那些為從9月份開始的漸進式降息做好準備的債券交易員正加大押注力度,以防美國經濟突然下滑迫使美聯儲采取更激進的措施。
隨著美國國債連續第三個月走高,投資者完全定價今年至少兩次降息25個基點,這樣的預期略高于美聯儲政策制定者的預測。在衍生品市場上,一些交易員甚至進一步押注,如果美聯儲采取大膽舉措,在9月中旬降息50個基點,或者更早開始降息,他們就會獲得回報。
盡管這仍是一種例外情況,但有證據表明,企業和消費者正感受到基準利率達到二十年高位所帶來的壓力,因此圍繞采取降息舉措必要性的猜測已經得到了支持。即使通脹率有所回落,但投資者越來越擔心勞動力市場即將出現問題——美聯儲官員表示,他們將對此保持關注。7月政策會議和9月政策會議之間的漫長時間間隔增加了風險。
布蘭迪全球投資管理公司(Brandywine Global Investment Management)投資組合經理杰克·麥金太爾(Jack McIntyre)表示:“可以說,如果勞動力市場出現更多疲軟跡象,那么經濟狀況就會更糟糕,這將促使美聯儲加大降息力度。我們不知道的是,這將是一個怎樣的降息周期。”
上周,當紐約聯儲前主席杜德利(William Dudley)和穆罕默德·埃爾-埃里安(Mohamed El-Erian)表示,美聯儲長期維持過高的利率,犯錯的風險很高,杜德利甚至呼吁在本周的政策會議上采取行動時,焦慮情緒達到了新水平。兩人都是“彭博觀點”專欄作家。
僅這一評論就足以令市場騷動,導致對政策敏感的美國短期國債收益率以所謂的“趨陡”模式暴跌,這是寬松周期之前的慣例。盡管如此,有關失業救濟申請、美國經濟增長和消費者支出的環保數據仍有助于支持美聯儲本周按兵不動。
該數據“消除了美聯儲必須采取行動的緊迫性”,國民西敏寺銀行(Natwest Markets)美國主管米歇爾·吉拉德(Michelle Girard)周四對彭博電視臺表示。“美聯儲不想顯得驚慌失措。”
盡管近期大選擔憂引發了一些動蕩,但對即將降息的預期提振了美國國債的整體走勢,使收益率從4月下旬創下的峰值明顯回落。彭博美國國債指數本月觸及兩年高點,并有望在7月底實現連續三個月上漲,上一次出現這種情況是在2021年年中。
一年來,政策制定者將目標利率維持在5.25%-5.5%的水平,同時等待通脹持續降溫的跡象。隨著物價似乎朝著正確的方向發展——周五公布的數據顯示,美聯儲青睞的通脹指標在6月份以溫和的速度上升——他們已經開始更加重視其所謂的雙重使命的另一面:充分就業。
在這方面,未來幾個月將至關重要——包括下周的就業報告。DWS Americas固定收益部門主管喬治·卡特拉姆伯恩(George Catrambone)表示,實質性疲軟的證據“可能會重新引發人們對軟著陸的質疑,美聯儲可能會落后于曲線,錯失7月份降息的機會。”
由于市場普遍預期美聯儲將按兵不動,美聯儲主席杰羅姆·鮑威爾(Jerome Powell)可能會在周三的新聞發布會上提出新的經濟擔憂或政策調整。
如果他開始為比預期更大幅度的降息奠定基礎,那將發出一個可怕的信號:只有在2001年初互聯網泡沫破裂和2007年9月金融危機爆發之后,美聯儲才降息50個基點,開啟了后來的大規模寬松周期。
摩根大通(JPMorgan Chase & Co.)的邁克爾·費羅利(Michael Feroli)預計不會出現這樣的轉折。在周五的一份報告中,他預計鮑威爾將“避免指出首次降息的任何具體會議”。至于回答關于本月不降息的問題,鮑威爾可能會說,美聯儲行長們希望得到通脹方面取得進展的進一步證據。
三菱日聯金融集團美國宏觀策略主管喬治·岡卡爾維斯認為,到9月,更多經濟疲軟的跡象可能促使美聯儲采取先發制人的應對措施。
岡卡爾維斯說:“從數據的走勢來看,這種緩慢而穩步的降息想法毫無意義。等待的時間越長,以后需要做的事情就越多。”
市場上的一些人認為,不確定性足以讓他們下注預防措施。最近幾周,交易員們利用與有擔保隔夜融資利率(Secured Overnight Financing Rate,密切跟蹤美聯儲政策預期)掛鉤的期權,為可能出現的情況做準備,比如最早從7月份開始下調25個基點,或者在9月份下調50個基點。
天利投資(Columbia Threadneedle Investment)的利率策略師艾德·阿爾-胡賽尼(Ed Al-Hussainy)表示:“當25個基點的降息被完全定價時,你只有兩個選擇。你可以定價不降息,也可以定價50個基點的降息。”
華盛頓政策分析公司LH Meyer的經濟學家德里克·唐(Derek Tang)說,就目前而言,“宏觀形勢目前不需要,甚至不能證明”快速寬松政策是合理的。他表示,官員們更有可能選擇每次會議降息25個基點,即每季度降息50個基點,然后再嘗試降息50個基點這樣的激進舉措。
阿爾-胡賽尼說,從擱置一年多到“突然降息50個基點,這意味著出現狀況了,而且情況不妙。” (財富中文網)
譯者:中慧言-王芳
那些為從9月份開始的漸進式降息做好準備的債券交易員正加大押注力度,以防美國經濟突然下滑迫使美聯儲采取更激進的措施。
隨著美國國債連續第三個月走高,投資者完全定價今年至少兩次降息25個基點,這樣的預期略高于美聯儲政策制定者的預測。在衍生品市場上,一些交易員甚至進一步押注,如果美聯儲采取大膽舉措,在9月中旬降息50個基點,或者更早開始降息,他們就會獲得回報。
盡管這仍是一種例外情況,但有證據表明,企業和消費者正感受到基準利率達到二十年高位所帶來的壓力,因此圍繞采取降息舉措必要性的猜測已經得到了支持。即使通脹率有所回落,但投資者越來越擔心勞動力市場即將出現問題——美聯儲官員表示,他們將對此保持關注。7月政策會議和9月政策會議之間的漫長時間間隔增加了風險。
布蘭迪全球投資管理公司(Brandywine Global Investment Management)投資組合經理杰克·麥金太爾(Jack McIntyre)表示:“可以說,如果勞動力市場出現更多疲軟跡象,那么經濟狀況就會更糟糕,這將促使美聯儲加大降息力度。我們不知道的是,這將是一個怎樣的降息周期。”
上周,當紐約聯儲前主席杜德利(William Dudley)和穆罕默德·埃爾-埃里安(Mohamed El-Erian)表示,美聯儲長期維持過高的利率,犯錯的風險很高,杜德利甚至呼吁在本周的政策會議上采取行動時,焦慮情緒達到了新水平。兩人都是“彭博觀點”專欄作家。
僅這一評論就足以令市場騷動,導致對政策敏感的美國短期國債收益率以所謂的“趨陡”模式暴跌,這是寬松周期之前的慣例。盡管如此,有關失業救濟申請、美國經濟增長和消費者支出的環保數據仍有助于支持美聯儲本周按兵不動。
該數據“消除了美聯儲必須采取行動的緊迫性”,國民西敏寺銀行(Natwest Markets)美國主管米歇爾·吉拉德(Michelle Girard)周四對彭博電視臺表示。“美聯儲不想顯得驚慌失措。”
盡管近期大選擔憂引發了一些動蕩,但對即將降息的預期提振了美國國債的整體走勢,使收益率從4月下旬創下的峰值明顯回落。彭博美國國債指數本月觸及兩年高點,并有望在7月底實現連續三個月上漲,上一次出現這種情況是在2021年年中。
一年來,政策制定者將目標利率維持在5.25%-5.5%的水平,同時等待通脹持續降溫的跡象。隨著物價似乎朝著正確的方向發展——周五公布的數據顯示,美聯儲青睞的通脹指標在6月份以溫和的速度上升——他們已經開始更加重視其所謂的雙重使命的另一面:充分就業。
在這方面,未來幾個月將至關重要——包括下周的就業報告。DWS Americas固定收益部門主管喬治·卡特拉姆伯恩(George Catrambone)表示,實質性疲軟的證據“可能會重新引發人們對軟著陸的質疑,美聯儲可能會落后于曲線,錯失7月份降息的機會。”
由于市場普遍預期美聯儲將按兵不動,美聯儲主席杰羅姆·鮑威爾(Jerome Powell)可能會在周三的新聞發布會上提出新的經濟擔憂或政策調整。
如果他開始為比預期更大幅度的降息奠定基礎,那將發出一個可怕的信號:只有在2001年初互聯網泡沫破裂和2007年9月金融危機爆發之后,美聯儲才降息50個基點,開啟了后來的大規模寬松周期。
摩根大通(JPMorgan Chase & Co.)的邁克爾·費羅利(Michael Feroli)預計不會出現這樣的轉折。在周五的一份報告中,他預計鮑威爾將“避免指出首次降息的任何具體會議”。至于回答關于本月不降息的問題,鮑威爾可能會說,美聯儲行長們希望得到通脹方面取得進展的進一步證據。
三菱日聯金融集團美國宏觀策略主管喬治·岡卡爾維斯認為,到9月,更多經濟疲軟的跡象可能促使美聯儲采取先發制人的應對措施。
岡卡爾維斯說:“從數據的走勢來看,這種緩慢而穩步的降息想法毫無意義。等待的時間越長,以后需要做的事情就越多。”
市場上的一些人認為,不確定性足以讓他們下注預防措施。最近幾周,交易員們利用與有擔保隔夜融資利率(Secured Overnight Financing Rate,密切跟蹤美聯儲政策預期)掛鉤的期權,為可能出現的情況做準備,比如最早從7月份開始下調25個基點,或者在9月份下調50個基點。
天利投資(Columbia Threadneedle Investment)的利率策略師艾德·阿爾-胡賽尼(Ed Al-Hussainy)表示:“當25個基點的降息被完全定價時,你只有兩個選擇。你可以定價不降息,也可以定價50個基點的降息。”
華盛頓政策分析公司LH Meyer的經濟學家德里克·唐(Derek Tang)說,就目前而言,“宏觀形勢目前不需要,甚至不能證明”快速寬松政策是合理的。他表示,官員們更有可能選擇每次會議降息25個基點,即每季度降息50個基點,然后再嘗試降息50個基點這樣的激進舉措。
阿爾-胡賽尼說,從擱置一年多到“突然降息50個基點,這意味著出現狀況了,而且情況不妙。” (財富中文網)
譯者:中慧言-王芳
“This idea of slow and steady cuts makes no sense given how data is shaping up,” said George Goncalves, head of US macro strategy at MUFG.
MAIRO CINQUETTI—NURPHOTO VIA GETTY IMAGES
Bond traders who’ve set themselves up for gradual interest-rate cuts starting in September are ramping up side bets in case a sudden slide in the US economy forces the Federal Reserve to be even more aggressive.
As Treasuries advance for a third-straight month, investors are fully pricing in at least two quarter-point rate reductions this year, slightly more than what policymakers have telegraphed. In the derivatives market, some traders have gone even further with wagers that pay off if central bankers go bold and deliver a half-point cut in mid-September — or start lowering rates sooner.
While still an outlier scenario, speculation around the need for such a move has gained traction amid evidence that companies and consumers are feeling the pinch from two-decade-high benchmark rates. Even as inflation has ebbed, investors are increasingly concerned the labor market is about to crack — something Fed officials said they’ll be attuned to. The sizable time gap between the July policy meeting and September’s adds risk to the equation.
“It’s fair to say that if labor shows more signs of weakening, then the economy is in worse shape and that gets the Fed to cut more,” said Jack McIntyre, portfolio manager at Brandywine Global Investment Management. “What we don’t know is what kind of cutting cycle it will be.”
Anxiety reached a new level last week, when former New York Fed President William Dudley and Mohamed El-Erian said the Fed risks making a mistake by holding rates too high for too long — with Dudley even calling for a move at this week’s policy meeting. Both were writing as Bloomberg Opinion columnists.
The commentary alone was enough to roil the market, sending policy-sensitive short-term US yields tumbling in a so-called steepening pattern, as is customary before an easing cycle. Still, eco-friendly data on jobless claims, US growth and consumer spending helped support the case for the central bank to hold tight this week.
The data “removes the urgency for the Fed to have to act,” Michelle Girard, head of US at Natwest Markets, told Bloomberg Television on Thursday. “The Fed does not want to appear panicked.”
Anticipation of imminent rate cuts has buoyed Treasuries overall, sending yields markedly lower from peaks set in late April — despite some recent turbulence sparked by election concerns. A Bloomberg index of US government debt touched a two-year high this month and is poised to end July on a three-month winning streak last seen in mid-2021.
Policymakers have left their target rate at 5.25% to 5.5% for a year while awaiting signs of a sustained cooling in inflation. With prices seemingly headed in the right direction — data released Friday showed the Fed’s preferred measure of inflation rose at a tame pace in June — they’ve begun placing more emphasis on the other side of their so-called dual mandate: full employment.
On that front, the coming couple of months will be crucial — including next week’s jobs report. Evidence of material weakness “may bring renewed questions about the soft landing and perhaps the Fed falling back behind the curve and missing the opportunity to have cut rates in July,” said George Catrambone, head of fixed income at DWS Americas.
With the Fed widely expected to stand pat, Chair Jerome Powell could use his press conference on Wednesday to raise fresh economic concerns or policy changes.
Should he start laying the groundwork for deeper-than-expected cuts, it would send a dire signal: Only in the wake of the dot-com bubble deflating in early 2001 and the onset of the financial crisis in September 2007 did the Fed deliver half-point reductions to initiate what became big easing cycles.
JPMorgan Chase & Co.’s Michael Feroli doesn’t expect a turn like that. In a note Friday, he said he expects Powell will “steer away from pointing to any specific meeting for the first cut.” As for fielding questions about not cutting this month, Powell could say central bankers want further evidence of progress on inflation, according to the note.
George Goncalves, head of US macro strategy at MUFG, sees more signs of a weakening economy by September possibly prompting a preemptive response from the Fed.
“This idea of slow and steady cuts makes no sense given how data is shaping up,” Goncalves said. “The longer you wait, the more you may need to do later.”
Some in the market see enough uncertainty to warrant just—in-case bets. Traders in recent weeks have used options linked to the Secured Overnight Financing Rate, which closely tracks Fed policy expectations, to position themselves for long-shot scenarios such as quarter-point moves starting as early as July, or a half-point cut in September.
“When a 25-basis-point cut is fully priced, you only have two options,” said Ed Al-Hussainy, a rates strategist at Columbia Threadneedle Investment. “You can position for zero or you can position for 50.”
For now, “the macro picture does currently not demand or even justify” rapid easing, said Derek Tang, an economist at LH Meyer, a policy analysis firm in Washington. He said officials were more likely to opt for quarter-point cuts per meeting — or 50 basis points per quarter — before trying something as drastic as a half-point reduction.
Going from being on hold for more than a year “to suddenly doing 50 means something has hit the fan, and it doesn’t smell good,” said Al-Hussainy.