 年經(jīng)營環(huán)境的展望是“差”，57% 認(rèn)為“尚好”；27% 認(rèn)為“好”或“極好”。

????How Business Environment in 2001 is Viewed

????6% said the outlook for 2001 was "poor", 57% said "fair"; with only 27% reporting "good" or "excellent".

????對2001-2004 年經(jīng)營環(huán)境的展望

????對中期（即 2001-2004 年）經(jīng)營環(huán)境的展望，63% 的回答是“好”或“極好”；27% 認(rèn)為“尚好”，只有 1% 認(rèn)為“差”。

????How Business Environment in 2001-2004 is Viewed

????For the medium term, 2001-2004, 63% said the outlook was either "good" or "excellent", 27% reporting "fair" and only 1% "poor".

????對 2001-2006 年經(jīng)營環(huán)境的展望

????應(yīng)答者對 2001-2006 年的五年展望比較正面。67% 的回答是“好”或“極好”；17% 認(rèn)為“尚好”，只有 1% 認(rèn)為“差”。

????How Business Environment in 2001-2006 is Viewed

????The five-year outlook from 2001-2006 is more positive, with 67% reporting "good" or "excellent"; 17% reporting "fair" and only 1%

????中國設(shè)立業(yè)務(wù)總部的地點

????China Operations Headquarters Locations

????61% 應(yīng)答者在中國的業(yè)務(wù)總部設(shè)在北京、上海和廣州；其中上海領(lǐng)先，占 29%，北京為第二位，占 27%。

????Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou were listed as the headquarters for China operations of some 61% of respondents, with Shanghai the leader at 29%, and Beijing in second place at 27%.

????員工數(shù)目：不斷增加

????Staffing Levels: Increasing

????超過一半（60%）的應(yīng)答者表示其企業(yè)將會增加雇員數(shù)目，

????32% 表示“保持不變”。只有 7% 預(yù)計會減少。

????Over half (60%) of respondents stated the likelihood that their staffing levels will increase, with 32% saying they are likely to remain the same. Only 7% forecast a decrease.

????營業(yè)環(huán)境中最今人不滿的因素：貪污、規(guī)章制度、環(huán)境

????Most Unsatisfactory Elements of Business Environment:

????Corruption, Regulations, Environment

????對于中國營業(yè)環(huán)境中最令人不滿的因素，應(yīng)答者列于最前面的三項是：貪污、規(guī)章制度和環(huán)境衛(wèi)生。

????相比之下，人工成本、生活質(zhì)素和總體營業(yè)成本列為最令人滿意的營業(yè)環(huán)境因素。

????Corruption, environmental conditions, and the regulatory environment topped the list of respondents' feedback on the most unsatisfactory aspects of the business environment in China, out of a list of 12 items (see charts).

????By contrast, labor costs, quality of life, and overall cost topped the list of the most satisfactory elements of the business environment.

????注：由於部分應(yīng)答者不回答此問題，總數(shù)加起來不等於 100%。

????Note: Individual business environment elements do not add up to 100%

????due to some repondents' lack of response

????發(fā)展業(yè)務(wù)的制約因素

????Biggest Constraints to Growth

????外資企業(yè)認(rèn)為發(fā)展業(yè)務(wù)的制約因素中最嚴(yán)重的是人力資源問題，19% 經(jīng)營者表示這是最重要的制約因素。

????其他問題依次為：法例的透明度和一致性、市場準(zhǔn)入問題、稅務(wù)、銷售問題、知識產(chǎn)權(quán)問題和外匯問題。

????Human resources issues topped the list of challenges identified as the biggest constraints to growth among foreign investor respondents, with 18% reporting it as the biggest single constraint.

????Next in line, in order, came: transparency and consistency of regulations, market access issues, taxation, distribution problems, intellectual property rights and foreign exchange issues.

????盈利情況：業(yè)績與展望

????Profitability: Track Record and Outlook

????過去 3-5 年的公司業(yè)績

????58% 應(yīng)答者認(rèn)為過去 3-5 年的公司業(yè)績是“盈利合理”或“盈利十分可觀”。26% 回答“收支平衡”，15% 回答“虧損”或“嚴(yán)重虧損”。

????Company's Track Record over Past 3-5 Years

????Reporting on the past 3-5 years, 58% of respondents said their business had been "reasonably profitable" or "very profitable". Another 26% said they had been "break-even" and 15% reported "unprofitable" or "very unprofitable".

????對 3-4 年后的展望

????對 3-4 年后的展望，78% 認(rèn)為其業(yè)績會“盈利合理”或“盈利十分可觀”。19% 預(yù)計其業(yè)績“收支平衡”，預(yù)期“虧損”或“嚴(yán)重虧損”的比率下降到 2%。

????3-4 Year Outlook

????Looking ahead 3-4 years, 78% expect their business to be "reasonably profitable" or "very profitable". Those expecting "break-even" results numbered 19%, with those expecting "unprofitable" or "very unprofitable" dropping to 2%.

????設(shè)立辦事處的地點：分布全國各處

????Office Locations: Diverse

????上海是應(yīng)答者設(shè)立辦事處最多的地點（占 58%），其次為北京（54%），廣州（37%）和廣東省其他地點（31%）。

????最少有 13 個其他地點有 15% 以上的應(yīng)答者公司設(shè)立辦事處（見下圖）。

????Shanghai leads the list of office locations with 58% of respondents reporting an office there, followed by Beijing with 54%, Guangzhou with 37% and Guangdong (other than Guangzhou) with 31%.

????At least 13 other locations were reported to have offices by 15% or more of respondents (see chart).

????增加投資的計劃：相當(dāng)樂觀

????Additional Investment Plans: Fairly Bullish

????65% 的應(yīng)答者表示“很可能會”或“肯定會”在未來 1-3 年內(nèi)增加在中國的投資，另外 32% 表示“大概不會”在這段時間內(nèi)增加投資。

????Respondents totalling 65% stated they will "probably" or "definitely" make additional investments within the 1-3 year time frame, with another 32% stating that they probably would not make additional investments in this time frame.

????在香港設(shè)立辦事處

????Hong Kong Presence

????大約一半應(yīng)答者（53%）在香港設(shè)有辦事處，其中 25% 認(rèn)為未來 1-3 年香港辦事處的重要性會減少。另外 8% 認(rèn)為香港辦事處的重要性會加強；38% 認(rèn)為香港辦事處的重要性會保持不變。

????About half of respondents (53%) said they have an office in Hong Kong. Of these, 25% expressed the view that their Hong Kong office would be less important during the next 1-3 years. Another 8% felt it would become more important; and 38% felt it would remain about the same in importance.