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為什么女性更厭惡失敗?

Alyssa Jaffee
2023-03-18

必須承認并接受錯誤,因為錯誤能夠指明前進的道路。

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7wireVentures合伙人阿莉莎·杰菲。圖片來源:COURTESY OF ALYSSA JAFFEE

最近,一位同事對著全組人分享了自己犯錯的經(jīng)歷。他毫不介意地說:“嘿,我錯了。”我驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn),他對于承認自己并不會永遠正確這一點很坦然。而對我來說,告訴別人自己犯錯總是很困難。那一刻,我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不僅佩服他的誠實,也很羨慕他。為什么包括我在內(nèi)的多數(shù)人都很難接受自己的錯誤?這是性別問題嗎?能克服嗎?

我總是有種感覺:我不是唯一對此不舒服的人。數(shù)據(jù)也支持我的感覺。女性習慣于給出“正確”的答案,因為犯錯可能要付出潛在的代價。女性管理者犯錯時,會被認為不如男性管理者稱職。研究表明,女性非常不愿意失敗,如果不是100%相信自己合格就不會申請工作。

在醫(yī)學界,如果遇到患者死亡,女外科醫(yī)生收到轉(zhuǎn)診的機會就會下降54%,男外科醫(yī)生則不會下降。與男性相比,女性財務(wù)顧問因為工作失誤而遭到解雇的可能性高出20%,之后在金融業(yè)再找到工作的可能性又低30%。女性總覺得,必須加倍努力才可以避免失誤。因此,女性默默咽下問題,拋開“冒名頂替綜合癥”(Impostor Syndrome),繼續(xù)追求正確。

作為有三個孩子的職場媽媽,我一直在質(zhì)疑孩子們?yōu)楹涡⌒∧昙o就被教育事事要正確,似乎這比從失敗和錯誤中學習更重要。父母應(yīng)該幫助孩子振作起來,應(yīng)該多說“盡最大努力就好!”或者“繼續(xù)努力!”

到最后人們總是慶祝成功的結(jié)果——而不是奮斗的過程,或者跌倒和爬起來需要多少勇氣。我看著年紀最大的孩子努力學拼寫,當他終于正確地寫下“dog”這個單詞,而不是之前18個奇怪的G,我會為他慶祝。第二個孩子終于聽到球拍和網(wǎng)球之間完美的“啪一聲”時開懷大笑,完全忘記練習揮桿幾個星期的辛苦。可愛的寶寶自己坐起身,不再被大腦袋的重量壓垮時,全家人為他鼓掌。學習永遠不會停止,只有達到新里程碑或新突破時,我們才共同慶祝。

類似的情況在成人世界里同樣存在,在職場環(huán)境中更為麻煩。錯誤會被指出,沮喪隨之而來。之前“快速行動,打破一切”的寬容時代雖然獲得廣泛接受,但現(xiàn)在也有其局限性。在風投領(lǐng)域,我們經(jīng)常面臨緊急決定,例如支持哪些公司和創(chuàng)始人,或者在某些情況下,要緊急罷免一名高管。幾個月或幾年后才能夠明確相關(guān)決定的后果。一些最優(yōu)秀的風投公司意識到錯誤的重要性,所以將錯誤當成財富。有時風投董事會知道,某位管理者可能不適合領(lǐng)導某家企業(yè)。實際情況卻經(jīng)常是不聽從多年經(jīng)驗在腦中的大聲提醒,任憑錯誤的人指揮業(yè)務(wù),浪費大把時間、金錢和士氣。

如果不接受犯錯,就是在傷害自己。正是在犯錯的時候才可以學到最多。每天忍受著當初錯誤決定帶來的痛苦,能夠確保錯誤不再重演。

成功的球隊賽后會重看視頻,也有這層考慮。不管什么運動,比賽過程中隊員都很難意識到發(fā)生了什么。ChatGPT積攢多年的錯誤之后積累了海量知識,似乎終于實現(xiàn)了人工智能的承諾。當前時代的一些最有影響力的人表示,成功的原因是經(jīng)驗帶來的智慧和謙遜。時間給了人們犯錯的機會。工作中的團隊也應(yīng)該秉持類似精神,從錯誤中吸取教訓,并將學到的知識應(yīng)用于未來的決策。

去年我寫了一篇文章,請求人們不要再問女性如何實現(xiàn)平衡(多數(shù)女性并未實現(xiàn))。我談到從失衡中學習,但當時我還不理解從錯誤中學習的重要性。如果作為團隊,作為女性,以及作為社會都可以感覺到錯誤被接受,想象一下人們能夠獲得多少成長。追求完美的日子已經(jīng)隨風飄遠,取而代之的是接受新的興奮感,來自學習的快樂。

生活裹挾著我變成成年人。我從不知道人會這么快長大。事實上,長大就是不知不覺。我成年后大部分時間都在嘗試,如果遇到以前見過的模式如何“相信直覺”。現(xiàn)在,這種模式識別是我躋身成功高管的核心因素,而模式識別的訣竅正是認清過去的錯誤。

因此,現(xiàn)在我可以像男同事一樣,坦然承認自己的錯誤。說到底,不要想著去避免孩子或自己失敗,這種想法對每個人都是傷害。必須承認并接受錯誤,因為錯誤能夠指明前進的道路。(財富中文網(wǎng))

阿莉莎·賈菲(Alyssa Jaffee)是7wireVentures的合伙人。

Fortune.com上發(fā)表的評論文章中表達的觀點,僅代表作者本人的觀點,不代表《財富》雜志的觀點和立場。

譯者:夏林

7wireVentures合伙人阿莉莎·杰菲。

最近,一位同事對著全組人分享了自己犯錯的經(jīng)歷。他毫不介意地說:“嘿,我錯了。”我驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn),他對于承認自己并不會永遠正確這一點很坦然。而對我來說,告訴別人自己犯錯總是很困難。那一刻,我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不僅佩服他的誠實,也很羨慕他。為什么包括我在內(nèi)的多數(shù)人都很難接受自己的錯誤?這是性別問題嗎?能克服嗎?

我總是有種感覺:我不是唯一對此不舒服的人。數(shù)據(jù)也支持我的感覺。女性習慣于給出“正確”的答案,因為犯錯可能要付出潛在的代價。女性管理者犯錯時,會被認為不如男性管理者稱職。研究表明,女性非常不愿意失敗,如果不是100%相信自己合格就不會申請工作。

在醫(yī)學界,如果遇到患者死亡,女外科醫(yī)生收到轉(zhuǎn)診的機會就會下降54%,男外科醫(yī)生則不會下降。與男性相比,女性財務(wù)顧問因為工作失誤而遭到解雇的可能性高出20%,之后在金融業(yè)再找到工作的可能性又低30%。女性總覺得,必須加倍努力才可以避免失誤。因此,女性默默咽下問題,拋開“冒名頂替綜合癥”(Impostor Syndrome),繼續(xù)追求正確。

作為有三個孩子的職場媽媽,我一直在質(zhì)疑孩子們?yōu)楹涡⌒∧昙o就被教育事事要正確,似乎這比從失敗和錯誤中學習更重要。父母應(yīng)該幫助孩子振作起來,應(yīng)該多說“盡最大努力就好!”或者“繼續(xù)努力!”

到最后人們總是慶祝成功的結(jié)果——而不是奮斗的過程,或者跌倒和爬起來需要多少勇氣。我看著年紀最大的孩子努力學拼寫,當他終于正確地寫下“dog”這個單詞,而不是之前18個奇怪的G,我會為他慶祝。第二個孩子終于聽到球拍和網(wǎng)球之間完美的“啪一聲”時開懷大笑,完全忘記練習揮桿幾個星期的辛苦。可愛的寶寶自己坐起身,不再被大腦袋的重量壓垮時,全家人為他鼓掌。學習永遠不會停止,只有達到新里程碑或新突破時,我們才共同慶祝。

類似的情況在成人世界里同樣存在,在職場環(huán)境中更為麻煩。錯誤會被指出,沮喪隨之而來。之前“快速行動,打破一切”的寬容時代雖然獲得廣泛接受,但現(xiàn)在也有其局限性。在風投領(lǐng)域,我們經(jīng)常面臨緊急決定,例如支持哪些公司和創(chuàng)始人,或者在某些情況下,要緊急罷免一名高管。幾個月或幾年后才能夠明確相關(guān)決定的后果。一些最優(yōu)秀的風投公司意識到錯誤的重要性,所以將錯誤當成財富。有時風投董事會知道,某位管理者可能不適合領(lǐng)導某家企業(yè)。實際情況卻經(jīng)常是不聽從多年經(jīng)驗在腦中的大聲提醒,任憑錯誤的人指揮業(yè)務(wù),浪費大把時間、金錢和士氣。

如果不接受犯錯,就是在傷害自己。正是在犯錯的時候才可以學到最多。每天忍受著當初錯誤決定帶來的痛苦,能夠確保錯誤不再重演。

成功的球隊賽后會重看視頻,也有這層考慮。不管什么運動,比賽過程中隊員都很難意識到發(fā)生了什么。ChatGPT積攢多年的錯誤之后積累了海量知識,似乎終于實現(xiàn)了人工智能的承諾。當前時代的一些最有影響力的人表示,成功的原因是經(jīng)驗帶來的智慧和謙遜。時間給了人們犯錯的機會。工作中的團隊也應(yīng)該秉持類似精神,從錯誤中吸取教訓,并將學到的知識應(yīng)用于未來的決策。

去年我寫了一篇文章,請求人們不要再問女性如何實現(xiàn)平衡(多數(shù)女性并未實現(xiàn))。我談到從失衡中學習,但當時我還不理解從錯誤中學習的重要性。如果作為團隊,作為女性,以及作為社會都可以感覺到錯誤被接受,想象一下人們能夠獲得多少成長。追求完美的日子已經(jīng)隨風飄遠,取而代之的是接受新的興奮感,來自學習的快樂。

生活裹挾著我變成成年人。我從不知道人會這么快長大。事實上,長大就是不知不覺。我成年后大部分時間都在嘗試,如果遇到以前見過的模式如何“相信直覺”。現(xiàn)在,這種模式識別是我躋身成功高管的核心因素,而模式識別的訣竅正是認清過去的錯誤。

因此,現(xiàn)在我可以像男同事一樣,坦然承認自己的錯誤。說到底,不要想著去避免孩子或自己失敗,這種想法對每個人都是傷害。必須承認并接受錯誤,因為錯誤能夠指明前進的道路。(財富中文網(wǎng))

阿莉莎·賈菲(Alyssa Jaffee)是7wireVentures的合伙人。

Fortune.com上發(fā)表的評論文章中表達的觀點,僅代表作者本人的觀點,不代表《財富》雜志的觀點和立場。

譯者:夏林

Recently, one of my colleagues shared a mistake he made in front of a group. He was matter-of-fact, specific, and completely comfortable saying “hey, I got this wrong.” I was surprised to see that he had embraced the vulnerability of not always being right. For me, sharing personal mistakes has always been hard. At that moment I realized that not only I valued his honesty, but I also envied it. Craved it in fact. Why is it hard for most people to embrace their mistakes, me included? Is it a gendered problem? Can it be overcome?

I couldn’t shake the feeling that I wasn’t alone in feeling uncomfortable and it turns out, the data supports it. Women are conditioned to give the “right” answer because being wrong carries a potential cost. Female leaders are viewed as less competent than their male counterparts when they make mistakes. Studies show that women are so averse to failure that they don’t apply for jobs unless they feel 100% qualified.

In the medical world, physician referrals to female surgeons decreased 54% after the death of a patient–but didn’t drop for male surgeons. Female financial advisors are 20% more likely to be fired for work-related mistakes compared to men. They are also 30% less likely to find another job in the financial services industry. Women feel that we’ve had to work twice as hard to never slip up. So, we smother questions, push aside imposter syndrome, and soldier on in the pursuit of being correct.

As a working mom of three young kids, I’ve questioned how early we are taught that being right is more important than learning from failures and mistakes. As parents, we help our kids pick themselves up and keep going with affirmations like “Try your best!” or “Keep working at it!”

Ultimately, it’s the successful outcome that is celebrated–not the journey to get there, or how much grit it takes to fall and get back up. I watch my oldest child working on spelling, celebrating when he writes the word “dog” correctly, not 18 weird G’s that came before it. My second child grins when he hears that perfect “thwack” connection between racket and tennis ball for the first time, completely forgetting the weeks of practice swings. And my sweet baby, watching the whole family clap as he sits up on his own, no longer toppling over by the weight of his large head. Learning never stops for them, but it’s only when they reach that next milestone or breakthrough that they, and we, celebrate.

This conditioning continues as adults and is even more troublesome in professional settings. Errors are identified and accompanied by frustration. The permissive era of “move fast and break things,” while once embraced wholeheartedly, now has its limitations. In venture capital, we are often faced with pressing decisions, like which companies and founders to back or in some cases, an urgent need to remove an executive. The consequences of our decisions don’t always become clear until months or years later. Some of the best venture capital firms wear their mistakes as a badge of honor, knowing the importance of recognizing a miss. Those of us who sit on boards are sometimes faced with knowing that a leader may not be the right fit for a business. And often, instead of listening to our years of experience screaming in the backs of our heads, time, money, and morale are wasted because the wrong person was enlisted to lead the charge.

We are doing a disservice to ourselves by not embracing the art of making mistakes. It’s in those moments that we learn the most. Living with the discomfort of that decision every day ensures that we don’t make it again.

There is a reason successful sports teams have embodied the practice of reviewing game film. In the middle of a game, it can be difficult for a player to be aware of everything that is going on, regardless of the sport. ChatGPT, which feels like it’s finally delivering on the promise of artificial intelligence, built up its knowledge after years of mistakes. Some of the most influential people of our time cite achievement because of the wisdom and humility of experience. Time creates opportunities to make mistakes. Workplace teams should embrace a similar ethos, learning from mistakes and applying learnings to future decisions.

Last year, I wrote an article imploring people to stop asking women how we have balance (most of us don’t). I talked about learning from being imbalanced–but what I didn’t understand at the time was the importance of learning from mistakes. If we felt that mistakes were embraced, as a team, as women, and as a society, imagine how much we’d all grow. Gone would be the days of seeking perfection, we would be instead opening up for a new kind of thrill–that of learning.

Life catapulted me into adulthood faster than I could have imagined. I never knew you could grow up as an adult. In reality, it’s so obvious that you can. I’ve lived most of my adult life trying to figure out how to “trust my gut” if I see a pattern that I have encountered before. Today, that pattern recognition is a core piece of what makes me a successful executive. The trick of pattern recognition is to recognize past mistakes.

So today, I pledge to seek the comfort of welcoming mistakes just like my male colleague has done. In the end, when we try to rescue our kids–or ourselves–from failure, we are doing everyone a disservice. Instead, we must admit and embrace our mistakes for what they reveal: our path forward.

Alyssa Jaffee is a partner at 7wireVentures.

The opinions expressed in Fortune.com commentary pieces are solely the views of their authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions and beliefs of Fortune.

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