喬·拜登(Joe Biden)決定放棄參加2024年總統(tǒng)大選,這一決定在全美乃至全世界引起了強(qiáng)烈反響。但關(guān)于誰將接替他成為民主黨領(lǐng)袖的猜測很快被平息,因?yàn)榘莸橇⒓葱贾С指笨偨y(tǒng)卡瑪拉·哈里斯。
雖然哈里斯仍然需要在8月的民主黨全國代表大會(huì)上正式獲得提名,但自拜登出人意料地宣布這一消息以來,最大的焦點(diǎn)已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)向她將選擇誰作為11月的競選伙伴。盡管候選人眾多,但有一個(gè)由強(qiáng)有力的競爭者組成的候選名單,從前宇航員到億萬富翁,不一而足。不過,他們幾乎都有一個(gè)共同點(diǎn):都是來自搖擺州的白人男性。
副總統(tǒng)候選人為哈里斯提供了一個(gè)展示其擔(dān)任總統(tǒng)后可能采取的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的機(jī)會(huì)。與把“拜登經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)”作為其政府標(biāo)志的拜登不同,哈里斯在墮胎和民權(quán)方面的主張比她的商業(yè)立場更為人所知。這正是副總統(tǒng)可能彌補(bǔ)選票不足之處,也是(哈里斯據(jù)稱正在考慮的)參議員和州長們的政策記錄值得研究的原因。
《財(cái)富》雜志為哈里斯編制了一份潛在的副總統(tǒng)候選人名單,根據(jù)他們的政策和政綱,按照對(duì)商業(yè)的友好程度從高到低排名。我們的排名考慮了政策因素,包括減稅、商業(yè)發(fā)展、最低工資、就業(yè)增長和勞動(dòng)力發(fā)展。
馬克·凱利
馬克·凱利曾去過太空并安全返回。華盛頓特區(qū)會(huì)成為這位前宇航員和美國海軍上校的下一站嗎?如果他的商業(yè)友好型履歷能說明什么的話,那答案可能就是肯定的。凱利在約翰·麥凱恩(John McCain)去世后的一次特別選舉中當(dāng)選亞利桑那州參議員,目前在美國國會(huì)聯(lián)合經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會(huì)(Joint Economic Committee)任職,該委員會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)報(bào)告美國的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況以及如何實(shí)現(xiàn)改善。
凱利的商業(yè)友好政策包括:
?為工薪家庭創(chuàng)造高薪工作機(jī)會(huì)、減稅并降低成本
?促進(jìn)本土微芯片生產(chǎn),支持小型企業(yè)發(fā)展
?反對(duì)綠色新政(該新政對(duì)化石燃料公司生存大有助益)(Green New Deal)
德克薩斯基督教大學(xué)(Texas Christian University)政治學(xué)教授基思·加迪(Keith Gaddie)向《財(cái)富》雜志表示:“作為一名亞利桑那州人,凱利可以說是最親商的候選人。他反對(duì)綠色新政,并且主張放松石油開采監(jiān)管。”他反對(duì)綠色新政可能不會(huì)受到所有進(jìn)步人士的歡迎,但能源公司可能會(huì)支持他的立場。
安迪·貝希爾(Andy Beshear)
肯塔基州州長安迪·貝希爾擁有強(qiáng)大的家世。他的父親史蒂夫·貝希爾(Steve Beshear)也曾在2007年至2015年期間擔(dān)任肯塔基州州長。貝希爾是一名律師,此前還擔(dān)任過肯塔基州總檢察長,自2019年底上任州長以來,他一直致力于加強(qiáng)職業(yè)發(fā)展計(jì)劃,為藍(lán)草州(肯塔基州的別稱)帶來更多制造業(yè)、醫(yī)療保健和清潔能源工作崗位,以取代煤炭工作崗位。
他還因推動(dòng)“該州歷史上最佳經(jīng)濟(jì)增長和增加就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)”而受到贊譽(yù)。
據(jù)Axios報(bào)道,盡管當(dāng)被問及如果哈里斯邀請(qǐng)他參加競選,他是否會(huì)答應(yīng)時(shí),他的回答含糊不清,但他仍然有可能成為副總統(tǒng)候選人。他表示:“除了目前的工作之外,我唯一會(huì)考慮其他事情的情況是,我相信自己能進(jìn)一步幫助人民和這個(gè)國家。”德克薩斯基督教大學(xué)的加迪表示,盡管“他激進(jìn)的新冠政策使他被貼上了反商業(yè)的標(biāo)簽,”但貝希爾有很強(qiáng)的親商經(jīng)歷。
貝希爾的商業(yè)友好政策:
?為肯塔基州爭取到超過850項(xiàng)新商業(yè)投資或?qū)崿F(xiàn)現(xiàn)有商業(yè)擴(kuò)張,肯塔基州的人均經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展項(xiàng)目在全美排名第二
?在有工作權(quán)利的州支持工會(huì)
?作為《兩黨基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施法》和《通脹削減法案》的一部分,從美國能源部(U.S. Department of Energy)撥款9億美元,用于五個(gè)關(guān)鍵項(xiàng)目
卡內(nèi)基梅隆大學(xué)海因茨公共政策學(xué)院(Carnegie Mellon University’s Heinz College for public policy)副教授斯泰西?羅森伯格(Stacy Rosenberg)告訴《財(cái)富》雜志:上述能源部資金“預(yù)計(jì)將為肯塔基州提供數(shù)百萬美元的額外商業(yè)投資,并在能源行業(yè)和建筑行業(yè)創(chuàng)造數(shù)千個(gè)就業(yè)崗位。”貝希爾州長對(duì)商業(yè)的關(guān)注以及他在保守派選民中的受歡迎程度都是他參加民主黨競選的有力賣點(diǎn)。
反壟斷組織美國經(jīng)濟(jì)自由項(xiàng)目(American Economic Liberties Project)的州和地方政策主管帕特?加羅法洛(Pat Garofalo)對(duì)貝希爾管理公共資金的能力給予了很高的評(píng)價(jià)。加羅法洛告訴《財(cái)富》雜志,這位肯塔基州州長通過將醫(yī)療補(bǔ)助計(jì)劃從藥品福利管理機(jī)構(gòu)中剝離出來,成功節(jié)省了數(shù)億美元。
JB·普利茲克(JB Pritzker)
你可能知道JB·普利茲克的名字,但不一定是因?yàn)樗且幻渭摇K歉挥械钠绽澘思易宓囊粏T,該家族擁有凱悅連鎖酒店,目前市值超過150億美元。
美國西北大學(xué)(Northwestern University)政治學(xué)教授阿爾文·伯納德·蒂勒里(Alvin Bernard Tillery)在接受哥倫比亞廣播公司新聞網(wǎng)(CBS News)采訪時(shí)表示,這使得普利茲克成為伊利諾伊州首任州長、億萬富翁,同時(shí)也是美國最富有的民選政治家,擁有34億美元的凈資產(chǎn),也是唯一一位“富有到足以自籌資金”的潛在副總統(tǒng)候選人。普利茲克說,雖然拜登退出競選的消息“著實(shí)讓人感到意外”,但他還是支持哈里斯,盡管他曾被列入潛在的總統(tǒng)競選人的非官方候選人名單(如果拜登退出競選的話)。
加迪說:“從經(jīng)驗(yàn)的角度來看,普利茲克的履歷最為豐富,因?yàn)樗酗L(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資背景,而且他的家族擁有凱悅酒店。他的總體政策記錄更偏左,擁有強(qiáng)大的‘綠色’履歷,并支持提高最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 ”
普利茲克的商業(yè)友好政策:
?支持提高最低工資
?支持為小企業(yè)減稅
?在2021年簽署了“里程碑式的立法”,引導(dǎo)伊利諾伊州實(shí)現(xiàn)100%清潔能源
然而,普利茲克掌舵的伊利諾伊州在美國消費(fèi)者新聞與商業(yè)頻道(CNBC)評(píng)選的“最適宜經(jīng)商的州”中僅排在第15位。加迪說:“伊利諾伊州在商業(yè)友好度方面仍然落后于周邊州,也落后于全國增長。”
羅伊·庫珀
羅伊·庫珀擔(dān)任北卡羅來納州的州長,該州在美國全國廣播公司財(cái)經(jīng)頻道的“最適宜經(jīng)商的州”中排名第二(僅次于弗吉尼亞州),因此他一定是做對(duì)了什么事才贏得了這個(gè)令人垂涎的亞軍位置。據(jù)《北卡羅來納州商業(yè)》雜志的報(bào)道,庫珀的任期“將成為該州歷史上就業(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長最好的任期之一”,在過去的七年里,該州增加了超過55萬個(gè)就業(yè)崗位。他為該州取得的一項(xiàng)重大勝利是與共和黨立法機(jī)構(gòu)合作,將包括蘋果(Apple)和大型汽車制造商在內(nèi)的企業(yè)吸引至北卡羅來納州。
庫珀的商業(yè)友好政策:
?向豐田(Toyota)提供了8億美元的激勵(lì)措施,鼓勵(lì)其在該州建立制造工廠
?為蘋果提供數(shù)億美元的稅收減免,將其吸引到北卡羅來納州的研究三角區(qū)
?支持在2023年擴(kuò)大醫(yī)療補(bǔ)助計(jì)劃
在庫珀的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下,北卡羅來納州的經(jīng)濟(jì)增速持續(xù)超過美國整體水平,失業(yè)率較低,就業(yè)崗位增加。
庫柏還支持更環(huán)保的能源生產(chǎn)。北卡羅來納州商務(wù)部長托尼·科普蘭(Tony Copeland)說,他很可能會(huì)在任期的最后一年“繼續(xù)推動(dòng)太陽能和風(fēng)能的商業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)”。
喬什·夏皮羅(Josh Shapiro)
喬什·夏皮羅是一位“新晉行政長官”,加迪表示,他剛剛在2023年1月?lián)钨e夕法尼亞州州長。但到目前為止,他“表現(xiàn)出兩黨合作的傾向,包括支持擇校倡議,”他補(bǔ)充說。“他希望提高最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn),并專注于勞動(dòng)力發(fā)展。”
夏皮羅的商業(yè)友好倡議:
?2023年,提議將賓夕法尼亞州的最低工資從每小時(shí)7.25美元提高到15美元,同時(shí)到2026年將企業(yè)所得稅從8.99%降低到4.99%
?支持氫能,而且據(jù)《聚焦賓州》報(bào)道,他“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為在保護(hù)環(huán)境和支持能源行業(yè)之間做出選擇是偽二分法”
?承諾賓夕法尼亞州到2050年實(shí)現(xiàn)凈零排放
羅森伯格說,夏皮羅還擁有最“明確界定的經(jīng)濟(jì)平臺(tái)”之一,原因是他的辦公室公布了一項(xiàng)十年戰(zhàn)略計(jì)劃,詳細(xì)說明了他的政府將如何與行業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者合作,并將制定政策為賓夕法尼亞州的企業(yè)“提供更商業(yè)友好、更公平的環(huán)境”。羅森伯格說,這種做法可以幫助他獲得決定不支持特朗普的獨(dú)立選民和共和黨人的支持。
此外,據(jù)《費(fèi)城雜志》報(bào)道,夏皮羅比拜登更受歡迎。加迪說:“他的政績和政綱對(duì)于全國性的民主黨人來說是非常傳統(tǒng)的。”
皮特·布蒂吉格(Pete Buttigieg)
“市長皮特”在2020年競選總統(tǒng)時(shí),曾在咨詢巨頭麥肯錫(McKinsey)工作,后來擔(dān)任印第安納州南本德市市長,因此贏得了“搖擺不定的中左翼”的名聲。但他在擔(dān)任交通部長期間展現(xiàn)出了不同的一面,包括強(qiáng)烈的親消費(fèi)者傾向,這體現(xiàn)在他愿意與航空公司正面交鋒并索取高額罰款上。
除了為拜登政府的大規(guī)模基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資歡呼之外,布蒂吉格還毫不猶豫地對(duì)達(dá)美航空(Delta)和美國航空(American Airlines)等大型航空公司的航班延誤處以罰款。去年,美國交通部向西南航空公司(Southwest Airlines)開出了創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的1.4億美元罰款,原因是該航空公司在2022年假期期間經(jīng)歷了為期一周的航班調(diào)度崩潰。
“他對(duì)西南航空采取的行動(dòng)是有史以來交通部長對(duì)航空公司采取的最嚴(yán)厲的行動(dòng),并向整個(gè)行業(yè)發(fā)出了極端信息。”AELP航空和旅行高級(jí)研究員威廉·麥基(William McGee)說,他之前曾批評(píng)布蒂吉格在拜登任期的前兩年無所作為。
在布蒂吉格的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下,交通部最近敲定了兩項(xiàng)遭到業(yè)界反對(duì)的規(guī)定,要求航空公司對(duì)取消或延誤的航班自動(dòng)退款,并提前披露隨身攜帶物品等物品的額外費(fèi)用。該部門還在事故發(fā)生后積極調(diào)查航空公司,包括本周導(dǎo)致達(dá)美航空航班停飛數(shù)日的技術(shù)故障。
麥基說,毋庸置疑,布蒂吉格對(duì)交通運(yùn)輸?shù)年P(guān)注(僅關(guān)注這一狹窄領(lǐng)域)意味著他的經(jīng)歷比其他競爭者要少,但他堅(jiān)定的親消費(fèi)者立場理應(yīng)傳達(dá)出相應(yīng)信息。
麥基在接受《財(cái)富》雜志采訪時(shí)表示:“在我從事這項(xiàng)工作的這些年里,他已成為我們所見過的對(duì)航空公司最強(qiáng)硬的執(zhí)行者。布蒂吉格有能力對(duì)抗其他行業(yè)嗎?他已經(jīng)證明自己能夠?qū)蛊渲匈Y金最雄厚、野心最大的游說集團(tuán)之一。” (財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:中慧言-王芳
喬·拜登(Joe Biden)決定放棄參加2024年總統(tǒng)大選,這一決定在全美乃至全世界引起了強(qiáng)烈反響。但關(guān)于誰將接替他成為民主黨領(lǐng)袖的猜測很快被平息,因?yàn)榘莸橇⒓葱贾С指笨偨y(tǒng)卡瑪拉·哈里斯。
雖然哈里斯仍然需要在8月的民主黨全國代表大會(huì)上正式獲得提名,但自拜登出人意料地宣布這一消息以來,最大的焦點(diǎn)已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)向她將選擇誰作為11月的競選伙伴。盡管候選人眾多,但有一個(gè)由強(qiáng)有力的競爭者組成的候選名單,從前宇航員到億萬富翁,不一而足。不過,他們幾乎都有一個(gè)共同點(diǎn):都是來自搖擺州的白人男性。
副總統(tǒng)候選人為哈里斯提供了一個(gè)展示其擔(dān)任總統(tǒng)后可能采取的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的機(jī)會(huì)。與把“拜登經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)”作為其政府標(biāo)志的拜登不同,哈里斯在墮胎和民權(quán)方面的主張比她的商業(yè)立場更為人所知。這正是副總統(tǒng)可能彌補(bǔ)選票不足之處,也是(哈里斯據(jù)稱正在考慮的)參議員和州長們的政策記錄值得研究的原因。
《財(cái)富》雜志為哈里斯編制了一份潛在的副總統(tǒng)候選人名單,根據(jù)他們的政策和政綱,按照對(duì)商業(yè)的友好程度從高到低排名。我們的排名考慮了政策因素,包括減稅、商業(yè)發(fā)展、最低工資、就業(yè)增長和勞動(dòng)力發(fā)展。
馬克·凱利
馬克·凱利曾去過太空并安全返回。華盛頓特區(qū)會(huì)成為這位前宇航員和美國海軍上校的下一站嗎?如果他的商業(yè)友好型履歷能說明什么的話,那答案可能就是肯定的。凱利在約翰·麥凱恩(John McCain)去世后的一次特別選舉中當(dāng)選亞利桑那州參議員,目前在美國國會(huì)聯(lián)合經(jīng)濟(jì)委員會(huì)(Joint Economic Committee)任職,該委員會(huì)負(fù)責(zé)報(bào)告美國的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況以及如何實(shí)現(xiàn)改善。
凱利的商業(yè)友好政策包括:
?為工薪家庭創(chuàng)造高薪工作機(jī)會(huì)、減稅并降低成本
?促進(jìn)本土微芯片生產(chǎn),支持小型企業(yè)發(fā)展
?反對(duì)綠色新政(該新政對(duì)化石燃料公司生存大有助益)(Green New Deal)
德克薩斯基督教大學(xué)(Texas Christian University)政治學(xué)教授基思·加迪(Keith Gaddie)向《財(cái)富》雜志表示:“作為一名亞利桑那州人,凱利可以說是最親商的候選人。他反對(duì)綠色新政,并且主張放松石油開采監(jiān)管。”他反對(duì)綠色新政可能不會(huì)受到所有進(jìn)步人士的歡迎,但能源公司可能會(huì)支持他的立場。
安迪·貝希爾(Andy Beshear)
肯塔基州州長安迪·貝希爾擁有強(qiáng)大的家世。他的父親史蒂夫·貝希爾(Steve Beshear)也曾在2007年至2015年期間擔(dān)任肯塔基州州長。貝希爾是一名律師,此前還擔(dān)任過肯塔基州總檢察長,自2019年底上任州長以來,他一直致力于加強(qiáng)職業(yè)發(fā)展計(jì)劃,為藍(lán)草州(肯塔基州的別稱)帶來更多制造業(yè)、醫(yī)療保健和清潔能源工作崗位,以取代煤炭工作崗位。
他還因推動(dòng)“該州歷史上最佳經(jīng)濟(jì)增長和增加就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)”而受到贊譽(yù)。
據(jù)Axios報(bào)道,盡管當(dāng)被問及如果哈里斯邀請(qǐng)他參加競選,他是否會(huì)答應(yīng)時(shí),他的回答含糊不清,但他仍然有可能成為副總統(tǒng)候選人。他表示:“除了目前的工作之外,我唯一會(huì)考慮其他事情的情況是,我相信自己能進(jìn)一步幫助人民和這個(gè)國家。”德克薩斯基督教大學(xué)的加迪表示,盡管“他激進(jìn)的新冠政策使他被貼上了反商業(yè)的標(biāo)簽,”但貝希爾有很強(qiáng)的親商經(jīng)歷。
貝希爾的商業(yè)友好政策:
?為肯塔基州爭取到超過850項(xiàng)新商業(yè)投資或?qū)崿F(xiàn)現(xiàn)有商業(yè)擴(kuò)張,肯塔基州的人均經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展項(xiàng)目在全美排名第二
?在有工作權(quán)利的州支持工會(huì)
?作為《兩黨基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施法》和《通脹削減法案》的一部分,從美國能源部(U.S. Department of Energy)撥款9億美元,用于五個(gè)關(guān)鍵項(xiàng)目
卡內(nèi)基梅隆大學(xué)海因茨公共政策學(xué)院(Carnegie Mellon University’s Heinz College for public policy)副教授斯泰西?羅森伯格(Stacy Rosenberg)告訴《財(cái)富》雜志:上述能源部資金“預(yù)計(jì)將為肯塔基州提供數(shù)百萬美元的額外商業(yè)投資,并在能源行業(yè)和建筑行業(yè)創(chuàng)造數(shù)千個(gè)就業(yè)崗位。”貝希爾州長對(duì)商業(yè)的關(guān)注以及他在保守派選民中的受歡迎程度都是他參加民主黨競選的有力賣點(diǎn)。
反壟斷組織美國經(jīng)濟(jì)自由項(xiàng)目(American Economic Liberties Project)的州和地方政策主管帕特?加羅法洛(Pat Garofalo)對(duì)貝希爾管理公共資金的能力給予了很高的評(píng)價(jià)。加羅法洛告訴《財(cái)富》雜志,這位肯塔基州州長通過將醫(yī)療補(bǔ)助計(jì)劃從藥品福利管理機(jī)構(gòu)中剝離出來,成功節(jié)省了數(shù)億美元。
JB·普利茲克(JB Pritzker)
你可能知道JB·普利茲克的名字,但不一定是因?yàn)樗且幻渭摇K歉挥械钠绽澘思易宓囊粏T,該家族擁有凱悅連鎖酒店,目前市值超過150億美元。
美國西北大學(xué)(Northwestern University)政治學(xué)教授阿爾文·伯納德·蒂勒里(Alvin Bernard Tillery)在接受哥倫比亞廣播公司新聞網(wǎng)(CBS News)采訪時(shí)表示,這使得普利茲克成為伊利諾伊州首任州長、億萬富翁,同時(shí)也是美國最富有的民選政治家,擁有34億美元的凈資產(chǎn),也是唯一一位“富有到足以自籌資金”的潛在副總統(tǒng)候選人。普利茲克說,雖然拜登退出競選的消息“著實(shí)讓人感到意外”,但他還是支持哈里斯,盡管他曾被列入潛在的總統(tǒng)競選人的非官方候選人名單(如果拜登退出競選的話)。
加迪說:“從經(jīng)驗(yàn)的角度來看,普利茲克的履歷最為豐富,因?yàn)樗酗L(fēng)險(xiǎn)投資背景,而且他的家族擁有凱悅酒店。他的總體政策記錄更偏左,擁有強(qiáng)大的‘綠色’履歷,并支持提高最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 ”
普利茲克的商業(yè)友好政策:
?支持提高最低工資
?支持為小企業(yè)減稅
?在2021年簽署了“里程碑式的立法”,引導(dǎo)伊利諾伊州實(shí)現(xiàn)100%清潔能源
然而,普利茲克掌舵的伊利諾伊州在美國消費(fèi)者新聞與商業(yè)頻道(CNBC)評(píng)選的“最適宜經(jīng)商的州”中僅排在第15位。加迪說:“伊利諾伊州在商業(yè)友好度方面仍然落后于周邊州,也落后于全國增長。”
羅伊·庫珀
羅伊·庫珀擔(dān)任北卡羅來納州的州長,該州在美國全國廣播公司財(cái)經(jīng)頻道的“最適宜經(jīng)商的州”中排名第二(僅次于弗吉尼亞州),因此他一定是做對(duì)了什么事才贏得了這個(gè)令人垂涎的亞軍位置。據(jù)《北卡羅來納州商業(yè)》雜志的報(bào)道,庫珀的任期“將成為該州歷史上就業(yè)和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長最好的任期之一”,在過去的七年里,該州增加了超過55萬個(gè)就業(yè)崗位。他為該州取得的一項(xiàng)重大勝利是與共和黨立法機(jī)構(gòu)合作,將包括蘋果(Apple)和大型汽車制造商在內(nèi)的企業(yè)吸引至北卡羅來納州。
庫珀的商業(yè)友好政策:
?向豐田(Toyota)提供了8億美元的激勵(lì)措施,鼓勵(lì)其在該州建立制造工廠
?為蘋果提供數(shù)億美元的稅收減免,將其吸引到北卡羅來納州的研究三角區(qū)
?支持在2023年擴(kuò)大醫(yī)療補(bǔ)助計(jì)劃
在庫珀的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下,北卡羅來納州的經(jīng)濟(jì)增速持續(xù)超過美國整體水平,失業(yè)率較低,就業(yè)崗位增加。
庫柏還支持更環(huán)保的能源生產(chǎn)。北卡羅來納州商務(wù)部長托尼·科普蘭(Tony Copeland)說,他很可能會(huì)在任期的最后一年“繼續(xù)推動(dòng)太陽能和風(fēng)能的商業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)”。
喬什·夏皮羅(Josh Shapiro)
喬什·夏皮羅是一位“新晉行政長官”,加迪表示,他剛剛在2023年1月?lián)钨e夕法尼亞州州長。但到目前為止,他“表現(xiàn)出兩黨合作的傾向,包括支持擇校倡議,”他補(bǔ)充說。“他希望提高最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn),并專注于勞動(dòng)力發(fā)展。”
夏皮羅的商業(yè)友好倡議:
?2023年,提議將賓夕法尼亞州的最低工資從每小時(shí)7.25美元提高到15美元,同時(shí)到2026年將企業(yè)所得稅從8.99%降低到4.99%
?支持氫能,而且據(jù)《聚焦賓州》報(bào)道,他“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為在保護(hù)環(huán)境和支持能源行業(yè)之間做出選擇是偽二分法”
?承諾賓夕法尼亞州到2050年實(shí)現(xiàn)凈零排放
羅森伯格說,夏皮羅還擁有最“明確界定的經(jīng)濟(jì)平臺(tái)”之一,原因是他的辦公室公布了一項(xiàng)十年戰(zhàn)略計(jì)劃,詳細(xì)說明了他的政府將如何與行業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者合作,并將制定政策為賓夕法尼亞州的企業(yè)“提供更商業(yè)友好、更公平的環(huán)境”。羅森伯格說,這種做法可以幫助他獲得決定不支持特朗普的獨(dú)立選民和共和黨人的支持。
此外,據(jù)《費(fèi)城雜志》報(bào)道,夏皮羅比拜登更受歡迎。加迪說:“他的政績和政綱對(duì)于全國性的民主黨人來說是非常傳統(tǒng)的。”
皮特·布蒂吉格(Pete Buttigieg)
“市長皮特”在2020年競選總統(tǒng)時(shí),曾在咨詢巨頭麥肯錫(McKinsey)工作,后來擔(dān)任印第安納州南本德市市長,因此贏得了“搖擺不定的中左翼”的名聲。但他在擔(dān)任交通部長期間展現(xiàn)出了不同的一面,包括強(qiáng)烈的親消費(fèi)者傾向,這體現(xiàn)在他愿意與航空公司正面交鋒并索取高額罰款上。
除了為拜登政府的大規(guī)模基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資歡呼之外,布蒂吉格還毫不猶豫地對(duì)達(dá)美航空(Delta)和美國航空(American Airlines)等大型航空公司的航班延誤處以罰款。去年,美國交通部向西南航空公司(Southwest Airlines)開出了創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的1.4億美元罰款,原因是該航空公司在2022年假期期間經(jīng)歷了為期一周的航班調(diào)度崩潰。
“他對(duì)西南航空采取的行動(dòng)是有史以來交通部長對(duì)航空公司采取的最嚴(yán)厲的行動(dòng),并向整個(gè)行業(yè)發(fā)出了極端信息。”AELP航空和旅行高級(jí)研究員威廉·麥基(William McGee)說,他之前曾批評(píng)布蒂吉格在拜登任期的前兩年無所作為。
在布蒂吉格的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下,交通部最近敲定了兩項(xiàng)遭到業(yè)界反對(duì)的規(guī)定,要求航空公司對(duì)取消或延誤的航班自動(dòng)退款,并提前披露隨身攜帶物品等物品的額外費(fèi)用。該部門還在事故發(fā)生后積極調(diào)查航空公司,包括本周導(dǎo)致達(dá)美航空航班停飛數(shù)日的技術(shù)故障。
麥基說,毋庸置疑,布蒂吉格對(duì)交通運(yùn)輸?shù)年P(guān)注(僅關(guān)注這一狹窄領(lǐng)域)意味著他的經(jīng)歷比其他競爭者要少,但他堅(jiān)定的親消費(fèi)者立場理應(yīng)傳達(dá)出相應(yīng)信息。
麥基在接受《財(cái)富》雜志采訪時(shí)表示:“在我從事這項(xiàng)工作的這些年里,他已成為我們所見過的對(duì)航空公司最強(qiáng)硬的執(zhí)行者。布蒂吉格有能力對(duì)抗其他行業(yè)嗎?他已經(jīng)證明自己能夠?qū)蛊渲匈Y金最雄厚、野心最大的游說集團(tuán)之一。” (財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:中慧言-王芳
Joe Biden’s choice to drop his bid in the 2024 presidential election on Sunday reverberated across the nation—and the world. But speculation about who would replace him as the leader of the Democratic party was quickly stifled by Biden’s immediate endorsement of Kamala Harris, his vice president.
While Harris will still need to formally clinch the nomination at the Democratic National Convention in August, the biggest focus since Biden’s surprise announcement has been about who she would pick as her running mate on November’s ticket. The possibilities are plentiful, but there’s a shortlist of strong contenders who range from a former astronaut to a billionaire. Nearly all of them have one thing in common, though: being a white man from a swing state.
The VP pick gives Harris an opportunity to show what the economic policies of a Harris presidency might look like. Unlike Biden, who made “Bidenomics” his administration’s signature, Harris is better known for her advocacy around abortion and civil rights than her business stances. That’s where a vice president could potentially fill out the ticket, and why it’s worth examining the policy records of the senators and governors Harris is reportedly considering.
Fortune has compiled a list of potential VP picks for Harris, ranking them on their policies and platforms from being the most business-friendly to the least. Our ranking takes policies into account, including tax cuts, business development, minimum wage, job growth, and workforce development.
Mark Kelly
Mark Kelly has been to space and back. Could Washington, D.C., be the next destination for this former astronaut and U.S. Navy captain? If his business-friendly record shows anything, it could be. Kelly, who won his position as an Arizona senator in a special election after John McCain’s death, serves on the Joint Economic Committee, which is responsible for reporting the economic condition of the U.S. and how to improve it.
Kelly’s business-friendly policies include:
? Creating high-paying jobs, cutting taxes, and lowering costs for working families
? Boosting domestic microchip production and supporting small businesses
? Opposing the Green New Deal, which would help fossil-fuel companies survive
“As an Arizonan, Kelly is arguably the most pro-business candidate,” Keith Gaddie, political science professor at Texas Christian University, tells Fortune. “He doesn’t support the Green New Deal, and has advocated for loosening oil drilling regulations.” His opposition to the Green New Deal may not make him popular among all progressives, but energy companies could favor his position.
Andy Beshear
Kentucky Gov. Andy Beshear has a strong pedigree. His father, Steve Beshear, also served as the democratic governor of Kentucky from 2007 to 2015. Since taking office in late 2019, Beshear—an attorney, who also previously served as Kentucky’s attorney general—has been focused on strengthening workforce development programs and bringing more manufacturing, health care, and clean-energy jobs to replace coal jobs in the Bluegrass State. He’s also been credited with instigating the “best economic growth and job creation in state history.”
Being considered as a VP candidate is still in the cards for Beshear, although he gave a vague response when asked whether he’d say yes if Harris asked: “The only way I would consider something other than this current job is if I believe I could further help my people and to help this country,” he said, according to?Axios. Although “his aggressive COVID policies got him tagged as anti-business,” TCU’s Gaddie says, Beshear has a strong pro-business record.
Beshear’s business-friendly policies:
? Secured more than 850 new business investments or existing business expansions in Kentucky, which ranks No. 2 in the country for economic development projects per capita
? Pro-union in a right-to-work state
? Allocated $900 million from the U.S. Department of Energy as part of the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law and the Inflation Reduction Act to target five key projects
The aforementioned DOE funds are “estimated to provide millions of additional dollars in business investment and to create thousands of energy sector and construction jobs within Kentucky,” Stacy Rosenberg, associate teaching professor at Carnegie Mellon University’s Heinz College for public policy, tells Fortune. “Governor Beshear’s focus on commerce as well as his popularity with conservative voters are strong selling points for him to join the Democratic ticket.”
Beshear also gets high marks for his stewardship of public dollars from Pat Garofalo, director of state and local policy at the American Economic Liberties Project, an anti-monopoly group, who told Fortune that the Kentucky governor was able to save hundreds of millions of dollars on Medicaid by shifting the plan away from pharmacy benefit managers.
JB Pritzker
You might recognize JB Pritzker’s name—but not necessarily for being a politician. He’s a member of the wealthy Pritzker family who owns the Hyatt hotel chain, which has a current market cap north of $15 billion.
This makes Pritzker, the first-term governor of Illinois, a billionaire and the richest elected politician in the U.S. at a $3.4 billion net worth and the only potential VP candidate who is “wealthy enough to self-fund,” Alvin Bernard Tillery, a political science professor at Northwestern University, told?CBS News. Pritzker said while the news of Biden dropping out of the race came as a “genuine surprise,” he endorsed Harris, although he had been on unofficial shortlists for a potential presidential bid should Biden exit.
“From an experience perspective, Pritzker has the strongest resume, given his venture capital background and his family’s ownership of Hyatt,” Gaddie says. “His overall policy record is much more to the left, with a strong ‘green’ resume and backing an increased minimum wage.”
Pritzker’s business-friendly policies:
? Proponent of raising minimum wage
? Supports cutting taxes for small businesses
? Signed “l(fā)andmark legislation” in 2021 steering Illinois toward 100% clean energy
However, Pritzker stands at the helm of Illinois, which is ranked only No. 15 on CNBC’s Top States for Business. “Illinois still lags surrounding states as being business friendly and lags national growth,” Gaddie says.
Roy Cooper
Roy Cooper serves as the governor of North Carolina, ranked No. 2 on CNBC’s Best States to Do Business (only beat out by Virginia), so he must be doing something right to earn that coveted spot. Cooper’s tenure “will go down as one of the best for jobs and economic growth in the state’s history,” according to Business North Carolina, having added more than 550,000 jobs in the past seven years. One of his big wins for the state was working with the GOP legislature to recruit businesses, including Apple and major auto manufacturers, to North Carolina.
Cooper’s business-friendly policies:
? Shepherded $800 million of incentives to Toyota to build manufacturing facilities in the state
? Wooed Apple to North Carolina’s Research Triangle with hundreds of millions in tax breaks
? Supported Medicaid expansion in 2023
Under Cooper, North Carolina has enjoyed a streak of growth surpassing that of the US overall, with lower unemployment and higher job growth.
Cooper also supports more environmentally friendly energy production. It’s likely he’ll spend his last year in office “continuing to promote business opportunities in solar and wind energy,” said Tony Copeland, N.C. Secretary of Commerce.
Josh Shapiro
Josh Shapiro is a “fresh executive,” Gaddie says, having just taken the office of governor of Pennsylvania in January 2023. But so far, he’s “shown bipartisan tendencies including supporting school choice initiatives,” he adds. “He wants a higher minimum wage and is focused on workforce development.”
Shapiro’s business-friendly initiatives:
? In 2023, proposed raising Pennsylvania’s minimum wage from $7.25 to $15 per hour, but also lowering corporate income taxes from 8.99% to 4.99% by 2026
? Pro-hydrogen and has “maintained that the choice between protecting the environment and supporting the energy industry is a false dichotomy,” according to Spotlight PA
? Promised to reach net-zero emissions in Pennsylvania by 2050
Shapiro also has one of the most “clearly defined economic platforms,” Rosenberg says, since his office published a 10-year strategic plan detailing how his administration would partner with industry leaders to “foster policies that offer a more business-friendly, equitable environment” for Pennsylvania businesses. This approach could help him get the independent voters and Republicans who decide not to back Trump, Rosenberg says.
Plus, Shapiro is more popular than Biden, according to Philadelphia Magazine. “His record and platform is highly conventional for a national Democrat,” Gaddie says.
Pete Buttigieg
When “Mayor Pete” ran for president in 2020, he developed a reputation as a wonky center-left type, having worked for consulting powerhouse McKinsey before serving as mayor of South Bend, Indiana. But his tenure as Secretary of Transportation has shown a different side, including a strong pro-consumer streak exemplified by his willingness to go toe-to-toe with airlines and extract hefty penalties.
In addition to cheering the Biden administration’s substantial infrastructure investments, Buttigieg has not hesitated to fine big players like Delta and American Airlines for delays. Last year, the DOT extracted a record $140 million penalty from Southwest Airlines over a weeklong scheduling meltdown the airline experienced over the 2022 holiday season.
“The actions that he took against Southwest were the strongest ever taken by a transportation secretary against an airline, and sent an extreme message to the entire industry,” says William McGee, senior fellow for aviation and travel at AELP, who had been critical of what he called Buttigieg’s inaction in the first two years of Biden’s term.
Under Buttigieg, the DOT recently finalized two rules, opposed by the industry, requiring airlines to issue automatic refunds for canceled or delayed flights and to disclose upfront additional fees for items like carry-ons upfront. The department has also been aggressive in investigating airlines after mishaps, including this week’s tech outage that has grounded Delta flights for days.
To be sure, Buttigieg’s relatively narrow focus on transportation means he has less of a record than other contenders, but his strong pro-consumer stances should send a message, McGee says.
“In all the years I’ve been doing this, he has become the toughest enforcer we’ve seen with the airlines,” he tells Fortune. “Does Buttigieg have the ability to stand up to other industries? He has shown he can stand up to one of the most deep-pocketed and ambitious lobbies out there.”