隨著抵押貸款利率的小幅下降,美國(guó)房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)好轉(zhuǎn)。上周四,Zillow調(diào)整了其對(duì)2024年房?jī)r(jià)的預(yù)期。Zillow之前預(yù)測(cè)今年房?jī)r(jià)將與去年持平,但現(xiàn)在預(yù)測(cè)今年房?jī)r(jià)將上漲3.7%。
Zillow表示,其預(yù)期調(diào)整是基于“外部因素“,包括抵押貸款利率的下降和美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)(Federal Reserve)對(duì)通脹前景的改善。換言之,預(yù)期調(diào)整的依據(jù)并不是房屋本身構(gòu)成或購(gòu)房者活動(dòng)出現(xiàn)了大的變化,比如某種庫(kù)存的激增或賣方市場(chǎng)突然轉(zhuǎn)為買方市場(chǎng)。Zillow高級(jí)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家妮可?巴肖對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志表示,最近抵押貸款利率的下降意味著,現(xiàn)在一套普通住房的新發(fā)放抵押貸款月供是1,790美元,比2023年10月減少了413美元。
她表示:“如果今年春季利率依然維持在較低水平,使更多的買家有能力買房,這將加劇競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。”通脹前景的改善可能意味著抵押貸款利率“離開(kāi)峰值并小幅下降”,這“也會(huì)讓買家和賣家都回到市場(chǎng),給房?jī)r(jià)帶來(lái)一些上行壓力”。
Redfin上周四也報(bào)告稱,在截至1月21日的四周時(shí)間內(nèi),房?jī)r(jià)上漲了5.1%,要價(jià)上漲了6.5%,均創(chuàng)下自2022年10月以來(lái)的最大漲幅。然而,Redfin首席經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家達(dá)里爾?費(fèi)爾韋瑟對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志表示,Redfin預(yù)測(cè)2024年第二季度和第三季度房?jī)r(jià)將同比下降1%,這意味著房?jī)r(jià)自2012年以來(lái)將出現(xiàn)首次下跌。
她還指出,“然而,市場(chǎng)存在諸多不確定性。雖然我認(rèn)為房?jī)r(jià)下跌的可能性比房?jī)r(jià)上漲的可能性更大,但房?jī)r(jià)上漲仍有可能。”
歷史房?jī)r(jià)漲幅
巴肖表示,雖然Zillow預(yù)測(cè)今年房?jī)r(jià)將出現(xiàn)上漲,但3.7%實(shí)際上是比較正常的漲幅。
她表示,“自2020年以來(lái),房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)歷了更大幅度的房?jī)r(jià)上漲和下跌。房?jī)r(jià)在未來(lái)一年達(dá)到3.7%的漲幅預(yù)期,房?jī)r(jià)上漲水平才更符合市場(chǎng)的歷史常態(tài)。”她將歷史常態(tài)定義為3%至5%的漲幅。
事實(shí)上,巴肖向買家保證,房?jī)r(jià)可能不會(huì)再出現(xiàn)疫情期間那樣的漲幅。
她表示:“雖然我們預(yù)計(jì)房?jī)r(jià)會(huì)出現(xiàn)上漲,但不會(huì)加速上漲至疫情期間的高點(diǎn)。對(duì)2024年房?jī)r(jià)漲幅3.7%的預(yù)測(cè)與歷史上的房?jī)r(jià)漲幅水平一致,所以我們不認(rèn)為這種漲幅是房?jī)r(jià)的‘抬高’。”
其他值得關(guān)注的房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)因素
雖然Zillow上周四做出的預(yù)期修正主要是受抵押貸款利率下降和通脹前景改善的影響,但可能還存在其他房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)因素會(huì)推動(dòng)房?jī)r(jià)變動(dòng)。
巴肖表示:“過(guò)去幾年,房屋庫(kù)存一直是推動(dòng)房?jī)r(jià)變動(dòng)的關(guān)鍵因素。由于庫(kù)存非常有限,而需求卻居高不下,房?jī)r(jià)出現(xiàn)了飆升。”
她補(bǔ)充道,但在2024年,一些新的庫(kù)存開(kāi)始進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)。其中包括進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)的現(xiàn)有住宅,這些住宅的房主“感覺(jué)終于從極端的抵押貸款利率中‘解脫’了”。極端的抵押貸款利率導(dǎo)致了鎖定效應(yīng)。這種現(xiàn)象指房主維持著原來(lái)的狀態(tài),避免再次進(jìn)入抵押貸款利率高于他們之前經(jīng)歷過(guò)的市場(chǎng)。她還將庫(kù)存增加歸因于2021年和2022年的“建筑熱潮”,因?yàn)檫@些房屋現(xiàn)在終于進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)。
她表示:“庫(kù)存的增加將有助于抵消市場(chǎng)上的部分需求,并有助于保持房?jī)r(jià)與歷史漲幅一致,而不是快速增長(zhǎng)。”
費(fèi)爾韋瑟提醒購(gòu)房者,1月份的庫(kù)存通常很低。她表示,Redfin也預(yù)測(cè),隨著抵押貸款利率鎖定效應(yīng)的緩解,新掛牌上市房屋的數(shù)量將“從2023年的歷史低點(diǎn)攀升”。
費(fèi)爾韋瑟表示,抵押貸款利率確實(shí)是推動(dòng)房?jī)r(jià)上漲的最大因素。如果抵押貸款利率真的下降,將有更多購(gòu)房者進(jìn)入市場(chǎng),這將導(dǎo)致競(jìng)爭(zhēng)并推高房?jī)r(jià)。
她補(bǔ)充道,“如果通脹的緩解速度快于預(yù)期,抵押貸款利率可能會(huì)下降。相反,如果通脹卷土重來(lái)(可能由于全球沖突),抵押貸款利率可能會(huì)上升。”(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
翻譯:郝秀
審校:汪皓
隨著抵押貸款利率的小幅下降,美國(guó)房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)開(kāi)始出現(xiàn)好轉(zhuǎn)。上周四,Zillow調(diào)整了其對(duì)2024年房?jī)r(jià)的預(yù)期。Zillow之前預(yù)測(cè)今年房?jī)r(jià)將與去年持平,但現(xiàn)在預(yù)測(cè)今年房?jī)r(jià)將上漲3.7%。
Zillow表示,其預(yù)期調(diào)整是基于“外部因素“,包括抵押貸款利率的下降和美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)(Federal Reserve)對(duì)通脹前景的改善。換言之,預(yù)期調(diào)整的依據(jù)并不是房屋本身構(gòu)成或購(gòu)房者活動(dòng)出現(xiàn)了大的變化,比如某種庫(kù)存的激增或賣方市場(chǎng)突然轉(zhuǎn)為買方市場(chǎng)。Zillow高級(jí)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家妮可?巴肖對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志表示,最近抵押貸款利率的下降意味著,現(xiàn)在一套普通住房的新發(fā)放抵押貸款月供是1,790美元,比2023年10月減少了413美元。
她表示:“如果今年春季利率依然維持在較低水平,使更多的買家有能力買房,這將加劇競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。”通脹前景的改善可能意味著抵押貸款利率“離開(kāi)峰值并小幅下降”,這“也會(huì)讓買家和賣家都回到市場(chǎng),給房?jī)r(jià)帶來(lái)一些上行壓力”。
Redfin上周四也報(bào)告稱,在截至1月21日的四周時(shí)間內(nèi),房?jī)r(jià)上漲了5.1%,要價(jià)上漲了6.5%,均創(chuàng)下自2022年10月以來(lái)的最大漲幅。然而,Redfin首席經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家達(dá)里爾?費(fèi)爾韋瑟對(duì)《財(cái)富》雜志表示,Redfin預(yù)測(cè)2024年第二季度和第三季度房?jī)r(jià)將同比下降1%,這意味著房?jī)r(jià)自2012年以來(lái)將出現(xiàn)首次下跌。
她還指出,“然而,市場(chǎng)存在諸多不確定性。雖然我認(rèn)為房?jī)r(jià)下跌的可能性比房?jī)r(jià)上漲的可能性更大,但房?jī)r(jià)上漲仍有可能。”
歷史房?jī)r(jià)漲幅
巴肖表示,雖然Zillow預(yù)測(cè)今年房?jī)r(jià)將出現(xiàn)上漲,但3.7%實(shí)際上是比較正常的漲幅。
她表示,“自2020年以來(lái),房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)歷了更大幅度的房?jī)r(jià)上漲和下跌。房?jī)r(jià)在未來(lái)一年達(dá)到3.7%的漲幅預(yù)期,房?jī)r(jià)上漲水平才更符合市場(chǎng)的歷史常態(tài)。”她將歷史常態(tài)定義為3%至5%的漲幅。
事實(shí)上,巴肖向買家保證,房?jī)r(jià)可能不會(huì)再出現(xiàn)疫情期間那樣的漲幅。
她表示:“雖然我們預(yù)計(jì)房?jī)r(jià)會(huì)出現(xiàn)上漲,但不會(huì)加速上漲至疫情期間的高點(diǎn)。對(duì)2024年房?jī)r(jià)漲幅3.7%的預(yù)測(cè)與歷史上的房?jī)r(jià)漲幅水平一致,所以我們不認(rèn)為這種漲幅是房?jī)r(jià)的‘抬高’。”
其他值得關(guān)注的房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)因素
雖然Zillow上周四做出的預(yù)期修正主要是受抵押貸款利率下降和通脹前景改善的影響,但可能還存在其他房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)因素會(huì)推動(dòng)房?jī)r(jià)變動(dòng)。
巴肖表示:“過(guò)去幾年,房屋庫(kù)存一直是推動(dòng)房?jī)r(jià)變動(dòng)的關(guān)鍵因素。由于庫(kù)存非常有限,而需求卻居高不下,房?jī)r(jià)出現(xiàn)了飆升。”
她補(bǔ)充道,但在2024年,一些新的庫(kù)存開(kāi)始進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)。其中包括進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)的現(xiàn)有住宅,這些住宅的房主“感覺(jué)終于從極端的抵押貸款利率中‘解脫’了”。極端的抵押貸款利率導(dǎo)致了鎖定效應(yīng)。這種現(xiàn)象指房主維持著原來(lái)的狀態(tài),避免再次進(jìn)入抵押貸款利率高于他們之前經(jīng)歷過(guò)的市場(chǎng)。她還將庫(kù)存增加歸因于2021年和2022年的“建筑熱潮”,因?yàn)檫@些房屋現(xiàn)在終于進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)。
她表示:“庫(kù)存的增加將有助于抵消市場(chǎng)上的部分需求,并有助于保持房?jī)r(jià)與歷史漲幅一致,而不是快速增長(zhǎng)。”
費(fèi)爾韋瑟提醒購(gòu)房者,1月份的庫(kù)存通常很低。她表示,Redfin也預(yù)測(cè),隨著抵押貸款利率鎖定效應(yīng)的緩解,新掛牌上市房屋的數(shù)量將“從2023年的歷史低點(diǎn)攀升”。
費(fèi)爾韋瑟表示,抵押貸款利率確實(shí)是推動(dòng)房?jī)r(jià)上漲的最大因素。如果抵押貸款利率真的下降,將有更多購(gòu)房者進(jìn)入市場(chǎng),這將導(dǎo)致競(jìng)爭(zhēng)并推高房?jī)r(jià)。
她補(bǔ)充道,“如果通脹的緩解速度快于預(yù)期,抵押貸款利率可能會(huì)下降。相反,如果通脹卷土重來(lái)(可能由于全球沖突),抵押貸款利率可能會(huì)上升。”(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
翻譯:郝秀
審校:汪皓
Just as things had started looking up for the U.S. housing market, with mortgage rates dropping modestly, on Thursday Zillow revised its outlook for home prices in 2024. Its previous forecast had called for home prices to stay flat this year, but now it sees home values rising 3.7% this year.
Zillow said its revision is based on “external factors,” including a decline in mortgage rates and an improved inflation outlook from the Federal Reserve. In other words, it’s not a big change within the composition of housing itself or the activity of homebuyers—like some kind of huge rush of inventory or a sellers’ market suddenly morphing into a buyers’ market. The recent decline in mortgage rates means that monthly payments on a new mortgage for a typical home are now $1,790, which is $413 cheaper than in October 2023, Zillow senior economist Nicole Bachaud tells Fortune.
“This unlocks some more buyers to be able to shop for a home if rates stay lower this spring, which will increase competition,” she says. An improved inflation outlook could mean mortgage rates “staying off their peaks and floating down to a small degree,” which would “also bring both buyers and sellers back to the market, putting some upward pressure on home prices.”
Redfin also reported on Thursday that home prices were up 5.1% during the four weeks ended Jan. 21, the biggest increase since October 2022. Asking prices were up 6.5%, also the largest jump since October 2022. However, Redfin predicts a 1% decline in home prices year over year in the second and third quarters of 2024, marking the first time prices would decline since 2012, chief economist Daryl Fairweather tells Fortune.
“However, there is much uncertainty,” she notes. “Although I think a price decline is more likely than a price increase, a price increase is still possible.”
Historical home price increases
Although Zillow predicts that home prices will increase this year, 3.7% appreciation is actually somewhat normal, Bachaud says.
“Since 2020, the housing market experienced far wider ranges of home price growth and declines,” she says. “By moving to an expected 3.7% in the year ahead, appreciation is more in line with the market’s historical norms.” She defines historical norms as a 3% to 5% increase.
In fact, Bachaud assures buyers that home prices likely will not see pandemic-type growth again.
“While we are expecting to see prices rise, we are not expecting home prices to accelerate to the highs we experienced during the pandemic,” she says. “The 3.7% forecast for the next year is in line with historical housing appreciation levels, so we wouldn’t consider this movement a ‘drive up’ in prices.”
Other housing market factors to watch
While Zillow’s revision on Thursday was mostly driven by mortgage rate declines and an improved inflation outlook, there are other housing market factors that could drive changes in home prices.
“Housing inventory has been a key player in home price movements over the past few years,” Bachaud says. “With such limited inventory and an unrelenting level of demand, prices took off.”
But 2024 has started to show some new inventory entering the market, she adds. This includes existing homes going on the market from homeowners who are “finally feeling ‘unlocked’” from extreme mortgage rates, which caused a lock-in effect. This phenomenon showed current homeowners staying in place to avoid reentering a market with mortgage rates higher than what they had previously experienced. She also credits a “building boom” in 2021 and 2022 for an increase in inventory because those homes are now finally making their way to the market.
“This increased inventory will help to offset some of the demand in the market and will help to keep prices in line with historical appreciation instead of rapidly accelerating,” she says.
Inventory is typically low in January, Fairweather reminds buyers. But Redfin also predicts that the number of new listings will “climb from its record low in 2023 as the mortgage rate lock-in effect eases,” she says.
Still, mortgage rates are really the biggest factor driving home prices, Fairweather says. If mortgage rates do fall, then more homebuyers will enter the market, which creates competition and drives up home prices.
And “mortgage rates could fall if inflation eases faster than expected,” she adds. “Conversely, if inflation makes a comeback, possibly due to global conflicts, mortgage rates might increase.”