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對(duì)加密貨幣交易所幣安的打擊終于來了,內(nèi)幕曝光

趙長鵬一直堅(jiān)稱,作為一家去中心化的公司,幣安沒有總部。

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幣安創(chuàng)始人兼首席執(zhí)行官趙長鵬(“CZ”)。圖片來源:PIARAS ó MíDHEACH—SPORTSFILE/WEB SUMMIT/GETTY IMAGES

美國商品期貨交易委員會(huì)(Commodity Futures Trading Commission)對(duì)幣安提起了一項(xiàng)新的民事訴訟,指控這家加密貨幣巨頭犯有一系列罪名,包括未能注冊(cè)其衍生產(chǎn)品,未能有效阻止或限制位于美國的客戶訪問其平臺(tái)。這項(xiàng)訴訟還涉及該公司高管涉嫌犯罪活動(dòng)的具體細(xì)節(jié),美國商品期貨交易委員會(huì)指控這些高管知情并參與了犯罪交易。

“在公司內(nèi)部,幣安高管、員工和代理人承認(rèn),幣安平臺(tái)為潛在的非法活動(dòng)提供了便利。” 美國商品期貨交易委員會(huì)在起訴書中寫道,并提到了前首席合規(guī)官塞繆爾·林(Samuel Lim)和另一名同事在2019年2月進(jìn)行的對(duì)話(關(guān)于與激進(jìn)的恐怖組織哈馬斯[Hamas]進(jìn)行交易)。據(jù)稱,林告訴這名同事,恐怖分子通常會(huì)以“小額資金”形式進(jìn)行交易,因?yàn)椤按箢~資金會(huì)構(gòu)成洗錢”。這位同事回應(yīng)說:“600美元都買不到一把AK47自動(dòng)步槍。”

根據(jù)起訴書,林還在2020年2月承認(rèn),幣安的一些客戶,包括來自俄羅斯的客戶,參與了非法活動(dòng)。林在關(guān)于這些交易的聊天信息中寫道:“來吧。他們來這就是為了犯罪。”幣安的洗錢報(bào)告官當(dāng)時(shí)回應(yīng)說,“我們看到了非法交易,但我們選擇視而不見。”

根據(jù)起訴書,在另一個(gè)例子中,據(jù)稱幣安的一名員工在2020年7月要求林和另一名同事刪除一名客戶,該客戶在“可疑服務(wù)”(被認(rèn)為是非法的)上的采購金額超過500萬美元。林在回復(fù)該員工時(shí)寫道:

“要讓他注意資金流動(dòng)情況,尤其是來自暗網(wǎng)的資金

如俄羅斯大型暗網(wǎng)hydra

他可以開立一個(gè)新賬戶

但必須放棄現(xiàn)在這個(gè)賬戶,這個(gè)賬戶已經(jīng)被污染了。”

幣安的一位發(fā)言人告訴《財(cái)富》雜志,這一起訴令該公司感到意外。

“美國商品期貨交易委員會(huì)提起訴訟讓人出乎意料,也令人失望,因?yàn)槲覀円呀?jīng)與美國商品期貨交易委員會(huì)合作了兩年多。盡管如此,我們打算繼續(xù)與美國和世界各地的監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)合作。”幣安的發(fā)言人表示。

該發(fā)言人表示:“我們?cè)谶^去兩年里進(jìn)行了大量投資,以確保我們平臺(tái)上沒有活躍的美國用戶。在此期間,我們的合規(guī)團(tuán)隊(duì)從約100人發(fā)展到今天的約750名核心和支持合規(guī)人員,其中近80人具有執(zhí)法或監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)工作經(jīng)驗(yàn),約260人具有合規(guī)專業(yè)證書。”

除了最近美國商品期貨交易委員會(huì)提起訴訟外,自2018年以來,幣安一直因涉嫌違反美國合規(guī)法律、反洗錢規(guī)定與金融制裁而接受美國司法部的調(diào)查。據(jù)《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》上個(gè)月報(bào)道,這家加密貨幣交易所可能準(zhǔn)備繳納超過10億美元的和解金。

對(duì)幣安的打擊是在加密交易所FTX去年倒閉后進(jìn)行的。FTX的首席執(zhí)行官薩姆·班克曼-弗里德(Sam Bankman-Fried)此后面臨多項(xiàng)刑事指控,正在等待審判。美國證券交易委員會(huì)主席加里·根斯勒(Gary Gensler)在過去幾個(gè)月對(duì)加密貨幣行業(yè)采取了更強(qiáng)硬的態(tài)度。去年12月,他將加密貨幣公司與賭場(chǎng)相提并論,并表示加密貨幣公司需要“遵守我們經(jīng)過時(shí)間考驗(yàn)的法律”。

除了幣安高管之間的聊天細(xì)節(jié)外,美國商品期貨交易委員會(huì)的起訴書主要指控該公司未能就其在美國的工作細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行溝通,并且違反了合規(guī)規(guī)則。美國商品期貨交易委員會(huì)還聲稱在運(yùn)營的前兩年,該公司“沒有采取任何措施阻止或限制美國客戶在平臺(tái)上進(jìn)行交易”。根據(jù)起訴書,即使幣安在2019年更新了使用條款,阻止美國用戶訪問其交易平臺(tái),但美國用戶還是可以利用包括虛擬專用網(wǎng)絡(luò)(VPN)在內(nèi)的漏洞訪問這些網(wǎng)站。美國商品期貨交易委員會(huì)進(jìn)一步聲稱,首席執(zhí)行官趙長鵬和林都十分清楚這些漏洞的存在,并且在2020年,也就是幣安更新其使用條款一年后,其近18%的客戶群仍然位于美國,并引用了該公司的收入報(bào)告。

起訴書還指控幣安故意混淆其結(jié)構(gòu),稱該公司依賴于“公司實(shí)體的迷宮”,這些實(shí)體被用來 “模糊幣安平臺(tái)的所有權(quán)、控制權(quán)和所在地”。根據(jù)起訴書,幣安的產(chǎn)品包括網(wǎng)站和移動(dòng)應(yīng)用程序,其中一些是獨(dú)立運(yùn)營的。根據(jù)起訴書,幣安非常有效地隱藏了其運(yùn)營結(jié)構(gòu)和公司所在地,“它甚至迷惑了自己的首席戰(zhàn)略官”,去年他誤稱幣安是一家“加拿大”公司,后來被發(fā)言人更正。趙長鵬一直堅(jiān)稱,作為一家去中心化的公司,幣安沒有總部。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:中慧言-王芳

美國商品期貨交易委員會(huì)(Commodity Futures Trading Commission)對(duì)幣安提起了一項(xiàng)新的民事訴訟,指控這家加密貨幣巨頭犯有一系列罪名,包括未能注冊(cè)其衍生產(chǎn)品,未能有效阻止或限制位于美國的客戶訪問其平臺(tái)。這項(xiàng)訴訟還涉及該公司高管涉嫌犯罪活動(dòng)的具體細(xì)節(jié),美國商品期貨交易委員會(huì)指控這些高管知情并參與了犯罪交易。

“在公司內(nèi)部,幣安高管、員工和代理人承認(rèn),幣安平臺(tái)為潛在的非法活動(dòng)提供了便利。” 美國商品期貨交易委員會(huì)在起訴書中寫道,并提到了前首席合規(guī)官塞繆爾·林(Samuel Lim)和另一名同事在2019年2月進(jìn)行的對(duì)話(關(guān)于與激進(jìn)的恐怖組織哈馬斯[Hamas]進(jìn)行交易)。據(jù)稱,林告訴這名同事,恐怖分子通常會(huì)以“小額資金”形式進(jìn)行交易,因?yàn)椤按箢~資金會(huì)構(gòu)成洗錢”。這位同事回應(yīng)說:“600美元都買不到一把AK47自動(dòng)步槍。”

根據(jù)起訴書,林還在2020年2月承認(rèn),幣安的一些客戶,包括來自俄羅斯的客戶,參與了非法活動(dòng)。林在關(guān)于這些交易的聊天信息中寫道:“來吧。他們來這就是為了犯罪。”幣安的洗錢報(bào)告官當(dāng)時(shí)回應(yīng)說,“我們看到了非法交易,但我們選擇視而不見。”

根據(jù)起訴書,在另一個(gè)例子中,據(jù)稱幣安的一名員工在2020年7月要求林和另一名同事刪除一名客戶,該客戶在“可疑服務(wù)”(被認(rèn)為是非法的)上的采購金額超過500萬美元。林在回復(fù)該員工時(shí)寫道:

“要讓他注意資金流動(dòng)情況,尤其是來自暗網(wǎng)的資金

如俄羅斯大型暗網(wǎng)hydra

他可以開立一個(gè)新賬戶

但必須放棄現(xiàn)在這個(gè)賬戶,這個(gè)賬戶已經(jīng)被污染了。”

幣安的一位發(fā)言人告訴《財(cái)富》雜志,這一起訴令該公司感到意外。

“美國商品期貨交易委員會(huì)提起訴訟讓人出乎意料,也令人失望,因?yàn)槲覀円呀?jīng)與美國商品期貨交易委員會(huì)合作了兩年多。盡管如此,我們打算繼續(xù)與美國和世界各地的監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)合作。”幣安的發(fā)言人表示。

該發(fā)言人表示:“我們?cè)谶^去兩年里進(jìn)行了大量投資,以確保我們平臺(tái)上沒有活躍的美國用戶。在此期間,我們的合規(guī)團(tuán)隊(duì)從約100人發(fā)展到今天的約750名核心和支持合規(guī)人員,其中近80人具有執(zhí)法或監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)工作經(jīng)驗(yàn),約260人具有合規(guī)專業(yè)證書。”

除了最近美國商品期貨交易委員會(huì)提起訴訟外,自2018年以來,幣安一直因涉嫌違反美國合規(guī)法律、反洗錢規(guī)定與金融制裁而接受美國司法部的調(diào)查。據(jù)《華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)》上個(gè)月報(bào)道,這家加密貨幣交易所可能準(zhǔn)備繳納超過10億美元的和解金。

對(duì)幣安的打擊是在加密交易所FTX去年倒閉后進(jìn)行的。FTX的首席執(zhí)行官薩姆·班克曼-弗里德(Sam Bankman-Fried)此后面臨多項(xiàng)刑事指控,正在等待審判。美國證券交易委員會(huì)主席加里·根斯勒(Gary Gensler)在過去幾個(gè)月對(duì)加密貨幣行業(yè)采取了更強(qiáng)硬的態(tài)度。去年12月,他將加密貨幣公司與賭場(chǎng)相提并論,并表示加密貨幣公司需要“遵守我們經(jīng)過時(shí)間考驗(yàn)的法律”。

除了幣安高管之間的聊天細(xì)節(jié)外,美國商品期貨交易委員會(huì)的起訴書主要指控該公司未能就其在美國的工作細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行溝通,并且違反了合規(guī)規(guī)則。美國商品期貨交易委員會(huì)還聲稱在運(yùn)營的前兩年,該公司“沒有采取任何措施阻止或限制美國客戶在平臺(tái)上進(jìn)行交易”。根據(jù)起訴書,即使幣安在2019年更新了使用條款,阻止美國用戶訪問其交易平臺(tái),但美國用戶還是可以利用包括虛擬專用網(wǎng)絡(luò)(VPN)在內(nèi)的漏洞訪問這些網(wǎng)站。美國商品期貨交易委員會(huì)進(jìn)一步聲稱,首席執(zhí)行官趙長鵬和林都十分清楚這些漏洞的存在,并且在2020年,也就是幣安更新其使用條款一年后,其近18%的客戶群仍然位于美國,并引用了該公司的收入報(bào)告。

起訴書還指控幣安故意混淆其結(jié)構(gòu),稱該公司依賴于“公司實(shí)體的迷宮”,這些實(shí)體被用來 “模糊幣安平臺(tái)的所有權(quán)、控制權(quán)和所在地”。根據(jù)起訴書,幣安的產(chǎn)品包括網(wǎng)站和移動(dòng)應(yīng)用程序,其中一些是獨(dú)立運(yùn)營的。根據(jù)起訴書,幣安非常有效地隱藏了其運(yùn)營結(jié)構(gòu)和公司所在地,“它甚至迷惑了自己的首席戰(zhàn)略官”,去年他誤稱幣安是一家“加拿大”公司,后來被發(fā)言人更正。趙長鵬一直堅(jiān)稱,作為一家去中心化的公司,幣安沒有總部。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:中慧言-王芳

A new civil suit against Binance filed by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission accuses the crypto giant of a slew of counts, including failing to register its derivative products and failing to fence off its services from U.S. customers. But it’s also filled with specific details about alleged criminal activity from the top officers of the company, who the CFTC accuses of knowing about and engaging in criminal transactions.

“Internally, Binance officers, employees, and agents have acknowledged that the Binance platform has facilitated potentially illegal activities,” the CFTC’s complaint reads, citing the example of a conversation between former Chief Compliance Officer Samuel Lim and another colleague in February 2019 about a transaction with Hamas, a militant group. Lim reportedly told the colleague that terrorists typically send “small sums,” because “l(fā)arge sums constitute money laundering.” The colleague responded, “can barely buy an AK47 with 600 bucks.”

Lim also acknowledged in February 2020 that some of Binance’s customers, including those from Russia, were involved in illegal activities, according to the complaint. Lim wrote in a chat message about those trades: “Like come on. They are here for crime.” Money Laundering Reporting Officer at Binance responded at the time, “we see the bad, but we close 2 eyes.”

In another instance, a Binance employee allegedly asked Lim and another colleague in July 2020 to remove a customer who was sourcing over $5 million from “questionable services” believed to be illegal, according to the complaint. Lim wrote in response to the employee:

“Can let him know to be careful with his flow of funds, especially from darknet

like hydra

He can come back with a new account

But this current one has to go, it’s tainted”

A Binance spokesperson told Fortune that the complaint came as a surprise to the company.

“The complaint filed by the CFTC is unexpected and disappointing as we have been working collaboratively with the CFTC for more than two years. Nevertheless, we intend to continue to collaborate with regulators in the US and around the world,” Binance’s spokesperson said.

“We have made significant investments over the past two years to ensure we do not have US users active on our platform. During that period, we went from approximately 100 people in our compliance team to around 750 core and supporting compliance personnel today, including almost 80 personnel with prior law enforcement or regulatory agency experience and approximately 260 personnel with professional certificates in compliance,” the spokesperson said.

Aside from the latest CFTC lawsuit, Binance has been under investigation by the Department of Justice since 2018 for allegedly flouting U.S. compliance laws, anti-money laundering rules, and sanctions. The crypto exchange may be preparing to pay settlement penalties worth more than $1 billion, the Wall Street Journal reported last month.

The crackdown on Binance comes after the spectacular collapse of crypto exchange FTX, which folded last year. The CEO of that exchange, Sam Bankman-Fried, has since been charged with several?criminal counts and is awaiting trial in the U.S. SEC Chair Gary Gensler taken a tougher posture against the crypto industry over the past few months. In December of last year he compared crypto companies with?casinos and said they needed to “come into compliance with our time-tested laws.”

Aside from details of chats between top Binance officers, the CFTC’s complaint largely focuses on its alleged failure to communicate details of its work in the U.S., and going against compliance rules, alleging that for the first two years of operations, the company “did not take any steps to limit or restrict the ability of U.S. customers to trade on the platform.” Even after Binance updated its terms of use limiting availability in the U.S. in 2019, customers could use loopholes including virtual private networks (VPNs) to access the sites, according to the suit. It further alleges that CEO Changpeng Zhao and Lim were both fully aware of the existence of these loopholes, and that in 2020, a year after Binance had updated its terms of use, nearly 18% of its customer base was still located in the U.S., citing revenue reports.

The complaint also alleges Binance knowingly obfuscated its structure, saying the company relies on a “maze of corporate entities” that is deliberately designed to “obscure the ownership, control, and location of the Binance platform.” Binance’s offerings include websites and mobile apps, some of which are independently operated according to the complaint. The lawsuit alleges that Binance has become so efficient at hiding its operational structure and the location of its companies, “it has even confused its own Chief Strategy Officer,” who mistakenly called Binance a “Canadian” company last year before being corrected by a spokesperson. Zhao has long insisted that, as a decentralized company, Binance has no headquarters.

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