美國經濟諮商會(Conference Board)的月度報告顯示,美國消費者對經濟的信心三個月來首次上升。有兩個相互矛盾的群體的信心水平最高:一個群體不容易受到經濟焦慮的影響,而另一個群體則往往是經濟焦慮的典型代表。
根據半年平均值,年收入超過10萬美元的富裕人士和35歲以下的年輕人的消費者信心最高。美國經濟諮商會高級經濟學家斯蒂芬妮·吉夏爾對《財富》雜志表示,富裕家庭信心增強可歸因于股市繁榮。而對于年輕人而言,鑒于最近幾個月全美各地的消費者對經濟持負面看法,因此在經濟咨商會的調查中年輕人普遍較高的消費者信心水平顯得更加重要。
即使在經濟諮商會周二的報告中整體消費者信心有所回升,但仍處于2021年以來的最低水平。然而,從許多指標來看,美國經濟狀況良好,肯定好于2021年至2022年疫情引發的經濟低迷時期。通脹率比2022年6月的高點有所回落。當美聯儲采取措施降低通脹時,失業率并沒有像往常一樣飆升。在就業市場上,工資水平仍然相對較高。
消費者可能會承認現在的情況比疫情期間有所好轉,但他們仍然難以看到困擾他們日常生活的生活成本問題得到有效改善。通脹率有所下降,但還沒有恢復到可控的水平,因為食品雜貨店的價格仍然讓顧客大跌眼鏡。抵押貸款利率高得令人望而卻步,上個月達到了7%,使許多人無法擁有自己的住房。
吉夏爾認為,富人信心增強可歸因于股市。吉夏爾表示:“4月份股市下跌,我們看到高收入人群的信心也隨之下降。本月股市反彈,這個群體的消費者信心強勁反彈。”
較富裕群體往往有更多資金被捆綁在市場化投資和金融工具上,這意味著股票價格的任何變化都會對他們的個人財務狀況產生重大影響。今年年初的一份報告發現,美國前10%的家庭擁有93%的股票和共同基金。
如果說富裕階層信心增長的原因是顯而易見的,那么年輕人信心增長的原因仍是個謎。吉夏爾提供的數據顯示,自2023年5月以來,年輕消費者的信心持續增長。吉夏爾在接受采訪時表示,除了“非常罕見的情況”外,自1996年以來情況一直如此。
但這些發現似乎與其他研究的結果背道而馳。咨詢公司德勤(Deloitte)的一份報告發現,Z世代和千禧一代最關心的問題是當前的生活成本。這兩個群體對于這一問題或其他任何經濟挑戰的改善都缺乏信心。根據德勤的調查,只有32%的Z世代和31%的千禧一代表示他們預計“整體經濟形勢會有所好轉”。面對如此嚴重的經濟不確定性,一些千禧一代感到沮喪。即使是能夠更冷靜地面對當前經濟狀況的人,也會覺得靠辛苦工作就能換來安居樂業的“美國夢”,只是一個虛假的承諾。
吉夏爾認為,尚不清楚35歲以下的一些人對經濟有信心的確切原因。其他研究指出了一些可能性。有一種解釋是,當千禧一代得到父母經濟上的幫助時,他們往往對自己的財務狀況感覺更好。千禧一代還將從財富大轉移中受益,他們的嬰兒潮一代父母將為他們留下數目可觀的遺產。這兩種情況都會讓年輕人立即獲得大量現金,但這并不是一種可復制的經濟趨勢。
另一個原因是就業市場依然強勁。失業率僅為3.9%,而且多年來,招聘崗位的數量一直多于可填補這些崗位的人數。這一切意味著,盡管年輕上班族還處于職業發展的初期,但他們也能感覺自己在職業上取得了些許進步。吉夏爾表示,如果有關就業市場的任何樂觀數據出現變化,年輕人可能就會開始對經濟感到不滿。
一些經濟學家預測,這種情況將在今年晚些時候發生,可能會讓看似永遠自信滿滿的年輕消費者都感到失望。(財富中文網)
翻譯:劉進龍
審校:汪皓
美國經濟諮商會的最新數據顯示,年輕人和年收入超過10萬美元的群體對經濟高度樂觀,提振了消費者信心。ALEKSANDAR NAKIC
美國經濟諮商會(Conference Board)的月度報告顯示,美國消費者對經濟的信心三個月來首次上升。有兩個相互矛盾的群體的信心水平最高:一個群體不容易受到經濟焦慮的影響,而另一個群體則往往是經濟焦慮的典型代表。
根據半年平均值,年收入超過10萬美元的富裕人士和35歲以下的年輕人的消費者信心最高。美國經濟諮商會高級經濟學家斯蒂芬妮·吉夏爾對《財富》雜志表示,富裕家庭信心增強可歸因于股市繁榮。而對于年輕人而言,鑒于最近幾個月全美各地的消費者對經濟持負面看法,因此在經濟咨商會的調查中年輕人普遍較高的消費者信心水平顯得更加重要。
即使在經濟諮商會周二的報告中整體消費者信心有所回升,但仍處于2021年以來的最低水平。然而,從許多指標來看,美國經濟狀況良好,肯定好于2021年至2022年疫情引發的經濟低迷時期。通脹率比2022年6月的高點有所回落。當美聯儲采取措施降低通脹時,失業率并沒有像往常一樣飆升。在就業市場上,工資水平仍然相對較高。
消費者可能會承認現在的情況比疫情期間有所好轉,但他們仍然難以看到困擾他們日常生活的生活成本問題得到有效改善。通脹率有所下降,但還沒有恢復到可控的水平,因為食品雜貨店的價格仍然讓顧客大跌眼鏡。抵押貸款利率高得令人望而卻步,上個月達到了7%,使許多人無法擁有自己的住房。
吉夏爾認為,富人信心增強可歸因于股市。吉夏爾表示:“4月份股市下跌,我們看到高收入人群的信心也隨之下降。本月股市反彈,這個群體的消費者信心強勁反彈?!?/p>
較富裕群體往往有更多資金被捆綁在市場化投資和金融工具上,這意味著股票價格的任何變化都會對他們的個人財務狀況產生重大影響。今年年初的一份報告發現,美國前10%的家庭擁有93%的股票和共同基金。
如果說富裕階層信心增長的原因是顯而易見的,那么年輕人信心增長的原因仍是個謎。吉夏爾提供的數據顯示,自2023年5月以來,年輕消費者的信心持續增長。吉夏爾在接受采訪時表示,除了“非常罕見的情況”外,自1996年以來情況一直如此。
但這些發現似乎與其他研究的結果背道而馳。咨詢公司德勤(Deloitte)的一份報告發現,Z世代和千禧一代最關心的問題是當前的生活成本。這兩個群體對于這一問題或其他任何經濟挑戰的改善都缺乏信心。根據德勤的調查,只有32%的Z世代和31%的千禧一代表示他們預計“整體經濟形勢會有所好轉”。面對如此嚴重的經濟不確定性,一些千禧一代感到沮喪。即使是能夠更冷靜地面對當前經濟狀況的人,也會覺得靠辛苦工作就能換來安居樂業的“美國夢”,只是一個虛假的承諾。
吉夏爾認為,尚不清楚35歲以下的一些人對經濟有信心的確切原因。其他研究指出了一些可能性。有一種解釋是,當千禧一代得到父母經濟上的幫助時,他們往往對自己的財務狀況感覺更好。千禧一代還將從財富大轉移中受益,他們的嬰兒潮一代父母將為他們留下數目可觀的遺產。這兩種情況都會讓年輕人立即獲得大量現金,但這并不是一種可復制的經濟趨勢。
另一個原因是就業市場依然強勁。失業率僅為3.9%,而且多年來,招聘崗位的數量一直多于可填補這些崗位的人數。這一切意味著,盡管年輕上班族還處于職業發展的初期,但他們也能感覺自己在職業上取得了些許進步。吉夏爾表示,如果有關就業市場的任何樂觀數據出現變化,年輕人可能就會開始對經濟感到不滿。
一些經濟學家預測,這種情況將在今年晚些時候發生,可能會讓看似永遠自信滿滿的年輕消費者都感到失望。(財富中文網)
翻譯:劉進龍
審校:汪皓
For the first time in three months, consumer confidence in the economy rose, according to the Conference Board’s monthly report. Two paradoxical groups emerged with the highest levels of confidence: One that’s prone to being insulated from economic anxieties. And a second that is often the poster child for them.
Both wealthy individuals making more than $100,000 a year, and young people, defined as those under the age of 35, had the highest degrees of consumer confidence, according to the six-month average. The increase in confidence for wealthier households can be explained by a booming stock market, Conference Board senior economist Stephanie Guichard told Fortune. While for young people the high levels of consumer confidence are common in the Conference Board’s survey have taken on renewed importance given that in recent months consumers across the country have had a largely negative view of the economy lately.
Even after the Conference Board’s uptick in Tuesday’s report, overall consumer confidence is at some of the lowest levels since 2021. And yet, by many metrics the economy is in good condition—certainly better than it was during the pandemic-induced slump of 2021 to 2022. Inflation has come down since the highs of June 2022. The unemployment rate didn’t soar as is customary when the Federal Reserve takes measures to lower inflation. And within the job market, wages are still relatively high.
Consumers might acknowledge things are better than they were during the pandemic, but they still struggle to see meaningful progress on the cost-of-living struggles that plague their everyday lives. Inflation has come down, but isn’t back to manageable levels, as grocery store prices still induce sticker shock for customers. Mortgage rates have become prohibitively high—reaching 7% last month — putting homeownership out of reach for many.
Rising confidence for the wealthy can be attributed to the stock market, according to Guichard. “In April the stock market went down, and we saw high income confidence going down,” Guichard said. “This month the stock market rebounded, and we saw strong rebounding consumer confidence.”
Wealthier people often have more money tied up in market-based investments and instruments, meaning that any change to equity prices can have a major effect on their personal finances. Early this year a report found that the top 10% of households owned 93% of stocks and mutual funds.
If the explanation for why the confidence levels of the affluent grew was clearly identifiable, the reason why young people did remains a mystery. Data provided by Guichard shows that’s been the case since May 2023. And in an interview Guichard said that except for “very rare occasions” that’s been the case since 1996.
But those findings seem to fly in the face of other research. A report from consulting firm Deloitte found the top concerns for both Gen Z and millennials was the current cost of living. Both cohorts had little confidence that or any other economic challenge would improve. Only 32% of Gen Z said they expected the “overall economic situation will improve,” while 31% of millennials said the same, according to Deloitte’s research. Some millennials faced such deep levels of economic uncertainty it was making them depressed. Even those who handled the situation with a cooler head were left feeling like the American Dream—hard work paying off with a life of financial security—had been a false promise.
For Guichard, the exact reason for why some of those under 35 are so confident in the economy is unclear. Other research points to some possibilities. One explanation is that millennials tend to feel better about their finances when they get financial help from their parents. Millennials also stand to benefit from the great wealth transfer, where their boomer parents will leave them sizable inheritances. Both of those would give young people an immediate influx of cash, but that’s hardly a replicable economic trend.
Another explanation is that the job market remains strong. The unemployment rate is just 3.9% and there’s been more open jobs than workers to fill them for years now. All that means even young workers, at the early stages of their careers, feel like they’re able to have some modicum of professional advancement. If any of the promising data points about the job market were to sour then young people might start to sour on the economy, Guichard says.
Based on some economists project that will happen later this year, which could disappoint even the seemingly perpetually confident young consumers.