英偉達(Nvidia Corp.)的股價上漲引起股市關注,使標準普爾500指數(S&P 500)屢創新高。但它也讓人們回想起另外一家備受投資者鐘愛的股票,引領技術變革的夢想令這只股票暴漲,但當希望變成失望時股價暴跌。
這家公司就是特斯拉(Tesla Inc.)。2017年,投資者相信電動汽車將會席卷全世界,特斯拉的股票受到狂熱追捧。當時,埃隆·馬斯克的特斯拉的市值超越了通用汽車(General Motors Co.)、福特汽車(Ford Motor Co.)等傳統汽車廠商,成為美國市值最高的汽車廠商,變成一家現象級公司。有分析師不只著眼于汽車行業,而是把特斯拉稱為“下一個蘋果(Apple Inc.)”。
現在,特斯拉的股價較2021年的最高點下跌了超過50%,而在特斯拉的帶動下上漲的其他電動汽車股票,股價同樣大幅下跌。這應該讓英偉達的投資者冷靜下來。投資者們認為投資英偉達股票就是對人工智能的未來的無限押注。
50 Park Investments公司的創始人及首席執行官亞當·薩蘭在接受采訪時表示:“我們一次又一次地看到當投資者被當下的技術創新理念所吸引時,邏輯就會被拋到一邊。當感性占據上風,股價就有無限上漲空間。”
電動汽車需求增長放緩
從公司生產的產品到公司經營者的個性,英偉達和特斯拉有許多區別。通過對比兩家公司得出的結論是驚人的相似。
英偉達從一家小眾芯片公司發展成為全球規模最大的公司之一,主要源于過去一年現象級的銷售增長具有持續下去的潛力。2020年,特斯拉的股價暴漲使其估值超過1.2萬億美元,股價暴漲的原因是投資者假定電動汽車將會迅速普及,而且特斯拉將會主導電動汽車市場。
但現實卻令人們的假設成空。熱情的先行者已經購買了電動汽車,而更有價格意識且不喜歡改變的消費者接受新技術的時間超出了預期,因此對電動汽車的需求放緩。因此,2023年7月,特斯拉股價較近期的最高點下跌了31%,成為今年納斯達克100指數(Nasdaq 100 Index)跌幅最大的股票之一。
Value Point Capital的負責人薩米爾·巴辛說:“盡管有無人駕駛汽車、Cybertruck等有潛力的項目,但特斯拉的股價正在受到沖擊。為什么呢?它們正在失去市場份額,利潤率下滑。在科技領域,這是致命的打擊。”
對英偉達而言,要從炒作周期中找到任何衰退的跡象仍然為時尚早。位于美國加州圣克拉拉的英偉達連續四個季度業績出色,這主要得益于其芯片需求旺盛。英偉達的芯片被用于訓練驅動OpenAI的ChatGPT等人工智能應用的大語言模型。
2023年,英偉達的股價上漲超過兩倍,2024年上漲66%,依舊是標準普爾500指數中表現最好的一只股票。英偉達的市值突破2萬億美元,僅次于蘋果和微軟(Microsoft Corp.)兩家美國公司。
關于人工智能將在各行各業和不同公司內廣泛應用的說法,讓我們不由回想起互聯網所引起的轟動,以及互聯網泡沫前幾年的盛況。但當時,互聯網公司的估值基于燒錢獲得的“點擊量”等新指標,但英偉達卻產生了巨額利潤。據彭博社(Bloomberg)匯總的數據顯示,2023年,英偉達的凈利潤上漲超過500%,達到近300億美元,預計今年將翻一番。
“人工智能狂熱”
豐厚的利潤和火爆的銷售,再加上公司持續超出預期的能力,將公司的估值指標控制在合理范圍以內。英偉達的市銷率為18,這仍舊是標準普爾500指數中最高的市銷率。
目前,該半導體廠商在圖形芯片領域擁有巨大的領先優勢,該公司的芯片能夠處理人工智能模型中使用的大量數據。但其競爭對手都磨刀霍霍,準備搶占它的市場份額。超微半導體公司(Advanced Micro Devices Inc.)最近發布了一系列加速器產品,就連微軟等英偉達的客戶也在爭相開發芯片。
Value Point Capital的薩米爾·巴辛稱:“如果你真得相信這種人工智能狂熱,你就可以想象一下10年后的未來,到那時人工智能將被應用于諸多領域,而且你需要那些能夠運行只有英偉達可以提供的芯片的大型系統。即使投資者認為會暫停買入,公司的股價就會受到影響。”
這并不意味著要否認電動汽車或人工智能的顛覆能力。但這確實會引發一個問題,那就是投資者是否在為可能永遠無法到來的未來增長買單?例如互聯網泡沫時代的市場寵兒思科系統公司(Cisco Systems Inc.)現在依然是一家成功的公司,但在最高點買入并持有思科股票的投資者,24年后仍然在等待彌補損失。
Longboard Asset Management公司的首席執行官兼資產組合經理柯爾·威爾科克斯說:“之所以存在泡沫,是因為基礎理念是真實的。但真實的宏觀趨勢并不意味著所有公司都是好的投資選擇。你必須有能力區分優劣。”(財富中文網)
譯者:劉進龍
審校:汪皓
英偉達(Nvidia Corp.)的股價上漲引起股市關注,使標準普爾500指數(S&P 500)屢創新高。但它也讓人們回想起另外一家備受投資者鐘愛的股票,引領技術變革的夢想令這只股票暴漲,但當希望變成失望時股價暴跌。
這家公司就是特斯拉(Tesla Inc.)。2017年,投資者相信電動汽車將會席卷全世界,特斯拉的股票受到狂熱追捧。當時,埃隆·馬斯克的特斯拉的市值超越了通用汽車(General Motors Co.)、福特汽車(Ford Motor Co.)等傳統汽車廠商,成為美國市值最高的汽車廠商,變成一家現象級公司。有分析師不只著眼于汽車行業,而是把特斯拉稱為“下一個蘋果(Apple Inc.)”。
現在,特斯拉的股價較2021年的最高點下跌了超過50%,而在特斯拉的帶動下上漲的其他電動汽車股票,股價同樣大幅下跌。這應該讓英偉達的投資者冷靜下來。投資者們認為投資英偉達股票就是對人工智能的未來的無限押注。
50 Park Investments公司的創始人及首席執行官亞當·薩蘭在接受采訪時表示:“我們一次又一次地看到當投資者被當下的技術創新理念所吸引時,邏輯就會被拋到一邊。當感性占據上風,股價就有無限上漲空間。”
電動汽車需求增長放緩
從公司生產的產品到公司經營者的個性,英偉達和特斯拉有許多區別。通過對比兩家公司得出的結論是驚人的相似。
英偉達從一家小眾芯片公司發展成為全球規模最大的公司之一,主要源于過去一年現象級的銷售增長具有持續下去的潛力。2020年,特斯拉的股價暴漲使其估值超過1.2萬億美元,股價暴漲的原因是投資者假定電動汽車將會迅速普及,而且特斯拉將會主導電動汽車市場。
但現實卻令人們的假設成空。熱情的先行者已經購買了電動汽車,而更有價格意識且不喜歡改變的消費者接受新技術的時間超出了預期,因此對電動汽車的需求放緩。因此,2023年7月,特斯拉股價較近期的最高點下跌了31%,成為今年納斯達克100指數(Nasdaq 100 Index)跌幅最大的股票之一。
Value Point Capital的負責人薩米爾·巴辛說:“盡管有無人駕駛汽車、Cybertruck等有潛力的項目,但特斯拉的股價正在受到沖擊。為什么呢?它們正在失去市場份額,利潤率下滑。在科技領域,這是致命的打擊。”
對英偉達而言,要從炒作周期中找到任何衰退的跡象仍然為時尚早。位于美國加州圣克拉拉的英偉達連續四個季度業績出色,這主要得益于其芯片需求旺盛。英偉達的芯片被用于訓練驅動OpenAI的ChatGPT等人工智能應用的大語言模型。
2023年,英偉達的股價上漲超過兩倍,2024年上漲66%,依舊是標準普爾500指數中表現最好的一只股票。英偉達的市值突破2萬億美元,僅次于蘋果和微軟(Microsoft Corp.)兩家美國公司。
關于人工智能將在各行各業和不同公司內廣泛應用的說法,讓我們不由回想起互聯網所引起的轟動,以及互聯網泡沫前幾年的盛況。但當時,互聯網公司的估值基于燒錢獲得的“點擊量”等新指標,但英偉達卻產生了巨額利潤。據彭博社(Bloomberg)匯總的數據顯示,2023年,英偉達的凈利潤上漲超過500%,達到近300億美元,預計今年將翻一番。
“人工智能狂熱”
豐厚的利潤和火爆的銷售,再加上公司持續超出預期的能力,將公司的估值指標控制在合理范圍以內。英偉達的市銷率為18,這仍舊是標準普爾500指數中最高的市銷率。
目前,該半導體廠商在圖形芯片領域擁有巨大的領先優勢,該公司的芯片能夠處理人工智能模型中使用的大量數據。但其競爭對手都磨刀霍霍,準備搶占它的市場份額。超微半導體公司(Advanced Micro Devices Inc.)最近發布了一系列加速器產品,就連微軟等英偉達的客戶也在爭相開發芯片。
Value Point Capital的薩米爾·巴辛稱:“如果你真得相信這種人工智能狂熱,你就可以想象一下10年后的未來,到那時人工智能將被應用于諸多領域,而且你需要那些能夠運行只有英偉達可以提供的芯片的大型系統。即使投資者認為會暫停買入,公司的股價就會受到影響。”
這并不意味著要否認電動汽車或人工智能的顛覆能力。但這確實會引發一個問題,那就是投資者是否在為可能永遠無法到來的未來增長買單?例如互聯網泡沫時代的市場寵兒思科系統公司(Cisco Systems Inc.)現在依然是一家成功的公司,但在最高點買入并持有思科股票的投資者,24年后仍然在等待彌補損失。
Longboard Asset Management公司的首席執行官兼資產組合經理柯爾·威爾科克斯說:“之所以存在泡沫,是因為基礎理念是真實的。但真實的宏觀趨勢并不意味著所有公司都是好的投資選擇。你必須有能力區分優劣。”(財富中文網)
譯者:劉進龍
審校:汪皓
Nvidia Corp.’s rise is captivating the stock market and driving the S&P 500 Index to new highs. But it also raises cautionary reminders of another investor darling that soared on dreams of a technological transformation, only to tumble back to earth when those hopes turned to disappointment.
That stock belongs to Tesla Inc., which sparked its own mania in 2017 as investors bet that electric vehicles were going to take over the world. Back then, Elon Musk’s company was a phenomenon as it blew past established carmakers like General Motors Co. and Ford Motor Co. in market capitalization to become America’s biggest auto manufacturer. Some analysts were looking beyond the industry and calling it “the next Apple Inc.”
Now, Tesla shares are down more than 50% from their 2021 peak, and other EV stocks that raced higher with it are shadows of their former selves. All of which should be sobering for Nvidia investors who see the stock as a limitless bet on an AI future.
“We have seen time and again that when investors fall in love with the idea of the technology innovation du jour, logic takes a back seat” Adam Sarhan, founder and CEO of 50 Park Investments, said in an interview. “And when emotion takes over, sky is the limit.”
EV slowdown
There are plenty of differences between Nvidia and Tesla, from the products they make to the personalities of the men that run the companies. But the parallels are striking.
Nvidia’s rise from niche chipmaker to one of the biggest companies in the world is based on the premise that its phenomenal sales growth over the past year has staying power. Tesla’s big breakout rally, which occurred in 2020 and put its valuation well over $1.2 trillion, was pinned on the assumption that EVs would be adopted widely and quickly, and that it would be the company to dominate that market.
But reality has interrupted that story. Demand for EVs is slowing as the wave of enthusiastic first adopters have already bought, and more price-conscious, change-averse consumers are taking longer than expected to convert to a new technology. As a result, Tesla is down 31% from its recent high last July and is one of the biggest percentage decliners in the Nasdaq 100 Index this year.
“There’s all this potential about the driverless car, the cybertruck and the stock is getting hit. Why? They are losing market share and they are losing margins. In the tech world that is the kiss of death,” said Sameer Bhasin, principal at Value Point Capital.
For Nvidia, it’s too early in the hype cycle for any signs of a slowdown. The Santa Clara, California-based company has delivered blow-out results for four consecutive quarters, fueled by what appears to be insatiable demand for its chips used to train large language models that power AI applications like OpenAI’s ChatGPT.
After more than tripling last year, the stock in 2024 is again the best performer in the S&P 500 Index, with a 66% advance. Its market value of more than $2 trillion trails only two US companies — Apple Inc. and Microsoft Corp.
The talk of broad-based use of AI across industries and businesses brings to mind the excitement around the internet and the years leading into the dot-com bubble. But unlike that era, when internet companies were being valued on new metrics like “clicks” while bleeding cash, Nvidia is pumping out massive profits. Net income jumped more than 500% to nearly $30 billion last year and is projected to double in the current year, according to data compiled by Bloomberg.
“AI frenzy”
Those big profits and sales, along with the company’s ability to continually beat estimates, has helped keep a lid on valuation metrics. Still, Nvidia has the highest price-to-sales ratio in the S&P 500 at 18.
Currently, the semiconductor manufacturer has a sizable lead in the types of graphics chips that excel at crunching large amounts of data used in AI models. But its competitors are eager to grab a piece of that market. Advanced Micro Devices Inc. recently released a line of accelerators, and even Nvidia’s customers like Microsoft Corp. are racing to develop chips.
“If you really believe in this AI frenzy, you can visualize a future 10 years from now where AI is embedded in a lot of places, and you need these massive systems running chips that can only be delivered by Nvidia,” said Sameer Bhasin, principal at Value Point Capital. “Even if there’s a perception of a pause in buying, the stock will get hit.”
None of this is meant to dismiss the disruptive power of electric cars or AI. But it does raise the question of whether investors are paying for a future growth that may never arrive? Just as a market darling of the dot-com era, Cisco Systems Inc., is still a successful company, but investors who bought the stock around its peak and held on are still waiting to recoup their losses — 24 years later.
“The bubble exists because the underlying idea is real,” said Cole Wilcox, CEO and portfolio manager at Longboard Asset Management. “But just because the general macro wave is real, it doesn’t mean that all of these ventures are going to turn out to be good investments. You will have to be able to separate the winners from the losers.”