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馬斯克負(fù)責(zé)削減聯(lián)邦政府支出,特斯拉卻從政府那里拿到了380億美元

ALENA BOTROS
2025-03-02

特斯拉曾獲得數(shù)億美元政府貸款。

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2月26日,埃隆·馬斯克在白宮內(nèi)閣會(huì)議上講話。圖片來(lái)源:AL DRAGO/BLOOMBERG VIA GETTY IMAGES

? 埃隆·馬斯克的特斯拉(Tesla)和太空探索技術(shù)公司(SpaceX)從政府合同與監(jiān)管信貸中受益匪淺。然而,他被指控在削減政府支出和就業(yè)崗位的同時(shí),回避自身存在的利益沖突。據(jù)媒體報(bào)道,馬斯克親自向美國(guó)能源部(Energy Department)為特斯拉爭(zhēng)取到4.65億美元貸款,這筆貸款幫助公司度過(guò)了難關(guān)。

在美國(guó)大選期間,世界首富馬斯克一直大力支持唐納德·特朗普,于是在當(dāng)選之后,特朗普將削減聯(lián)邦政府支出的重任托付給了馬斯克。 “政府效率部”(Department of Government Efficiency,DOGE)的官網(wǎng)宣稱(chēng),其“預(yù)計(jì)可節(jié)省的總金額達(dá)650億美元,涵蓋欺詐檢測(cè)/消除、合同/租約取消、合同/租約重新談判、資產(chǎn)出售、資助取消、人員精簡(jiǎn)、項(xiàng)目調(diào)整和監(jiān)管節(jié)流等多重手段。”

但《華盛頓郵報(bào)》的分析發(fā)現(xiàn),執(zhí)掌政府效率部的馬斯克本人卻經(jīng)營(yíng)著龐大的商業(yè)帝國(guó)。過(guò)去20年間,他旗下的公司通過(guò)政府合同、貸款、補(bǔ)貼和稅收抵免等形式累計(jì)獲得380億美元政府資金支持。

《華盛頓郵報(bào)》報(bào)道稱(chēng),其中近三分之二是在過(guò)去五年內(nèi)到賬。僅去年,聯(lián)邦和地方財(cái)政就向其公司注入63億美元,創(chuàng)下歷史新高。

坐擁3,580億美元身家的馬斯克,旗下的公司包括電動(dòng)汽車(chē)廠商特斯拉、火箭公司太空探索技術(shù)公司、社交媒體平臺(tái)X(原Twitter)、人工智能公司xAI、腦機(jī)接口公司Neuralink、隧道基建公司The Boring Company。除此之外,他同時(shí)身兼政府特別雇員及總統(tǒng)高級(jí)顧問(wèn)雙重公職。

據(jù)《華盛頓郵報(bào)》披露,他所獲得的政府資金支持,主要是美國(guó)宇航局(NASA)和國(guó)防部(Department of Defense)授予太空探索技術(shù)公司的合同,而特斯拉則獲得了114億美元監(jiān)管信貸。頗具戲劇性的是,馬斯克領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的政府效率部,作為一個(gè)非官方的節(jié)流機(jī)構(gòu),正著手在與馬斯克旗下企業(yè)有合作關(guān)系的七家聯(lián)邦機(jī)構(gòu)削減人員、預(yù)算及合同。但面對(duì)潛在利益沖突,是否回避的主動(dòng)權(quán)仍掌握在馬斯克本人手中。白宮新聞秘書(shū)卡洛琳·萊維特曾表示總統(tǒng)聲稱(chēng):“若涉及政府效率部監(jiān)管范圍內(nèi)的合同與資金存在利益沖突,馬斯克將主動(dòng)退出相關(guān)項(xiàng)目。”

由于該媒體的調(diào)查僅基于公開(kāi)合同數(shù)據(jù),且未涵蓋國(guó)防及情報(bào)領(lǐng)域,實(shí)際金額可能更為龐大。報(bào)道指出,部分補(bǔ)貼和稅收抵免的具體數(shù)額被刻意隱去。此外,《華盛頓郵報(bào)》稱(chēng),從NASA到國(guó)防部等七大政府部門(mén)簽訂的52份合同顯示,未來(lái)數(shù)年馬斯克旗下的公司或?qū)⒃佾@118億美元撥款。

NASA的發(fā)言人證實(shí),其對(duì)太空探索技術(shù)公司的累計(jì)投資已達(dá)150億美元,這些資金助推了該公司的基建發(fā)展。而能源部4.65億美元貸款更是特斯拉崛起的關(guān)鍵。一位熟悉公司財(cái)務(wù)的特斯拉前員工對(duì)《華盛頓郵報(bào)》透露:“如果沒(méi)有這筆貸款,特斯拉可能早已破產(chǎn)。這筆貸款就是及時(shí)雨。”有兩位知情者向該媒體透露,為爭(zhēng)取貸款,馬斯克曾親自督戰(zhàn):他每天與高管開(kāi)會(huì)核對(duì)材料,并耗費(fèi)數(shù)小時(shí)的時(shí)間與政府信貸專(zhuān)員磋商。在貸款審核通過(guò)后才發(fā)現(xiàn)特斯拉缺少了一份必要認(rèn)證,于是在圣誕節(jié)期間馬斯克直接前往主管部門(mén)補(bǔ)辦缺失的資質(zhì)認(rèn)證。

特斯拉與太空探索技術(shù)公司未就此事置評(píng)。

白宮副新聞秘書(shū)哈里森·菲爾茲通過(guò)郵件聲明:“特朗普政府正全面審查使用納稅人的資金資助的每份合同。馬斯克旗下公司的所有合同都將嚴(yán)格遵守與潛在利益沖突相關(guān)的政府道德規(guī)范。本屆政府將以公正無(wú)私的態(tài)度,打擊浪費(fèi)、欺詐和權(quán)力濫用。”(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:劉進(jìn)龍

審校:汪皓

? 埃隆·馬斯克的特斯拉(Tesla)和太空探索技術(shù)公司(SpaceX)從政府合同與監(jiān)管信貸中受益匪淺。然而,他被指控在削減政府支出和就業(yè)崗位的同時(shí),回避自身存在的利益沖突。據(jù)媒體報(bào)道,馬斯克親自向美國(guó)能源部(Energy Department)為特斯拉爭(zhēng)取到4.65億美元貸款,這筆貸款幫助公司度過(guò)了難關(guān)。

在美國(guó)大選期間,世界首富馬斯克一直大力支持唐納德·特朗普,于是在當(dāng)選之后,特朗普將削減聯(lián)邦政府支出的重任托付給了馬斯克。 “政府效率部”(Department of Government Efficiency,DOGE)的官網(wǎng)宣稱(chēng),其“預(yù)計(jì)可節(jié)省的總金額達(dá)650億美元,涵蓋欺詐檢測(cè)/消除、合同/租約取消、合同/租約重新談判、資產(chǎn)出售、資助取消、人員精簡(jiǎn)、項(xiàng)目調(diào)整和監(jiān)管節(jié)流等多重手段。”

但《華盛頓郵報(bào)》的分析發(fā)現(xiàn),執(zhí)掌政府效率部的馬斯克本人卻經(jīng)營(yíng)著龐大的商業(yè)帝國(guó)。過(guò)去20年間,他旗下的公司通過(guò)政府合同、貸款、補(bǔ)貼和稅收抵免等形式累計(jì)獲得380億美元政府資金支持。

《華盛頓郵報(bào)》報(bào)道稱(chēng),其中近三分之二是在過(guò)去五年內(nèi)到賬。僅去年,聯(lián)邦和地方財(cái)政就向其公司注入63億美元,創(chuàng)下歷史新高。

坐擁3,580億美元身家的馬斯克,旗下的公司包括電動(dòng)汽車(chē)廠商特斯拉、火箭公司太空探索技術(shù)公司、社交媒體平臺(tái)X(原Twitter)、人工智能公司xAI、腦機(jī)接口公司Neuralink、隧道基建公司The Boring Company。除此之外,他同時(shí)身兼政府特別雇員及總統(tǒng)高級(jí)顧問(wèn)雙重公職。

據(jù)《華盛頓郵報(bào)》披露,他所獲得的政府資金支持,主要是美國(guó)宇航局(NASA)和國(guó)防部(Department of Defense)授予太空探索技術(shù)公司的合同,而特斯拉則獲得了114億美元監(jiān)管信貸。頗具戲劇性的是,馬斯克領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的政府效率部,作為一個(gè)非官方的節(jié)流機(jī)構(gòu),正著手在與馬斯克旗下企業(yè)有合作關(guān)系的七家聯(lián)邦機(jī)構(gòu)削減人員、預(yù)算及合同。但面對(duì)潛在利益沖突,是否回避的主動(dòng)權(quán)仍掌握在馬斯克本人手中。白宮新聞秘書(shū)卡洛琳·萊維特曾表示總統(tǒng)聲稱(chēng):“若涉及政府效率部監(jiān)管范圍內(nèi)的合同與資金存在利益沖突,馬斯克將主動(dòng)退出相關(guān)項(xiàng)目。”

由于該媒體的調(diào)查僅基于公開(kāi)合同數(shù)據(jù),且未涵蓋國(guó)防及情報(bào)領(lǐng)域,實(shí)際金額可能更為龐大。報(bào)道指出,部分補(bǔ)貼和稅收抵免的具體數(shù)額被刻意隱去。此外,《華盛頓郵報(bào)》稱(chēng),從NASA到國(guó)防部等七大政府部門(mén)簽訂的52份合同顯示,未來(lái)數(shù)年馬斯克旗下的公司或?qū)⒃佾@118億美元撥款。

NASA的發(fā)言人證實(shí),其對(duì)太空探索技術(shù)公司的累計(jì)投資已達(dá)150億美元,這些資金助推了該公司的基建發(fā)展。而能源部4.65億美元貸款更是特斯拉崛起的關(guān)鍵。一位熟悉公司財(cái)務(wù)的特斯拉前員工對(duì)《華盛頓郵報(bào)》透露:“如果沒(méi)有這筆貸款,特斯拉可能早已破產(chǎn)。這筆貸款就是及時(shí)雨。”有兩位知情者向該媒體透露,為爭(zhēng)取貸款,馬斯克曾親自督戰(zhàn):他每天與高管開(kāi)會(huì)核對(duì)材料,并耗費(fèi)數(shù)小時(shí)的時(shí)間與政府信貸專(zhuān)員磋商。在貸款審核通過(guò)后才發(fā)現(xiàn)特斯拉缺少了一份必要認(rèn)證,于是在圣誕節(jié)期間馬斯克直接前往主管部門(mén)補(bǔ)辦缺失的資質(zhì)認(rèn)證。

特斯拉與太空探索技術(shù)公司未就此事置評(píng)。

白宮副新聞秘書(shū)哈里森·菲爾茲通過(guò)郵件聲明:“特朗普政府正全面審查使用納稅人的資金資助的每份合同。馬斯克旗下公司的所有合同都將嚴(yán)格遵守與潛在利益沖突相關(guān)的政府道德規(guī)范。本屆政府將以公正無(wú)私的態(tài)度,打擊浪費(fèi)、欺詐和權(quán)力濫用。”(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:劉進(jìn)龍

審校:汪皓

? Elon Musk’s Tesla and SpaceX have benefited from government contracts and regulatory credits. Still, he is charged with slashing government spending and jobs, recusing himself when a conflict of interest is present. A reported $465 million loan from the Energy Department to Tesla—that Musk personally fought for—helped him navigate the company through difficult days.

President Donald Trump entrusted the richest man in the world to cut costs for the federal government after he backed him throughout the election. The online tracker for the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) claims its “total estimated savings are $65 billion, which is a combination of fraud detection/deletion, contract/lease cancellations, contract/lease renegotiations, asset sales, grant cancellations, workforce reductions, programmatic changes, and regulatory savings.”

But DOGE’s Elon Musk runs a business empire of his own—one that reportedly collected $38 billion in government funding through a collection of government contracts, loans, subsidies, and tax credits that go as far back as 20 years, an analysis by the Washington Post revealed.

Almost two-thirds of the $38 billion in funds were promised to his businesses in the past five years, the Washington Post reported. Last year alone, $6.3 billion in federal and local funding was devoted to Musk’s companies—the largest amount committed thus far, the publication said.

Musk is worth $358 billion. He owns and runs several companies such as electric-car maker Tesla; rocket maker SpaceX; social media platform X (which was once Twitter); artificial intelligence company xAI; brain computer interface company Neuralink; and tunneling service the Boring Company. On top of that, he is a special government employee and senior advisor to the president.

Government contracts to Musk’s SpaceX from NASA and the Department of Defense make up most of the funds, while Tesla has collected $11.4 billion in regulatory credits, per the Washington Post. Interestingly enough, DOGE, the non-Cabinet cost-cutting body of Musk’s, has looked to slash staff, budgets, and contracts at each of the seven agencies his companies have contracts with. Still, it is Musk who will decide when there is a conflict of interest and when he should remove himself. White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt earlier said the President claimed that “if Elon Musk comes across a conflict of interest with the contracts and the funding that DOGE is overseeing, then Elon will excuse himself from those contracts.”

The total amount of funding for his businesses could be higher, since the outlet only looked at publicly available contracts; defense and intelligence matters were not included. Not to mention, the reporting found other grants and tax credits where the exact amount was omitted. Plus, 52 contracts with seven government agencies from NASA to the Department of Defense are on the hook to potentially pay his companies another $11.8 billion in the next few years, according to the Washington Post.

Contracts from NASA and the Department of Defense helped build SpaceX’s infrastructure, the outlet reported—a NASA spokesperson told the publication that it has invested $15 billion in SpaceX. A $465 million loan from the Energy Department helped Tesla scale to what it is today. “Tesla would not have survived without the loan,” a former Tesla employee familiar with the company’s finances told the Washington Post. “It was a critical loan at a critical time.” Musk was personally involved in securing the loan, two people familiar told the publication; he held daily meetings with Tesla executives to discuss the necessary paperwork and spent hours with a government loan officer. When the loan went through, it was discovered that Tesla was missing a certification to actually qualify, so Musk, around Christmastime, went directly to the corresponding administrator to make it happen.

Tesla and SpaceX did not respond to Fortune’s request for comment.

Principal deputy press secretary Harrison Fields said in an email: “President Trump and his entire administration is committed to executing a head to toe assessment of every contract the American people are funding with their taxpayer dollars. Any contracts connected to Elon Musk’s very successful companies will comply with every government ethics rule as it pertains to potential conflicts of interests. The Trump administration will not play favorites in its mission to cut waste, fraud, and abuse.”

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