失控的食品通脹可能很快就會得到抑制,至少短期內如此,因為農產品價格(無論是面包還是雞翅)在狂飆猛漲后開始下跌。
四個月前,俄烏沖突爆發,打破了貿易流動,推動期貨價格飆升。四個月后的今天,對糧食短缺的擔憂逐漸讓位,樂觀情緒占了上風。人們認為,主要糧食生產國將迎來大豐收,足夠補充因為戰爭而吃緊的糧食儲備。這點至關重要,因為我們需要小麥來養活全世界;需要玉米來飼養家禽家畜;還需要油料種籽來加工食物。
位于倫敦的ADM Investor Services的全球策略師馬克·奧斯特瓦爾德說:“供應端受到的影響可能不像我們想的那么嚴重,因為俄烏沖突帶來的損失將在其他地方得到補充,也正在得到補充。”
澳大利亞是全球最大的小麥出口國之一,預計今年將再次大豐收,而巴西最大的種植區玉米多得谷倉都堆不下了。北美地區的人們原本擔心今年春天的惡劣天氣會導致谷物和大豆種植面積大幅減少,但現在這種擔憂也已經得到緩解。
彭博農業現貨分類指數(Bloomberg Agriculture Spot Subindex)有望錄得自2011年以來最大的單月跌幅。除了因為對谷物和油籽儲備減少的擔憂有所緩解,對經濟衰退可能導致需求減少的擔憂也是農作物期貨價格從近期高點回落的原因之一。盡管這種變化需要一段時間才能夠傳導到超市的貨架上,但根據Darden Restaurants Inc.——Olive Garden和連鎖店LongHorn Steakhouse的老板——的說法,雞肉和牛肉的價格已經稍微有所降溫。
今年下半年食品價格上漲走勢如何,汽油也將發揮重要決定作用。美國農業部(US Department of Agriculture)的前首席經濟學家喬·格勞貝爾表示,公眾的超市采購賬單預計將在“未來6個月有所降低,特別是如果能源價格出現下跌的話”。
截至6月24日,美國每加侖汽油的日均價格在攀升至史上最高水平后,已經連續10天下跌。2月底俄羅斯對烏克蘭發動特比軍事行動后,原油期貨價格飆至近乎歷史最高點,目前已經下跌逾10%。烏克蘭是世界上最大的谷物和植物油出口國之一。化肥作為種植農作物的主要支出之一,在飆升至創紀錄水平后已經回落。
在戰爭阻礙了烏克蘭的出口并引發了對俄羅斯的一系列制裁之后,聯合國(United Nations)的食品價格指數在3月達到歷史高位,目前已經出現回落。不過,即使上漲速度繼續下降,高企的食品價格也可能會繼續給貧困人口帶來壓力。美國政府在6月下旬發布的一份報告中預測,今年美國食品價格將全面上漲8.5%,不過該報告沒有將近期農產品期貨價格下跌的因素考慮在內。
此外,在一眾更加樂觀的觀察人士里,高盛集團(Goldman Sachs Group Inc.)卻指出,目前大宗商品的價格尚未見頂,盡管彭博(Bloomberg)的大宗商品現貨綜合指數較紀錄高位已經下跌約13%。
“我們普遍認為,當經濟處于長時間衰退中時,對大宗商品的需求會下降,價格也會因此下降。”杰弗里·柯里等多名分析師在一份報告中寫道,“我們還沒有到那種狀態,經濟增長和終端用戶需求只是在放緩,而不是完全下降。”
Darden Restaurants的看法很樂觀。這家總部位于美國佛羅里達州奧蘭多的公司稱,不會將肉類、乳制品和小麥價格上漲的影響轉嫁給消費者,因為公司預計成本上漲不會長期持續。其首席財務官拉杰什·文納姆在6月下旬向分析師表示,肉類價格已經開始“略有下降”,即將到來的糧食豐收應該有助于控制小麥的價格。
小麥和大豆期貨在6月下跌約15%,玉米下跌13%。咖啡、糖和可可的價格也有所回落。
在中國,食品關乎更多的是國家安全問題,而非通脹問題。澳新銀行中國有限公司(ANZ Bank China Co.)駐上海的高級中國策略師邢兆鵬說,隨著糧油成本降溫,預計6月的消費者價格指數較去年同期增長不到2.5%。
不過,他表示,當前烏克蘭、印度和其他主要出口國的糧食供應前景尚不明朗,現在就說食品通脹已經結束還為時過早。
棕櫚油是世界上用量最多的植物油,由于最大的棕櫚油出口國印度尼西亞加大出口以減少庫存,棕櫚油價格已經較峰值下跌約30%。棕櫚油的暴跌,連同大豆油和類似大宗商品價格的下跌,或許預示著巧克力、人造黃油和洗發水等日用品的價格會隨之下降。但與其他農作物市場一樣,但凡出現任何一點供應受擾的跡象或惡劣天氣,都可能引發新一輪大漲。
就目前而言,重點大宗商品價格出現下跌,可能會給通脹帶來一個市場迫切需要的剎車。
“市場真的非常希望可以再次喘口氣。”位于圣保羅的Archer Consulting公司的合伙人阿納爾多·科雷亞說,“為你的守護天使點支蠟燭吧,讓我們看看事情會如何發展。”(財富中文網)
本文得到了Anuradha Raghu、Megan Durisin、Yuling Yang和Marvin G Perez的協助。
譯者:Agatha
失控的食品通脹可能很快就會得到抑制,至少短期內如此,因為農產品價格(無論是面包還是雞翅)在狂飆猛漲后開始下跌。
四個月前,俄烏沖突爆發,打破了貿易流動,推動期貨價格飆升。四個月后的今天,對糧食短缺的擔憂逐漸讓位,樂觀情緒占了上風。人們認為,主要糧食生產國將迎來大豐收,足夠補充因為戰爭而吃緊的糧食儲備。這點至關重要,因為我們需要小麥來養活全世界;需要玉米來飼養家禽家畜;還需要油料種籽來加工食物。
位于倫敦的ADM Investor Services的全球策略師馬克·奧斯特瓦爾德說:“供應端受到的影響可能不像我們想的那么嚴重,因為俄烏沖突帶來的損失將在其他地方得到補充,也正在得到補充。”
澳大利亞是全球最大的小麥出口國之一,預計今年將再次大豐收,而巴西最大的種植區玉米多得谷倉都堆不下了。北美地區的人們原本擔心今年春天的惡劣天氣會導致谷物和大豆種植面積大幅減少,但現在這種擔憂也已經得到緩解。
彭博農業現貨分類指數(Bloomberg Agriculture Spot Subindex)有望錄得自2011年以來最大的單月跌幅。除了因為對谷物和油籽儲備減少的擔憂有所緩解,對經濟衰退可能導致需求減少的擔憂也是農作物期貨價格從近期高點回落的原因之一。盡管這種變化需要一段時間才能夠傳導到超市的貨架上,但根據Darden Restaurants Inc.——Olive Garden和連鎖店LongHorn Steakhouse的老板——的說法,雞肉和牛肉的價格已經稍微有所降溫。
今年下半年食品價格上漲走勢如何,汽油也將發揮重要決定作用。美國農業部(US Department of Agriculture)的前首席經濟學家喬·格勞貝爾表示,公眾的超市采購賬單預計將在“未來6個月有所降低,特別是如果能源價格出現下跌的話”。
截至6月24日,美國每加侖汽油的日均價格在攀升至史上最高水平后,已經連續10天下跌。2月底俄羅斯對烏克蘭發動特比軍事行動后,原油期貨價格飆至近乎歷史最高點,目前已經下跌逾10%。烏克蘭是世界上最大的谷物和植物油出口國之一。化肥作為種植農作物的主要支出之一,在飆升至創紀錄水平后已經回落。
在戰爭阻礙了烏克蘭的出口并引發了對俄羅斯的一系列制裁之后,聯合國(United Nations)的食品價格指數在3月達到歷史高位,目前已經出現回落。不過,即使上漲速度繼續下降,高企的食品價格也可能會繼續給貧困人口帶來壓力。美國政府在6月下旬發布的一份報告中預測,今年美國食品價格將全面上漲8.5%,不過該報告沒有將近期農產品期貨價格下跌的因素考慮在內。
此外,在一眾更加樂觀的觀察人士里,高盛集團(Goldman Sachs Group Inc.)卻指出,目前大宗商品的價格尚未見頂,盡管彭博(Bloomberg)的大宗商品現貨綜合指數較紀錄高位已經下跌約13%。
“我們普遍認為,當經濟處于長時間衰退中時,對大宗商品的需求會下降,價格也會因此下降。”杰弗里·柯里等多名分析師在一份報告中寫道,“我們還沒有到那種狀態,經濟增長和終端用戶需求只是在放緩,而不是完全下降。”
Darden Restaurants的看法很樂觀。這家總部位于美國佛羅里達州奧蘭多的公司稱,不會將肉類、乳制品和小麥價格上漲的影響轉嫁給消費者,因為公司預計成本上漲不會長期持續。其首席財務官拉杰什·文納姆在6月下旬向分析師表示,肉類價格已經開始“略有下降”,即將到來的糧食豐收應該有助于控制小麥的價格。
小麥和大豆期貨在6月下跌約15%,玉米下跌13%。咖啡、糖和可可的價格也有所回落。
在中國,食品關乎更多的是國家安全問題,而非通脹問題。澳新銀行中國有限公司(ANZ Bank China Co.)駐上海的高級中國策略師邢兆鵬說,隨著糧油成本降溫,預計6月的消費者價格指數較去年同期增長不到2.5%。
不過,他表示,當前烏克蘭、印度和其他主要出口國的糧食供應前景尚不明朗,現在就說食品通脹已經結束還為時過早。
棕櫚油是世界上用量最多的植物油,由于最大的棕櫚油出口國印度尼西亞加大出口以減少庫存,棕櫚油價格已經較峰值下跌約30%。棕櫚油的暴跌,連同大豆油和類似大宗商品價格的下跌,或許預示著巧克力、人造黃油和洗發水等日用品的價格會隨之下降。但與其他農作物市場一樣,但凡出現任何一點供應受擾的跡象或惡劣天氣,都可能引發新一輪大漲。
就目前而言,重點大宗商品價格出現下跌,可能會給通脹帶來一個市場迫切需要的剎車。
“市場真的非常希望可以再次喘口氣。”位于圣保羅的Archer Consulting公司的合伙人阿納爾多·科雷亞說,“為你的守護天使點支蠟燭吧,讓我們看看事情會如何發展。”(財富中文網)
本文得到了Anuradha Raghu、Megan Durisin、Yuling Yang和Marvin G Perez的協助。
譯者:Agatha
Runaway food inflation may be tamed soon—at least temporarily—as farm commodities tumble after a surge that pushed up prices of everything from bread to?chicken wings.
Four months after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine upended trade flows and sent futures soaring, fear of grain shortages is giving way to optimism that key producers will reap harvests large enough to help replenish war-pinched reserves. That’s critical for the wheat needed to feed the world; the corn to nourish hogs, chicken and cattle; and the oilseeds to process food.
“Supply may not be as impaired as we think because other areas will compensate for any losses from Ukraine, and it is happening across the board,” said Marc Ostwald, global strategist at ADM Investor Services in London.
Australia, one of the biggest wheat exporters, is forecast to produce another huge crop this year, while Brazil’s biggest-growing area has so much corn it’s piling up outside bins. Nervousness in North America that spring weather woes would significantly cut grain and soybean acreage has abated.
The Bloomberg Agriculture Spot Subindex is on track for its biggest monthly drop since 2011. Along with easing concerns about dwindling grain and oilseed reserves, worries that an economic slump could slash demand also knocked soaring crop futures down from recent highs. While such changes can take time to reach grocery shelves, chicken and beef prices are cooling a bit, according to Darden Restaurants Inc., owner of the Olive Garden and LongHorn Steakhouse chains.
Fuel pump prices also will play a big part in determining the course of food inflation for the remainder of this year. Supermarket bills are expected to “moderate over the next six months, particularly if energy prices fall,” said Joe Glauber, former chief economist at the US Department of Agriculture.
As of June 24, the average US daily price of a gallon of gasoline had declined for 10 straight days after climbing to some of the highest on record. Crude oil futures are down more than 10% from a near all-time high in the days following Russia’s late February attack on Ukraine, one of the world’s top grain and vegetable-oil shippers. Fertilizer, a key expense for farmers, has retreated after surging to records.
The United Nations’ food price index pulled back from a record high in March after the war choked exports from Ukraine and triggered a raft of sanctions on Russia. Still, even if reduced rates of increase continue, high prices for food likely will continue pressuring the needy. A U.S. government forecast released in late June estimates that food prices across the board will climb as much as 8.5% this year, though the report didn’t account for the recent drop in agriculture futures.
Further, Goldman Sachs Group Inc., among the more bullish commodity-watchers, said prices haven’t topped out yet, even with Bloomberg’s broad index of spot commodities declining about 13% from a record.
“We agree that when the economy is in a recession for long enough, commodity demand falls and hence prices, fall,” analysts, including Jeffrey Currie, wrote in a note. “We are not yet at that state, with economic growth and end-user demand simply slowing, not falling outright.”
Darden Restaurants is taking an optimistic view. The Orlando, Fla.-based company says it’s not passing higher prices for meat, dairy and wheat along to customers because it doesn’t expect elevated costs to stick around long-term. Meat is beginning to “come down a little bit,” and upcoming grain harvests should help curb wheat costs, Chief Financial Officer Rajesh Vennam told analysts in late June.
Wheat and soybean futures have fallen about 15% in June, while corn has dropped 13%. Coffee, sugar and cocoa also have pulled back.
In China, food is more of a national-security issue than an inflation concern. As grain and cooking-oil costs cool off, June consumer-price growth there is expected to be less than 2.5% from last year, said Zhaopeng Xing, a Shanghai-based senior China strategist at ANZ Bank China Co.
It’s still too early, though, to call an end to food inflation, given the uncertain outlook for grain supplies from Ukraine, India and other major exporters, he said.
Palm oil, the world’s most-used vegetable oil, has plunged about 30% from its peak as top shipper Indonesia ramps up exports to reduce bloated stockpiles. The nosedive, along with a drop in soybean oil and similar commodities, could portend cheaper household items such as chocolate, margarine and shampoo. But, as with other crop markets, any sign of supply disruption or bad weather could trigger another red-hot rally.
For now, the drop in key commodities may allow for a much-needed pause in inflation.
“Markets would really love to be able to breathe less stressfully again,” said Arnaldo Correa, partner at Archer Consulting in Sao Paulo. “Light a candle for your guardian angel, and let’s see how things will play out.”
With assistance from Anuradha Raghu, Megan Durisin, Yuling Yang and Marvin G Perez.