政府和商界領袖對迫在眉睫的人口危機憂心忡忡已經有一段時間了,但他們可能僅聚焦于問題的一個維度。世界經濟論壇(World Economic Forum)的一份新報告指出,在未來五年內,預計有兩大人口結構變化將重塑全球勞動力格局。
首先當然是高收入國家面臨的人口老齡化問題。報告稱,隨著人口老齡化,這些國家約40%的雇主將進行轉型,這也改變了企業對員工的看法。
世界經濟論壇未來工作、薪資和經濟增長主管蒂爾·利奧波德(Till Leopold)在接受《財富》雜志采訪時表示:“很多公司確實對勞動力短缺感到憂慮,它們愈發優先考慮對現有員工進行再培訓,并將其轉崗至企業其他部門的新職位。這些公司正試圖通過內部調配來填補這些空缺,而此前情況并非如此。”
然而,第二大人口結構變化則體現在發展中經濟體勞動年齡人口的持續增長上。預計到2050年,這些國家中約25%的國家將為全球提供59%的勞動年齡人口。包括印度、東南亞以及撒哈拉以南非洲國家在內的發展中國家,在未來數年間還將為全球提供近三分之二的新增勞動力。
或許最耐人尋味的是,這兩種趨勢都將促進就業增長。據該報告稱,到2030年,發展中國家勞動年齡人口的持續增長將為全球勞動力市場創造約910萬個新的凈就業崗位。而高收入國家人口老齡化預計將為全球勞動力市場創造380萬個新的凈就業崗位。
世界經濟論壇未來工作、薪資和經濟增長主管蒂爾·利奧波德告訴《財富》雜志:“人口結構變化是推動就業增長的第二大關鍵因素,對于不斷增長的勞動年齡人口來說尤其如此。”
在這兩類國家中,人口結構變化引發了大規模的工作崗位調整。面臨人口老齡化問題的國家預計將涌現大量護理崗位,包括護理專業人員、社會工作者以及護理助理。與此同時,在發展中國家,隨著勞動年齡人口持續增長,教育領域的相關崗位(如中學和高等教育教師)也將迎來增長。
利奧波德說:“教學、指導及領導能力都是與勞動年齡人口增長趨勢相關的技能。當然,這也包括學校里真正的教育工作者。但我認為這也包括當前這一代勞動力向年輕一代傳授知識。”(財富中文網)
譯者:中慧言-王芳
政府和商界領袖對迫在眉睫的人口危機憂心忡忡已經有一段時間了,但他們可能僅聚焦于問題的一個維度。世界經濟論壇(World Economic Forum)的一份新報告指出,在未來五年內,預計有兩大人口結構變化將重塑全球勞動力格局。
首先當然是高收入國家面臨的人口老齡化問題。報告稱,隨著人口老齡化,這些國家約40%的雇主將進行轉型,這也改變了企業對員工的看法。
世界經濟論壇未來工作、薪資和經濟增長主管蒂爾·利奧波德(Till Leopold)在接受《財富》雜志采訪時表示:“很多公司確實對勞動力短缺感到憂慮,它們愈發優先考慮對現有員工進行再培訓,并將其轉崗至企業其他部門的新職位。這些公司正試圖通過內部調配來填補這些空缺,而此前情況并非如此。”
然而,第二大人口結構變化則體現在發展中經濟體勞動年齡人口的持續增長上。預計到2050年,這些國家中約25%的國家將為全球提供59%的勞動年齡人口。包括印度、東南亞以及撒哈拉以南非洲國家在內的發展中國家,在未來數年間還將為全球提供近三分之二的新增勞動力。
或許最耐人尋味的是,這兩種趨勢都將促進就業增長。據該報告稱,到2030年,發展中國家勞動年齡人口的持續增長將為全球勞動力市場創造約910萬個新的凈就業崗位。而高收入國家人口老齡化預計將為全球勞動力市場創造380萬個新的凈就業崗位。
世界經濟論壇未來工作、薪資和經濟增長主管蒂爾·利奧波德告訴《財富》雜志:“人口結構變化是推動就業增長的第二大關鍵因素,對于不斷增長的勞動年齡人口來說尤其如此。”
在這兩類國家中,人口結構變化引發了大規模的工作崗位調整。面臨人口老齡化問題的國家預計將涌現大量護理崗位,包括護理專業人員、社會工作者以及護理助理。與此同時,在發展中國家,隨著勞動年齡人口持續增長,教育領域的相關崗位(如中學和高等教育教師)也將迎來增長。
利奧波德說:“教學、指導及領導能力都是與勞動年齡人口增長趨勢相關的技能。當然,這也包括學校里真正的教育工作者。但我認為這也包括當前這一代勞動力向年輕一代傳授知識。”(財富中文網)
譯者:中慧言-王芳
Government and business leaders have been wringing their hands about a looming demographic crisis for quite a while now, but they may only be focusing on one part of the equation. There are two major demographic shifts expected to transform the global workforce over the next five years, according to a new report from The World Economic Forum.
The first is, of course, the aging populations of high-income countries. Around 40% of employers in these countries will be transformed as their populations get older, according to the report. And that’s changing the way that companies think about their workers.
“A lot of companies that do have these concerns around the shrinking labor pool are increasingly prioritizing reskilling and transitioning current workers into new roles in other parts of the business,” Till Leopold, head of Future of Work, Wages and Economic Growth at the World Economic Forum, tells Fortune. “They’re trying to fill those gaps from within, which was not the case before.”
But the second major demographic shift is the expanding working-age population in developing economies. Around 25% of these countries are expected to provide 59% of the global working-age population by 2050. And this group, which includes India, Southeast Asia and Sub-Saharan African nations, will also provide nearly two-thirds of new members of the global workforce in the years to come.
Perhaps most interesting of all, both of these trends will lead to job growth. Around 9.1 million net new jobs in the global workforce will be created by the growing working age population in developing countries by 2030, according to the report. And the aging population of higher-income nations is expected to create 3.8 million net additional jobs to the global workforce.
“Demographic shifts are the second largest driver of job growth,” Till Leopold, head of Future of Work, Wages and Economic Growth at the World Economic Forum, tells Fortune. “That is particularly true for the growing working-age population.”
These demographic shifts are also creating a great jobs reshuffling for both groups of countries. Countries with an aging population are expected to see an influx of care jobs, including nursing professionals, social workers, and care aides. Meanwhile, increasing working-age populations in developing countries are fueling growth in education-related professions, such as secondary and higher education teachers.
“Teaching, mentoring, and leadership are all skills that are associated with the growing working age population trend,” says Leopold. “Of course that includes actual teachers in schools. But I think it also includes the current generation of the workforce imparting their knowledge to the younger generations.”