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????親愛的安妮：到底什么是申請人跟蹤系統(tǒng)？我申請過幾份工作，個人條件完全符合職位要求，但迄今為止，我卻只等到了一次面試電話。一位同事告訴我說，他在哪讀過，計算機化的申請人跟蹤系統(tǒng)會在人工篩選之前就剔除掉大多數(shù)簡歷。這是真的嗎？如果是真的，求職者應(yīng)該怎樣做，才能通過網(wǎng)申這一關(guān)，讓簡歷最終到達(dá)相關(guān)人員手中？——L.H.H.

????親愛的L.H.H.：顧名思義，申請人跟蹤系統(tǒng)（ATS），是許多大公司用來跟蹤不斷投遞進來的成千上萬份簡歷的一種方式。申請人跟蹤系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計目的是從申請開始，在招聘過程的各個階段跟蹤每一位求職者，而該系統(tǒng)首先會通過軟件“閱讀”每一份簡歷，淘汰不匹配具體職位要求的簡歷。

????不幸的是，這套系統(tǒng)遠(yuǎn)沒有聽起來那么高效。你的朋友所引用的75%的淘汰率，可能來自求職服務(wù)公司Preptel進行的一項調(diào)查（該公司創(chuàng)始人兼CEO喬恩?希安比曾供職于申請人跟蹤系統(tǒng)制造商SumTotal Systems公司）。

????如此高的淘汰率，原因是在招聘經(jīng)理看到簡歷之前，軟件進行簡歷篩選時的一些怪癖。你使用了所有正確的關(guān)鍵字，可能是最適合某個崗位的人選，但結(jié)果仍可能被該系統(tǒng)淘汰出局，因為它無法辨認(rèn)部分簡歷內(nèi)容——例如工作經(jīng)驗。

????如何避免被系統(tǒng)淘汰？Preptel公司提供了四條建議：

????? 如果你有豐富的工作經(jīng)驗，可以延長簡歷的篇幅，不必拘泥于一頁的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。ATS軟件會對簡歷進行掃描，不會考慮簡歷的長度。例如，3頁的文件使你可以在其中包含更多相關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞和短語，這將有助于提高你在系統(tǒng)中的排名。

????? 使用常用標(biāo)題（如“工作經(jīng)驗”）。如果使用不太常用的標(biāo)題，例如“職業(yè)成就”，可能意味著這部分根本不會出現(xiàn)在軟件創(chuàng)建的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版簡歷當(dāng)中。同樣，在提到過去（或現(xiàn)在）的工作時，不要以入職日期開頭。系統(tǒng)會檢索公司名稱，因此要將名稱放在日期前面。

????? 簡歷中不要包含表格或圖片，因為大多數(shù)跟蹤系統(tǒng)無法讀取這些格式。也不要使用斜體字，雖然粗體字通常是可以接受的，但最好使用清楚易讀的字體。Preptel建議使用Arial、Tahoma、Calibri、Georgia、Impact、Courier、Lucinda或Palatino等字體。

????? 永遠(yuǎn)不要發(fā)送PDF格式的簡歷。由于許多系統(tǒng)缺乏分析PDF結(jié)構(gòu)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)方法，因此它們往往會斷章取義。粘貼到電子郵件正文中的簡歷，同樣面臨該類問題。隨著ATS軟件變得更加先進，這些限制終將消失。例如，大多數(shù)系統(tǒng)在讀取Word文檔方面，已經(jīng)比之前有很大改善，所以Preptel建議，以Word附件的形式上傳簡歷。

????Dear Annie: What exactly is an applicant tracking system? I’ve applied for several job openings where my qualifications match the job descriptions for each position precisely, yet I’ve gotten called in for an interview only once (so far). A colleague at my current job told me he read somewhere that computerized applicant tracking systems reject most resumes before a human being even gets involved in the process. Is that true? If it is, how do you get past that and reach an actual person? — Left Hanging in Houston

????Dear L.H.H.: An applicant tracking system (ATS), as the name implies, is how many big companies keep track of the hundreds or thousands of resumes that are constantly coming in. Designed to follow each candidate through each stage of the hiring process, from application to start date, the systems usually begin with computer software that “reads” each resume and weeds out the ones that don’t match up with specific job openings.

????Unfortunately, that’s usually a lot less efficient than it sounds. That 75% rejection rate your friend cited probably came from a study by a job search services firm called Preptel (which was founded by its CEO Jon Ciampi, an alumnus of ATS maker SumTotal Systems).

????The huge number of rejections is due to some, shall we say, quirks in the software that screens resumes before they arrive on a hiring manager’s desk. You could be the perfect prospect for a given job, using all the right keywords, and still be kicked aside by the system because it couldn’t quite make out parts of your resume — like work experience, for instance.

????Here are four ways that Preptel suggests to avoid:

????? Go ahead and make your resume longer than the standard one page, if you have lots of experience. ATS software will scan it no matter how long it is. A 3-page document, for instance, may allow you to include more relevant keywords and phrases, which could move up your ranking in the system.

????? Call your work experience “Work Experience.” Using less common headings, like “Professional Accomplishments,” may mean that section doesn’t appear at all in the formatted version of your resume created by the software. Likewise, never start each mention of a past (or current) job with dates of employment. The system looks for company names, so put them first, then the dates.

????? Don’t include tables or graphics, because most tracking systems can’t read them. Likewise, don’t use italics, although boldface type is usually fine, and stick with clear, easy-to-read typefaces. Preptel recommends Arial, Tahoma, Calibri, Georgia, Impact, Courier, Lucinda or Palatino.

????? Never send a resume as a PDF. Since many systems lack a standard way to structure them, they’re often garbled. The same is true of resumes that are pasted into the body of an email. As ATS software gets more sophisticated, some of these limitations will go away. Most systems are already much better at reading Word documents than they used to be, for example, so Preptel now recommends uploading your resume as a Word attachment.