《滾石》雜志(Rolling Stone)是由簡·溫納在嬉皮士學生時代創辦的傳奇音樂雜志。自20世紀60年代末創刊以來,這本雜志記錄了搖滾明星、尖銳的政治評論和標志性的攝影作品。從1971年年僅11歲的邁克爾·杰克遜(Michael Jackson),到裸體約翰·列儂(John Lennon)摟著小野洋子(Yoko Ono)的封面照片(這張照片如今已成為傳奇,拍攝于約翰·列儂被槍殺前幾小時),該雜志見證了20世紀的重大文化時刻。
但是,這個反主流文化的標志性雜志如今正試圖適應一個與創刊時截然不同的世界——在這一過程中,一些老粉絲為此感到憤怒。
溫納和《舊金山紀事報》(San Francisco Chronicle)的當地記者拉爾夫·J·格里森(Ralph J. Gleason)憑借狂熱創辦了這本雜志,在2000年代,為了在日益壯大的互聯網上保持競爭力,他們提供了一項優惠政策——只需99美元就可以終身訂閱紙質雜志。但這一政策新近被更改了。
5月初,《滾石》的終身訂閱用戶收到了該雜志負責訂閱業務的高級副總裁大衛·羅伯森(David Roberson)的一封信,信中說:“我們正將《滾石》終身訂閱用戶的訂閱方式轉變為數字格式。您收到的最后一期紙質雜志將是2024年6月刊?!彪m然該雜志將繼續印刷紙質雜志,但目前的訂閱者,包括那些購買了99美元終身訂閱服務的用戶,現在將收到電子版雜志,除非他們明確選擇每年60美元的紙質雜志訂閱服務。
信中說,電子版是“你可以在電腦、平板電腦或手機上閱讀的雜志的精確復制品”,每次新刊出版,訂閱者都會收到提醒郵件。他們還可以訪問過去五年的期刊庫。
擁有《滾石》雜志、《視相Variety》、Deadline.com和其他品牌的Penske Media Corporation沒有回應《財富》雜志關于終身訂閱用戶選擇的置評請求,也沒有回應此舉是否意味著其雜志發行將發生更廣泛的變化的置評請求,但這些問題都是許多讀者心中的疑問。
“我母親把它們都保存了下來”
在Reddit的一個論壇上,數百名用戶對這封信和雜志轉向數字化的做法表達了不滿,許多人抱怨協議條款的變更。在許多訂閱者仍然保留著過去幾十年的實體雜志的情況下,提供僅可追溯到五年前的數字目錄的訪問權限更是雪上加霜。
一位用戶寫道:“現在我可以閱讀過往25年的后備目錄。我想繼續閱讀紙質雜志的目錄?!?/p>
另一位用戶寫道:“我母親把它們都保存了下來。我有從1990年到1994年的所有雜志?!绷硪晃挥脩粽f:“我會要求退款,因為他們事后想更改銷售條款。企業需要叫停這樣的做法。”
不過,盡管此舉激怒了訂閱用戶,但可能并不構成違約。美國東北大學(Northeastern University)法學院媒體與法律教授亞歷山德拉·羅伯茨(Alexandra Roberts)告訴Slate:“該雜志的所有權在2017年發生了變更,如果沒有條款要求新所有者遵守終身訂閱用戶的訂購條款,那么新所有者很可能不受終身訂閱協議的約束,因此不構成違約?!?/p>
“沒有理由認為在簽訂合同時這不是一份有效的合同?!彼嬖V該雜志,但補充說,該雜志可能正在計劃所謂的“有效違約”,或是策劃另一種成本更低的違約方案,即支付違約賠償金,而不是繼續按照合同條款進行低利潤運營。
誠然,由于廣告利潤的下降以及紙張和郵寄成本的增加,現在出版紙質雜志的利潤要比幾十年前要低得多。但從印刷到數字的轉變也凸顯了21世紀媒體消費曇花一現的本質。正如實體雜志和書籍在很大程度上被數字拷貝所取代一樣,音樂、電影和節目流媒體服務的興起也取代了實體唱片或視頻。
自2006年成立以來,全球最大的音樂流媒體服務Spotify已經從根本上改變了人們獲取音樂的方式——從收音機和唱片等更貼近實體的聆聽方式,轉變為只需手指輕點幾下就能從數字圖書館(由數百萬首歌曲、播客和有聲讀物組成)立即收聽的方式。
如今,該平臺在全球180多個市場擁有超過6.15億用戶,其中包括2.39億付費用戶,但這些用戶受到Spotify目錄變化的影響,他們獲取音樂的途徑也因平臺與哪些藝人達成或未達成交易而有所不同。而且,對于使用該平臺播放其作品的藝人來說,這種模式的利潤要低得多。Spotify估計,平均每首歌曲給藝人帶來的版稅在0.006到0.008美元之間。
除了價格之外,媒體行業還面臨著持續的挑戰。追蹤裁員情況的全球研究公司Challenger, Gray & Christmas的數據顯示,2023年媒體行業裁員人數超過17436人,這是自2009年以來裁員人數最多的一年(不包括疫情最嚴重時期的裁員)。截至今年1月底,媒體行業新近裁員528人。
除了行業的整體衰退,《滾石》也犯了一些代價高昂的錯誤。也許最引人注目的失誤包括刊登了一篇現已被辟謠的關于弗吉尼亞大學(University of Viriginia)學生涉嫌輪奸的報道,這為2014年一場代價高昂的誹謗之爭鋪平了道路。這也是溫納在2017年和2020年分兩次將溫納傳媒(Wenner Media)(旗下包括《滾石》、《美國周刊》(Us Weekly)和《男性月刊》(Men’s Journal))出售給Penske Media Corporation的原因之一。
在接受《紐約時報》采訪時,溫納表示,他希望找到一位理解《滾石》雜志“在我們這個時代的歷史中,在社會、政治和文化中所扮演的角色”的買家。這個角色顯然不包括安撫長期訂閱但可能無利可圖的用戶。
根據《滾石》雜志發出的信函,終身訂閱用戶將在本月收到最后一期紙質雜志,但信中并未說明如何訂閱紙質雜志。實體版的年訂閱費為60美元,同時訂閱實體版和電子版的費用為120美元,這比終身訂閱用戶一次性支付的99美元要高得多。
除了價格之外,訂閱用戶堅持認為,實體版是有價值的,而他們如今被騙,訂閱協議已不復存在。
一位Reddit用戶寫道:“我在2004年獲得了終身訂閱資格。我把每一期都放在地下室里?!绷硪晃挥脩粽f:“紙質雜志是有價值的,這是我25年前花錢訂購的?!彼€補充說,“很高興聽聞其他人也同樣憤怒?!保ㄘ敻恢形木W)
譯者:中慧言-王芳
《滾石》雜志(Rolling Stone)是由簡·溫納在嬉皮士學生時代創辦的傳奇音樂雜志。自20世紀60年代末創刊以來,這本雜志記錄了搖滾明星、尖銳的政治評論和標志性的攝影作品。從1971年年僅11歲的邁克爾·杰克遜(Michael Jackson),到裸體約翰·列儂(John Lennon)摟著小野洋子(Yoko Ono)的封面照片(這張照片如今已成為傳奇,拍攝于約翰·列儂被槍殺前幾小時),該雜志見證了20世紀的重大文化時刻。
但是,這個反主流文化的標志性雜志如今正試圖適應一個與創刊時截然不同的世界——在這一過程中,一些老粉絲為此感到憤怒。
溫納和《舊金山紀事報》(San Francisco Chronicle)的當地記者拉爾夫·J·格里森(Ralph J. Gleason)憑借狂熱創辦了這本雜志,在2000年代,為了在日益壯大的互聯網上保持競爭力,他們提供了一項優惠政策——只需99美元就可以終身訂閱紙質雜志。但這一政策新近被更改了。
5月初,《滾石》的終身訂閱用戶收到了該雜志負責訂閱業務的高級副總裁大衛·羅伯森(David Roberson)的一封信,信中說:“我們正將《滾石》終身訂閱用戶的訂閱方式轉變為數字格式。您收到的最后一期紙質雜志將是2024年6月刊?!彪m然該雜志將繼續印刷紙質雜志,但目前的訂閱者,包括那些購買了99美元終身訂閱服務的用戶,現在將收到電子版雜志,除非他們明確選擇每年60美元的紙質雜志訂閱服務。
信中說,電子版是“你可以在電腦、平板電腦或手機上閱讀的雜志的精確復制品”,每次新刊出版,訂閱者都會收到提醒郵件。他們還可以訪問過去五年的期刊庫。
擁有《滾石》雜志、《視相Variety》、Deadline.com和其他品牌的Penske Media Corporation沒有回應《財富》雜志關于終身訂閱用戶選擇的置評請求,也沒有回應此舉是否意味著其雜志發行將發生更廣泛的變化的置評請求,但這些問題都是許多讀者心中的疑問。
“我母親把它們都保存了下來”
在Reddit的一個論壇上,數百名用戶對這封信和雜志轉向數字化的做法表達了不滿,許多人抱怨協議條款的變更。在許多訂閱者仍然保留著過去幾十年的實體雜志的情況下,提供僅可追溯到五年前的數字目錄的訪問權限更是雪上加霜。
一位用戶寫道:“現在我可以閱讀過往25年的后備目錄。我想繼續閱讀紙質雜志的目錄?!?/p>
另一位用戶寫道:“我母親把它們都保存了下來。我有從1990年到1994年的所有雜志。”另一位用戶說:“我會要求退款,因為他們事后想更改銷售條款。企業需要叫停這樣的做法?!?/p>
不過,盡管此舉激怒了訂閱用戶,但可能并不構成違約。美國東北大學(Northeastern University)法學院媒體與法律教授亞歷山德拉·羅伯茨(Alexandra Roberts)告訴Slate:“該雜志的所有權在2017年發生了變更,如果沒有條款要求新所有者遵守終身訂閱用戶的訂購條款,那么新所有者很可能不受終身訂閱協議的約束,因此不構成違約?!?/p>
“沒有理由認為在簽訂合同時這不是一份有效的合同。”她告訴該雜志,但補充說,該雜志可能正在計劃所謂的“有效違約”,或是策劃另一種成本更低的違約方案,即支付違約賠償金,而不是繼續按照合同條款進行低利潤運營。
誠然,由于廣告利潤的下降以及紙張和郵寄成本的增加,現在出版紙質雜志的利潤要比幾十年前要低得多。但從印刷到數字的轉變也凸顯了21世紀媒體消費曇花一現的本質。正如實體雜志和書籍在很大程度上被數字拷貝所取代一樣,音樂、電影和節目流媒體服務的興起也取代了實體唱片或視頻。
自2006年成立以來,全球最大的音樂流媒體服務Spotify已經從根本上改變了人們獲取音樂的方式——從收音機和唱片等更貼近實體的聆聽方式,轉變為只需手指輕點幾下就能從數字圖書館(由數百萬首歌曲、播客和有聲讀物組成)立即收聽的方式。
如今,該平臺在全球180多個市場擁有超過6.15億用戶,其中包括2.39億付費用戶,但這些用戶受到Spotify目錄變化的影響,他們獲取音樂的途徑也因平臺與哪些藝人達成或未達成交易而有所不同。而且,對于使用該平臺播放其作品的藝人來說,這種模式的利潤要低得多。Spotify估計,平均每首歌曲給藝人帶來的版稅在0.006到0.008美元之間。
除了價格之外,媒體行業還面臨著持續的挑戰。追蹤裁員情況的全球研究公司Challenger, Gray & Christmas的數據顯示,2023年媒體行業裁員人數超過17436人,這是自2009年以來裁員人數最多的一年(不包括疫情最嚴重時期的裁員)。截至今年1月底,媒體行業新近裁員528人。
除了行業的整體衰退,《滾石》也犯了一些代價高昂的錯誤。也許最引人注目的失誤包括刊登了一篇現已被辟謠的關于弗吉尼亞大學(University of Viriginia)學生涉嫌輪奸的報道,這為2014年一場代價高昂的誹謗之爭鋪平了道路。這也是溫納在2017年和2020年分兩次將溫納傳媒(Wenner Media)(旗下包括《滾石》、《美國周刊》(Us Weekly)和《男性月刊》(Men’s Journal))出售給Penske Media Corporation的原因之一。
在接受《紐約時報》采訪時,溫納表示,他希望找到一位理解《滾石》雜志“在我們這個時代的歷史中,在社會、政治和文化中所扮演的角色”的買家。這個角色顯然不包括安撫長期訂閱但可能無利可圖的用戶。
根據《滾石》雜志發出的信函,終身訂閱用戶將在本月收到最后一期紙質雜志,但信中并未說明如何訂閱紙質雜志。實體版的年訂閱費為60美元,同時訂閱實體版和電子版的費用為120美元,這比終身訂閱用戶一次性支付的99美元要高得多。
除了價格之外,訂閱用戶堅持認為,實體版是有價值的,而他們如今被騙,訂閱協議已不復存在。
一位Reddit用戶寫道:“我在2004年獲得了終身訂閱資格。我把每一期都放在地下室里?!绷硪晃挥脩粽f:“紙質雜志是有價值的,這是我25年前花錢訂購的?!彼€補充說,“很高興聽聞其他人也同樣憤怒。”(財富中文網)
譯者:中慧言-王芳
The pages of Rolling Stone, the legendary music magazine kick-started by Jann Wenner when he was a hippie student, have chronicled rock stars, searing political commentaries, and iconic photography since its inception in the late 1960s. From an 11-year-old Michael Jackson in 1971 to a now-legendary cover photo of a naked John Lennon wrapped around Yoko Ono, shot just hours before the star was shot and killed, the magazine was there for the major cultural moments of the 20th century.
But the counterculture icon is now trying to adapt to a radically different world than the one in which it was founded—and making some longtime fans mad in the process.
The magazine, which Wenner and local journalist Ralph J. Gleason of the San Francisco Chronicle started on a wild hair, offered a sweet deal in the 2000s as it tried to stay competitive with a growing internet—a lifetime subscription to the print magazine for just $99. But that’s just been changed too.
In early May, lifetime subscribers received a letter from David Roberson, the magazine’s senior vice president of subscriptions, stating that “we are transitioning the delivery of Rolling Stone’s lifetime subscribers to a digital format. Your final printed copy will be the June 2024 issue.” While the magazine will continue printing physical editions of the magazine, current subscribers, including those who purchased the $99-for-life deal, will now receive digital copies unless they explicitly choose a print subscription, which costs $60 per year.
The electronic edition, the letter states, is “an exact replica of the magazine you can read on your computer, tablet, or phone,” and subscribers will receive reminder emails each time a new issue is published. They will also be able to access a library of issues from the past five years.
Penske Media Corporation, which owns Rolling Stone along with Variety, Deadline.com, and other brands, did not respond to Fortune’s request for comment on lifetime subscribers’ options, or on whether the move signifies any broader changes in its magazine distribution—but these are questions on many readers’ minds.
‘My mother saved them all’
On one Reddit forum, hundreds of users vented about the letter and the magazine’s switch to digital, many bemoaning the changed terms of the deal. The offer to access a digital catalog that dates back just five years—when many subscribers still have physical editions from past decades—added insult to injury.
“Right now I can read 25 years worth of back catalogue,” one user wrote. “I’d like to continue doing that with physical copies of the magazine.”
Another user wrote, “My mother saved them all. I have every copy from about 1990–1994.” Another said, “I’d be requesting a refund, since they want to change the terms of the sale afterwards. Companies need to stop doing this.”
But while infuriating for subscribers, the move might not constitute a breach of contract. The magazine’s ownership changed in 2017, and without a clause that requires future owners to abide by past terms the lifetime subscribers bought into, “the new owner is probably not bound by the lifetime subscription deal, hence, no breach,” Alexandra Roberts, a professor of media and law at Northeastern University School of Law, told Slate.
“There’s no reason to think this wasn’t a valid contract when it was struck,” she told the publication, but added that the magazine may be planning what’s known as an ‘efficient breach,’ or a scenario in which it’s cheaper to pay the damages of a breached contract rather than continue to operate less profitably under its terms.
Of course, publishing a print magazine is much less profitable now than it was decades ago, thanks to the declining profits from advertising and increased costs of paper and mailing. But the turn away from print to digital also highlights the increasingly fleeting nature of media consumption in the 21st century. Just as physical magazines and books have been largely replaced by digital copies, the rise of streaming services for music, movies, and shows has supplanted owning physical records or videos.
Spotify, the world’s largest music streaming service, has radically changed how people access music since its inception in 2006, chartering the path from more physically rooted modes of listening, like radios and records, to a digital library of millions of tracks, podcasts, and audiobooks that can be listened to instantly with a just few taps of your finger.
Today, the platform has more than 615 million users, including 239 million paid subscribers, in more than 180 markets around the globe—but those users are subject to the whims of Spotify’s catalog, and their access to music varies depending on what artists the platform may have deals with, or not. And the model is far less profitable for artists who use the platform to stream their work—Spotify estimates the average song generates between $0.006 and $0.008 per stream in royalties to artists.
Beyond the price tag, the media industry faces persistent challenges. More than 17,436 media jobs were lost in 2023, which is the highest number of layoffs (excluding layoffs at the height of the pandemic) since 2009, according to data from Challenger, Gray & Christmas, a global research firm that tracks layoffs. As of the end of January this year, there were already 528 new layoffs in the media sector.
Separate from the overall decline of the industry, Rolling Stone has also made some expensive mistakes. Perhaps the most notable mishap includes publishing a now discredited account of a University of Viriginia student’s alleged gang rape, which paved the way to a costly libel battle in 2014. That was one of the drivers of Wenner’s sale of Wenner Media, which encompassed Rolling Stone, Us Weekly, and Men’s Journal, to Penske Media Corporation in two tranches, in 2017 and in 2020.
In an interview with the New York Times, Wenner said he wanted to find a buyer that understands the magazine’s “role in the history of our times, socially and politically and culturally.” That role apparently does not include placating longtime, but likely unprofitable, subscribers.
Lifetime subscribers will receive their final print issue this month, according to the letter sent by Rolling Stone, which did not include instructions on how to subscribe to the print version of the magazine. An annual subscription to physical copies costs $60 per year, and a subscription to both print and digital versions costs $120 per year, which is more than the one-time $99 payment lifetime subscribers paid.
Beyond the price tag, subscribers insist the physical copies have value—and that they’re now being swindled out of their deal.
“I got the lifetime subscription in 2004. I have every issue in my basement,” one Reddit user wrote. Another stated, “The physical issues have value and that is what I paid for 25 years ago,” adding they’re “glad to hear that other people are similarly enraged.”