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高通CEO如何帶領公司轉型成一家更加酷炫的科技巨頭

PHIL WAHBA
2022-06-20

對于高通而言,好消息是會從所有趨勢中受益。

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高通CEO克里斯提阿諾·安蒙。圖片來源:由高通提供

蘋果(Apple)、Meta Platforms和Alphabet等科技公司都是媒體和華爾街關注的焦點,頻頻見諸報端,而高通(Qualcomm)卻一直非常低調。目前高通依舊如此,盡管這家無線技術公司正忙于業務改造,從一家歷史上一直依賴手機支持技術的公司,轉變成一家以元宇宙、自動駕駛汽車和物聯網(IoT)等熱門領域為核心支柱的公司。

高通總裁兼CEO克里斯提阿諾·安蒙是一名科班出身的工程師,自1995年起一直在高通任職。他在不到一年前上臺后著手執行的策略是,充分利用未來幾十年科技在我們生活中的主導地位。安蒙不喜歡跟風,但他表示,企業和人類使用技術的方式已經發生了改變,而疫情加快了改變的速度。例如,這意味著對物聯網的需求將大幅增加。物聯網在計算機和手機等設備彼此之間以及設備與云之間建立連接。

雖然許多人一說元宇宙,首先想到的是直播視頻游戲或購物,但安蒙卻從中發現了公司履行許多職能的一種實用途徑,例如提供培訓等。他說道,自動駕駛汽車不可能一夜之間成為主流,但即使普通汽車也需要高通的技術,而在自動駕駛創新站穩腳跟之后,需求還將進一步增長。到目前為止,安蒙的策略一直卓有成效:上一季度,高通的收入增長了41%,達到112億美元,這主要來源于前景光明的物聯網業務和汽車行業銷售額的增長。

安蒙對《財富》雜志表示:“汽車行業將全面轉型成為車輪上的聯網計算機。未來的工作模式,將使家庭像企業一樣轉型;有許多趨勢正在轉變企業對科技的應用。對于高通而言,好消息是我們不會只是一種趨勢的受益者,而是會從所有趨勢中受益。”

雖然安蒙喜歡科技,但他依舊有一種健康的觀點,認為科技并非生活的全部。他最大的愛好之一是維修上世紀70年代的舊肌肉車。這些車并沒有今天的任何尖端技術,這或許正是安蒙喜歡它們的原因。

為明確起見,以下采訪內容經過編輯和精簡。

《財富》:您曾說過高通正在利用一場大規模社會數字化轉型,制定下一個階段的發展規劃。社會到底正在發生什么樣的轉型?

克里斯提阿諾·安蒙:用最簡單的話來說,那就是公司通過疫情意識到,他們需要進一步加強與人及其資產的聯系。有一些顛覆性技術,例如用于分析數據和進行預測的人工智能技術等,正在不斷提高對數據的需求,以實現智能化和網絡化。在個人方面,我們已經看到了擴大數字接入的好處。關于技術發展以及虛擬現實、增強現實等技術(如果你喜歡也可以稱呼它們為元宇宙),未來肯定會不斷擴張。

隨著技術的進步,您是否會擔心數字鴻溝日益加深?

我認為,智能手機本身就是縮小數字鴻溝最有效的機制。解決數字鴻溝依靠的并不是“每個孩子一臺筆記本電腦”,而是智能手機。在巴西等許多國家,人們通過智能手機首次訪問互聯網或者學習數字技能。無論如何,現在科技有更強大的能力增強人們之間的聯系。在疫情期間,我們利用技術保持生產率:無論是孩子上學還是自己娛樂等都離不開技術。

Meta最近表示,元宇宙需要經歷多年的發展和大量投入,而且元宇宙帶來的機會是否真實存在依舊存在爭議。高通正在大力開發元宇宙;您從中看到了哪些機會?

在開始談論元宇宙之前,我認為有一種非常重要的科技趨勢正在實實在在的發生,那就是物理空間與數字空間的聯系。你看今天的手機,屏幕尺寸是一種人為的限制。如果我們不再受屏幕邊界的限制,將會大有可為。事實上,隨著科技的發展,5G網絡帶來了更快的網絡連接速度。最終,計算平臺可以從手機轉移到眼鏡。如果真正擁有了完全沉浸式的增強現實技術,你就可以做更多事情。

比如?

有一個非常具體的例子:在疫情期間,你看到協作工具變得非常流行。我們在參加Zoom會議時,都有這種體驗。在元宇宙中可以執行開會這種簡單的任務,你可以看到人們的全息影像,你也會有同樣的體驗。它將改變人們溝通的方式。在企業應用方面,你可以想想企業如何進行員工培訓。你如何利用工具完成自己的工作?所以企業應用有廣闊的市場。這些都是真實存在的,而且將帶來大量商機。

高通在自動駕駛汽車領域同樣押下重注,您如何看待這個領域?

汽車行業正在發生翻天覆地的變化。汽車已經變成了車輪上的聯網計算機,因此需要大量新技術。汽車公司需要變成科技公司。將汽車連接到云平臺之后,許多事情會隨著汽車發生改變,例如媒體內容的傳播;你還可以改變提供個性化駕駛體驗的方式。許多人會購買手機支架,把手機放在儀表盤上。這是因為手機中有更多與你相關的信息。真正的機會是給每輛汽車添加輔助駕駛功能。為什么不能讓輔助駕駛功能與安全氣囊、ABS制動系統或者安全帶一樣,成為汽車的標配呢?

我認為,自動駕駛汽車會繼續發展,但需要時間。完全自動駕駛汽車首先將被用于特種車輛,例如快遞車。有了完全自動駕駛技術,你只需要安心在后座休息,但距離這個目標真正實現需要一些時間。

芯片荒讓美國產業陷入動蕩,現在是一種什么狀況?

如果說芯片供應鏈危機帶來了一點好處,那就是讓人們認識到芯片的重要性。我們在年初曾經說過,到2022年下半年,芯片供需關系將更加平衡。我們很早就采取了措施,與供應商合作投資擴大產能。

美國是否會增加芯片生產?

很有可能。《美國芯片法案》(U.S. Chips Act)的目的就是增加國內芯片生產。《美國芯片法案》作為《美國創新與競爭法案》(U.S. Innovation and Competition Act)的一部分,提出美國聯邦政府將投資520億美元用于國內半導體研發、設計和生產。未來十年,我們的全球半導體產量必須翻一番。這為我們提高地域分布的多樣化和增強供應鏈的可靠性創造了機會。

我們來談談高通投資的另外一個重點領域物聯網。我們真的需要萬物互聯嗎?我真的有必要將洗碗機連接到手機嗎?

關鍵不在于將其連接到手機,以便于你遠程操控。以家電為例,關鍵在于將家電連接到其制造商,從而為制造商提供寶貴的信息,例如你如何使用家電、家電的磨損程度以及你可能遇到問題的情況等。還是以汽車為例,現在汽車可以連接到汽車廠商。你在駕駛汽車的過程中,我們將在云平臺建立汽車的數字分身,我們將知道你如何使用這輛車,并在汽車真正出現問題之前,判斷出哪些部分需要進行預防性維護。

高通是一家成熟的公司,致力于提供實用的產品,并不像其他許多大型科技公司的產品那樣炫酷或者富有爭議。高通此次大規模轉型可能并沒有引起太多關注,這是否讓您感到困擾?

高通的獨特之處在于我們開發的技術,以及圍繞它形成的生態系統。這是高通與手機行業的合作模式,也將是未來高通與汽車行業的合作模式。我們不會只是一種趨勢的受益者,而是會從所有趨勢中受益。

居家辦公增加了家庭對技術的需求,這是否對公司有所幫助?

在居家辦公期間,家變成了企業的一部分。所以我們看到,許多人在疫情期間升級了寬帶。事實上,人們正在家中創建企業品質的Wi-Fi網絡。你還希望家中每個角落都能保持網絡暢通,這進一步普及了Wi-Fi網狀網絡技術。

您最大的愛好之一是維修不含任何現代科技元素的老爺車。它的吸引力何在?

我喜歡20世紀70年代的汽車。我有兩個汽車修復項目,希望很快能夠完成。我記得以前看到70年代的肌肉車,簡直愛不釋手。我想這是我的中年危機。

關于安蒙:

? 他喜歡維修老爺車,目前正在維修一輛雪佛蘭(Chevrolet)Opala(專門針對安蒙的祖國巴西生產的汽車)。

? 安蒙是一名武術愛好者,練習松濤館流空手道。

? 安蒙于1995年加入高通。最初擔任工程師,之后從事領導崗位,曾主導高通5G策略的制定,規劃進軍汽車等新行業的多元化經營策略以及在網絡等領域開展收購等。(財富中文網)

翻譯:劉進龍

審校:汪皓

蘋果(Apple)、Meta Platforms和Alphabet等科技公司都是媒體和華爾街關注的焦點,頻頻見諸報端,而高通(Qualcomm)卻一直非常低調。目前高通依舊如此,盡管這家無線技術公司正忙于業務改造,從一家歷史上一直依賴手機支持技術的公司,轉變成一家以元宇宙、自動駕駛汽車和物聯網(IoT)等熱門領域為核心支柱的公司。

高通總裁兼CEO克里斯提阿諾·安蒙是一名科班出身的工程師,自1995年起一直在高通任職。他在不到一年前上臺后著手執行的策略是,充分利用未來幾十年科技在我們生活中的主導地位。安蒙不喜歡跟風,但他表示,企業和人類使用技術的方式已經發生了改變,而疫情加快了改變的速度。例如,這意味著對物聯網的需求將大幅增加。物聯網在計算機和手機等設備彼此之間以及設備與云之間建立連接。

雖然許多人一說元宇宙,首先想到的是直播視頻游戲或購物,但安蒙卻從中發現了公司履行許多職能的一種實用途徑,例如提供培訓等。他說道,自動駕駛汽車不可能一夜之間成為主流,但即使普通汽車也需要高通的技術,而在自動駕駛創新站穩腳跟之后,需求還將進一步增長。到目前為止,安蒙的策略一直卓有成效:上一季度,高通的收入增長了41%,達到112億美元,這主要來源于前景光明的物聯網業務和汽車行業銷售額的增長。

安蒙對《財富》雜志表示:“汽車行業將全面轉型成為車輪上的聯網計算機。未來的工作模式,將使家庭像企業一樣轉型;有許多趨勢正在轉變企業對科技的應用。對于高通而言,好消息是我們不會只是一種趨勢的受益者,而是會從所有趨勢中受益。”

雖然安蒙喜歡科技,但他依舊有一種健康的觀點,認為科技并非生活的全部。他最大的愛好之一是維修上世紀70年代的舊肌肉車。這些車并沒有今天的任何尖端技術,這或許正是安蒙喜歡它們的原因。

為明確起見,以下采訪內容經過編輯和精簡。

《財富》:您曾說過高通正在利用一場大規模社會數字化轉型,制定下一個階段的發展規劃。社會到底正在發生什么樣的轉型?

克里斯提阿諾·安蒙:用最簡單的話來說,那就是公司通過疫情意識到,他們需要進一步加強與人及其資產的聯系。有一些顛覆性技術,例如用于分析數據和進行預測的人工智能技術等,正在不斷提高對數據的需求,以實現智能化和網絡化。在個人方面,我們已經看到了擴大數字接入的好處。關于技術發展以及虛擬現實、增強現實等技術(如果你喜歡也可以稱呼它們為元宇宙),未來肯定會不斷擴張。

隨著技術的進步,您是否會擔心數字鴻溝日益加深?

我認為,智能手機本身就是縮小數字鴻溝最有效的機制。解決數字鴻溝依靠的并不是“每個孩子一臺筆記本電腦”,而是智能手機。在巴西等許多國家,人們通過智能手機首次訪問互聯網或者學習數字技能。無論如何,現在科技有更強大的能力增強人們之間的聯系。在疫情期間,我們利用技術保持生產率:無論是孩子上學還是自己娛樂等都離不開技術。

Meta最近表示,元宇宙需要經歷多年的發展和大量投入,而且元宇宙帶來的機會是否真實存在依舊存在爭議。高通正在大力開發元宇宙;您從中看到了哪些機會?

在開始談論元宇宙之前,我認為有一種非常重要的科技趨勢正在實實在在的發生,那就是物理空間與數字空間的聯系。你看今天的手機,屏幕尺寸是一種人為的限制。如果我們不再受屏幕邊界的限制,將會大有可為。事實上,隨著科技的發展,5G網絡帶來了更快的網絡連接速度。最終,計算平臺可以從手機轉移到眼鏡。如果真正擁有了完全沉浸式的增強現實技術,你就可以做更多事情。

比如?

有一個非常具體的例子:在疫情期間,你看到協作工具變得非常流行。我們在參加Zoom會議時,都有這種體驗。在元宇宙中可以執行開會這種簡單的任務,你可以看到人們的全息影像,你也會有同樣的體驗。它將改變人們溝通的方式。在企業應用方面,你可以想想企業如何進行員工培訓。你如何利用工具完成自己的工作?所以企業應用有廣闊的市場。這些都是真實存在的,而且將帶來大量商機。

高通在自動駕駛汽車領域同樣押下重注,您如何看待這個領域?

汽車行業正在發生翻天覆地的變化。汽車已經變成了車輪上的聯網計算機,因此需要大量新技術。汽車公司需要變成科技公司。將汽車連接到云平臺之后,許多事情會隨著汽車發生改變,例如媒體內容的傳播;你還可以改變提供個性化駕駛體驗的方式。許多人會購買手機支架,把手機放在儀表盤上。這是因為手機中有更多與你相關的信息。真正的機會是給每輛汽車添加輔助駕駛功能。為什么不能讓輔助駕駛功能與安全氣囊、ABS制動系統或者安全帶一樣,成為汽車的標配呢?

我認為,自動駕駛汽車會繼續發展,但需要時間。完全自動駕駛汽車首先將被用于特種車輛,例如快遞車。有了完全自動駕駛技術,你只需要安心在后座休息,但距離這個目標真正實現需要一些時間。

芯片荒讓美國產業陷入動蕩,現在是一種什么狀況?

如果說芯片供應鏈危機帶來了一點好處,那就是讓人們認識到芯片的重要性。我們在年初曾經說過,到2022年下半年,芯片供需關系將更加平衡。我們很早就采取了措施,與供應商合作投資擴大產能。

美國是否會增加芯片生產?

很有可能。《美國芯片法案》(U.S. Chips Act)的目的就是增加國內芯片生產。《美國芯片法案》作為《美國創新與競爭法案》(U.S. Innovation and Competition Act)的一部分,提出美國聯邦政府將投資520億美元用于國內半導體研發、設計和生產。未來十年,我們的全球半導體產量必須翻一番。這為我們提高地域分布的多樣化和增強供應鏈的可靠性創造了機會。

我們來談談高通投資的另外一個重點領域物聯網。我們真的需要萬物互聯嗎?我真的有必要將洗碗機連接到手機嗎?

關鍵不在于將其連接到手機,以便于你遠程操控。以家電為例,關鍵在于將家電連接到其制造商,從而為制造商提供寶貴的信息,例如你如何使用家電、家電的磨損程度以及你可能遇到問題的情況等。還是以汽車為例,現在汽車可以連接到汽車廠商。你在駕駛汽車的過程中,我們將在云平臺建立汽車的數字分身,我們將知道你如何使用這輛車,并在汽車真正出現問題之前,判斷出哪些部分需要進行預防性維護。

高通是一家成熟的公司,致力于提供實用的產品,并不像其他許多大型科技公司的產品那樣炫酷或者富有爭議。高通此次大規模轉型可能并沒有引起太多關注,這是否讓您感到困擾?

高通的獨特之處在于我們開發的技術,以及圍繞它形成的生態系統。這是高通與手機行業的合作模式,也將是未來高通與汽車行業的合作模式。我們不會只是一種趨勢的受益者,而是會從所有趨勢中受益。

居家辦公增加了家庭對技術的需求,這是否對公司有所幫助?

在居家辦公期間,家變成了企業的一部分。所以我們看到,許多人在疫情期間升級了寬帶。事實上,人們正在家中創建企業品質的Wi-Fi網絡。你還希望家中每個角落都能保持網絡暢通,這進一步普及了Wi-Fi網狀網絡技術。

您最大的愛好之一是維修不含任何現代科技元素的老爺車。它的吸引力何在?

我喜歡20世紀70年代的汽車。我有兩個汽車修復項目,希望很快能夠完成。我記得以前看到70年代的肌肉車,簡直愛不釋手。我想這是我的中年危機。

關于安蒙:

? 他喜歡維修老爺車,目前正在維修一輛雪佛蘭(Chevrolet)Opala(專門針對安蒙的祖國巴西生產的汽車)。

? 安蒙是一名武術愛好者,練習松濤館流空手道。

? 安蒙于1995年加入高通。最初擔任工程師,之后從事領導崗位,曾主導高通5G策略的制定,規劃進軍汽車等新行業的多元化經營策略以及在網絡等領域開展收購等。(財富中文網)

翻譯:劉進龍

審校:汪皓

While headline-grabbing tech companies like Apple, Meta Platforms, and Alphabet get enormous amounts of attention from the press and Wall Street, Qualcomm has often operated quietly under the radar. That’s still true today, even as the wireless-technology company is busy reinventing its business from one historically reliant on technology supporting cell phones to one central to hot areas like the metaverse, self-driving cars, and the Internet of Things (IoT).

Qualcomm president and CEO Cristiano Amon, an engineer by training who’s been with the company since 1995, took the reins just under a year ago, setting about implementing a strategy to take advantage of how much more tech will dominate our lives in the coming decades. He is not one to jump on fads, but he says the pandemic accelerated changes already underway in how companies, and humans in general, use tech. That will mean, for instance, greater need for its IoT technology that connects computers and phones to the cloud and to each other.

While many people think of live video games or shopping when they think of the metaverse, Amon sees in this new area a practical way for corporations to conduct many functions—offering training, for instance. Self-driving cars won't be mainstream tomorrow, he says, but even regular automobiles need his technology, and will so to a greater extent once autonomous-driving innovations take root. So far, Amon’s strategy is working: Qualcomm’s revenue was up 41% last quarter to $11.2 billion, led by gains in its promising IoT business and sales to the automotive industry.

“You’ll have the complete transformation of the automotive industry into connected computers on wheels,” Amon tells Fortune. “You have the enterprise transformation in the home because of the future of work; you have the trends transforming enterprise use. And what’s good about Qualcomm is we’re not just a company that is going to benefit from one trend, we’re going to benefit from all of it.”

Still, while Amon loves tech, he also has a healthy view that it’s not everything in life. One of his big hobbies is fixing old muscle cars from the 1970s. Those models don’t have anything near today’s sophisticated technology—which may be precisely why Amon loves them.

This interview has been edited and condensed for clarity.

Fortune: You’ve said Qualcomm is leveraging a major social digital transformation to plot its next chapter. How is society transforming exactly?

Cristiano Amon: In its most simplistic form, companies realized through the pandemic they needed to better connect with people, and they are also connecting their assets. You have some disruptive technology, such as artificial intelligence, which is really about analyzing data and making predictions, that is driving a lot of need for data for things to be intelligent and connected. On the personal side, we have already seen the benefits of greater digital access. As we look at technology development and things like virtual reality, augmented reality—you can use the term metaverse, if you like—it’s going to really expand.

Do you ever worry about a deepening digital divide as tech advances?

I would argue that the smartphone itself has been the greatest mechanism to actually bridge the digital divide. It wasn’t “one laptop per child” that did that. It was the smartphone. In many countries like Brazil, people had access to the internet or learned digital skills for the very first time on their smartphone. If anything, technology now has a greater ability to connect people. During the pandemic, that’s how we remained productive: Kids went to school, we entertained ourselves, and so forth.

Meta recently said the metaverse would cost it a lot of money for a few years, and there is debate out there about how real an opportunity this is. Qualcomm is placing a big bet on the metaverse; what do you see there?

Before you start talking about the metaverse, I think there is a very big technology trend that is real and is happening: the connection between physical and digital spaces. If you look at phones today, the screen size is an artificial limit. There’s a lot more you can do if you’re not limited by the bounds of the screen. And the reality is as technology develops, you have much faster connectivity with 5G. You can actually move the computing platform eventually from this to glasses. There is a lot more that you can do if you actually have a fully immersive, augmented reality.

Like what?

Here’s a very concrete example: During the pandemic, you saw how collaboration tools became very popular. When we are all in a Zoom meeting, we all have the same experience. So in the metaverse, you can have something as simple as having a meeting where you can see holograms of the person, and you have this same exact experience. It’s going to change communications. If you’re thinking of an enterprise application, for example, you can look into how do you train people. How do you actually have tools to do your job? So the applications are really large. It’s not only real, but it’s going to be a significant opportunity.

What about self-driving cars, another area where Qualcomm has placed a big bet?

The car is being completely transformed. The car has already become a connected computer on wheels, and with that, there has really been a need for a lot of new technologies. Car companies needed to become tech companies. Once you connect the car to the cloud, a lot of things change with that car: the distribution of media content; you can change how you personalize the driver experience. You see a lot of people buy holders and put their phone in the dashboard. And it’s because there’s more information in that phone that is relevant to you. The real opportunity is to bring assisted driving capabilities to every car. Why shouldn’t it be any different from airbags, ABS brakes, or seat belts?

I think autonomous driving is going to develop, but it’s going to take time. Fully autonomous vehicles that you’re going to see first will likely be for specialty vehicles like delivery vehicles. To get to the point that you actually have fully autonomous driving, that you’re just going to sit in the back seat and take a nap, that’s going to take some time.

Where are we in the chip shortage saga that has been roiling U.S. industry?

If there’s a silver lining to the chip supply-chain crisis, it’s that people understand the chips are important. We said at the beginning of the year that toward the second half of 2022, we will see a much more balanced demand-supply equation. We took action early in the process in terms of working with suppliers to coinvest in expansion of capacity.

Could there be more chip manufacturing in the U.S.?

This is very possible. That’s what the U.S. Chips Act [part of the U.S. Innovation and Competition Act, which includes $52 billion in federal investments for domestic semiconductor research, design, and manufacturing] is designed to do. Within the next decade, we’re going to have to double the global throughputs of semiconductors. So it creates opportunities for a geographically diversified and more reliable supply chain.

Let’s talk a bit about the Internet of Things, another big bet for Qualcomm. Do we really need everything to be connected? Do I really need my dishwasher to be connected to my phone?

It’s not about connecting to the phone so you can operate it remotely. But rather it’s about that appliance, for example, being connected to its maker, and providing valuable information about how you use it, the wear and tear, and about where you’re probably going to have a problem. Going back to the automotive example, your car now is connected to its manufacturer. So as you drive your car, we’re building a digital twin of your car in the cloud, know exactly how you use it, and what is likely to be required for preventive maintenance before you have a problem.

Qualcomm is an established company offering practical products, and arguably not as sexy, or controversial, as a lot of the other big names in tech. Does that ever bother you, that people might not pay Qualcomm much mind as you make this big pivot?

What’s unique about Qualcomm is the technologies that we develop, and you see an ecosystem forming around it. That was the story of Qualcomm and phones. It’s going to be the story of Qualcomm and automotive. We’re not just a company that is going to benefit from one trend, we’re going to benefit from all of it.

Is work from home helping business as people need to have more technology in their homes?

As you’re working from home, the home is now part of the enterprise. So what we see now is that a lot of people during the pandemic upgraded their broadband. The reality is people are building enterprise quality Wi-Fi networks in their home. Also you want to be connected in any part of your home, and that is driving a lot of Wi-Fi mesh.

One of your big hobbies is fixing old cars with no modern tech to speak of. What’s the appeal?

I love cars from the ’70s. I have two car restoration projects, and hopefully they will be done soon. I have memories of looking at ’70s muscle cars, and I really liked them. I guess that’s my midlife crisis.

*****

Get to know Amon:

? He loves to fix classic cars and is currently working on a Chevrolet Opala (a car made specifically for Brazil, Amon’s country of origin).

? A martial arts enthusiast, Amon practices Shotokan karate.

? Amon has been with Qualcomm since 1995. He began as an engineer before taking on leadership positions that have involved spearheading Qualcomm’s 5G strategy, mapping out the company’s diversification into new industries like automotive, and making acquisitions in areas like networking.

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