私募機構(gòu)創(chuàng)造就業(yè)的“腰果”案例
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????私募股權(quán)投資公司到底創(chuàng)不創(chuàng)造新的就業(yè)機會？人們對這個問題已經(jīng)進行過很多的討論。因此，現(xiàn)在我們非常有必要強調(diào)一個實例，即就業(yè)機會不僅無可爭議地創(chuàng)造出來，而且新招聘的員工是貧困的農(nóng)民。而且，參與其中的私募股權(quán)投資公司投入的是時間、而不是金錢。 ????下面就是這個“腰果”故事的簡要情況： ????去年10月，KKR集團開辦了新加坡辦事處。不久之后，該集團亞太公共事務(wù)總監(jiān)史蒂夫?奧肯開始尋求跟一家本地機構(gòu)進行合作，以開展一項企業(yè)社會責任行動。于是，他開始跟亞洲社會效應(yīng)投資交易所（Impact Investment Exchange Asia，以下簡稱IIX）磋商，后者是一家通過投資專注于社會部門發(fā)展的機構(gòu)。不過，IIX拒絕了奧肯，稱自己曾吃過投資銀行的虧，因為它們啟動了項目，結(jié)果等到出現(xiàn)了大型的新銀行交易項目就半途而廢了（IIX知道大型銀行交易對投行意味著什么，因為它的創(chuàng)始人本身就曾經(jīng)是投資銀行家）。 ????奧肯沒有放棄，同時承諾KKR的參與將是來自不同辦事處的成員（新加坡和澳大利亞），而且將利用夜晚和周末時間進行（只要IIX也愿意）。 ????不久，兩家機構(gòu)選定了一個項目：東巴厘島腰果加工廠（East Bali Cashews），也是巴厘島第一家大型腰果加工廠。這家工廠以使用環(huán)保加工工藝而著稱，還從波恩的貧困農(nóng)村地區(qū)雇傭了130名左右的員工。 ????東巴厘島腰果加工廠需要90萬美元的新資金，以開設(shè)第二家工廠、購買新機器、另外雇傭100名新員工。不過，盡管這家工廠知道如何加工腰果，但對籌集資金幾乎毫無經(jīng)驗。 ????因此，KKR的三名員工花費數(shù)月時間跟東巴厘島腰果加工廠以及IIX的團隊展開合作，以確定需求、撰寫商業(yè)計劃，同時提供一般的業(yè)務(wù)咨詢。然而，KKR沒有直接投資，因為它相信，自己最大的價值將是向腰果加工廠管理者傳授知識，這樣后者就能更加高效地經(jīng)營、發(fā)展他們的業(yè)務(wù)。最終，腰果加工廠籌到了資金——很大程度上是因為它可以為潛在投資者呈現(xiàn)一份“經(jīng)KKR審批通過的”商業(yè)計劃。
????IIX的一家姊妹機構(gòu)估計，今年每投給東巴厘島腰果加工廠1美元，它就能創(chuàng)造額外24美分的社會價值。 ????奧肯認為，這對有志于企業(yè)社會責任行動的私募股權(quán)投資公司來說是有益的一課：“沒錯，大家盡可以花一天時間為養(yǎng)老院刷油漆，這是大好事。但私募股權(quán)投資公司擁有獨一無二的技能，可以用來提供一種知識基礎(chǔ)，從而幫助社會企業(yè)。這其中擁有的價值要長遠得多。”（財富中文網(wǎng)） ????譯者：王燦均?? |
????There has been lots of discussion about how private equity firms do (or don't) create new jobs, so today it's worth highlighting an instance in which jobs not only were indisputably created, but the new hires were poor rural villagers. Moreover, the participating private equity firm invested time rather than money. ????Here's the story in a nutshell (pun soon to become apparent): ????Soon after Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. (KKR) opened its Singapore office last October, director of Asia public affairs Steve Okun began looking for a local organization with whom the firm could partner on a corporate social responsibility (CSR) effort. So he began holding discussions with Impact Investment Exchange Asia (IIX), a group that focuses on social sector development via investment. But IIX turned Okun down, saying it previously had been burned by investment banks that began projects and then dropped them once a big new banking deal came along (IIX knew of what it spoke, since it was founded by investment bankers). ????Okun persisted, and promised that KKR's involvement would be with members of different offices (Singapore and Australia), and that it would be on nights and weekends (so long as IIX would do the same). ????Soon the two groups settled on a project: East Bali Cashews, Bali's first large-scale cashew processing facility. The company is known for using environmentally-friendly processes and employs around 130 people in the impoverished village of Bon. ????What East Bali needed was $900,000 in fresh capital, in order to build a second factory, purchase new machines and hire 100 new workers. But while it knew how to process cashews, it had very little experience raising money. ????So three KKR staffers spent months working with the East Bali and IIX teams on identifying needs, writing a business plan and providing general business counsel. It did not, however, directly invest – believing that its highest value would be imparting its knowhow with East Bali Cashew executives so they could more effectively run and grow their business. In the end, the company raised its money – in no small part because it could present a "KKR-vetted" business plan to potential investors. ????A sister organization to IIX estimates that for every dollar invested in East Bali Cashew activities this year, the company created an additional 24 cents in social value. ????Okun argues that this is the lesson for private equity firms interested in CSR: "Yes, you can go spend the day painting a nursing home. And that's great. But private equity has unique skills that can be used to provide a base of knowledge that can help a social enterprise, and there is far more long-term value in that."??? |
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