快速傳播的奧密克戎是否比以前的新型冠狀病毒變體更溫和?根據美國馬薩諸塞州一項新的大規模研究,情況并非如此,該研究表明其明顯的溫和性歸結為疫苗接種和其他因素。
這項研究考察了新冠肺炎疫情各個階段的住院率和死亡率,涉及13萬名患者的情況。
此研究尚未經過同行評審,但它似乎表明——盡管從表面上看——不同變體導致的疫情構成的住院和死亡威脅保持一致。
來自麻省總醫院(Massachusetts General Hospital)、密涅瓦大學(Minerva University)和哈佛醫學院(Harvard Medical School)的研究人員寫道:“我們的分析表明,奧密克戎變體的內在嚴重性可能和以前的變體一樣嚴重。”
研究中使用的數據顯示,與之前的新冠肺炎疫情相比,奧密克戎疫情造成的住院人數和死亡人數更少——然而,當根據人口統計數據、疫苗接種狀態和并發病作出調整后,研究人員發現奧密克戎本身的危險性并不低。
那么,這怎么解釋早期發現的奧密克戎較溫和,特別是那些來自南非的變體(該變體首次在南非被發現)?
在那里,西方國家最初不相信表明奧密克戎溫和的數據,這讓金山大學(University of the Witwatersrand)的疫苗學教授、世界衛生組織(World Health Organization)的高級顧問沙比爾·馬迪等人感到惱火。
5月5日,馬迪告訴《財富》雜志,他認同奧密克戎“致命性不一定低于早期的變種,這一點可以從中國香港的經驗中看出”。
盡管如此,在南非,自新冠肺炎疫情爆發以來,這波奧密克戎疫情造成的死亡人數占因新冠疫情死亡總人數的7%左右,而之前的德爾塔疫情造成的死亡人數占因新冠疫情死亡總人數的45%左右。
馬迪說:“[奧密克戎]‘較溫和’的原因是民眾免疫力的提高,免疫力主要是在感染病毒后產生的,并輔以適度的疫苗接種,[奧密克戎]‘較溫和’的原因不一定是變體內在的毒力較低。”
世界衛生組織在5月5日表示,到2021年年底,全球可能有約1490萬人死于新型冠狀病毒,幾乎是官方死亡人數的三倍(官方死亡人數約為540萬)。
世界衛生組織的計算是基于“超額死亡率”的統計數據,“超額死亡率”計算了與原本的預期相比,在新冠肺炎疫情期間多出來的死亡人數。
死亡人數不僅包括那些直接死于新型冠狀病毒的人,還包括那些因為不堪重負的醫療保健系統無法充分治療患有其他疾病的患者而死亡的人。(財富中文網)
譯者:中慧言-王芳
快速傳播的奧密克戎是否比以前的新型冠狀病毒變體更溫和?根據美國馬薩諸塞州一項新的大規模研究,情況并非如此,該研究表明其明顯的溫和性歸結為疫苗接種和其他因素。
這項研究考察了新冠肺炎疫情各個階段的住院率和死亡率,涉及13萬名患者的情況。
此研究尚未經過同行評審,但它似乎表明——盡管從表面上看——不同變體導致的疫情構成的住院和死亡威脅保持一致。
來自麻省總醫院(Massachusetts General Hospital)、密涅瓦大學(Minerva University)和哈佛醫學院(Harvard Medical School)的研究人員寫道:“我們的分析表明,奧密克戎變體的內在嚴重性可能和以前的變體一樣嚴重。”
研究中使用的數據顯示,與之前的新冠肺炎疫情相比,奧密克戎疫情造成的住院人數和死亡人數更少——然而,當根據人口統計數據、疫苗接種狀態和并發病作出調整后,研究人員發現奧密克戎本身的危險性并不低。
那么,這怎么解釋早期發現的奧密克戎較溫和,特別是那些來自南非的變體(該變體首次在南非被發現)?
在那里,西方國家最初不相信表明奧密克戎溫和的數據,這讓金山大學(University of the Witwatersrand)的疫苗學教授、世界衛生組織(World Health Organization)的高級顧問沙比爾·馬迪等人感到惱火。
5月5日,馬迪告訴《財富》雜志,他認同奧密克戎“致命性不一定低于早期的變種,這一點可以從中國香港的經驗中看出”。
盡管如此,在南非,自新冠肺炎疫情爆發以來,這波奧密克戎疫情造成的死亡人數占因新冠疫情死亡總人數的7%左右,而之前的德爾塔疫情造成的死亡人數占因新冠疫情死亡總人數的45%左右。
馬迪說:“[奧密克戎]‘較溫和’的原因是民眾免疫力的提高,免疫力主要是在感染病毒后產生的,并輔以適度的疫苗接種,[奧密克戎]‘較溫和’的原因不一定是變體內在的毒力較低。”
世界衛生組織在5月5日表示,到2021年年底,全球可能有約1490萬人死于新型冠狀病毒,幾乎是官方死亡人數的三倍(官方死亡人數約為540萬)。
世界衛生組織的計算是基于“超額死亡率”的統計數據,“超額死亡率”計算了與原本的預期相比,在新冠肺炎疫情期間多出來的死亡人數。
死亡人數不僅包括那些直接死于新型冠狀病毒的人,還包括那些因為不堪重負的醫療保健系統無法充分治療患有其他疾病的患者而死亡的人。(財富中文網)
譯者:中慧言-王芳
Is the fast-spreading Omicron milder than previous COVID-19 variants? Not according to a new large-scale study in Massachusetts, which suggests its apparent mildness comes down to vaccination uptake and other factors.
The study examined hospital admissions and death rates throughout various COVID waves, covering the experiences of 130,000 patients.
It has not yet been peer-reviewed, but it appears to show that—despite appearances—the essential threat of hospitalization and death stayed consistent across the different variants causing those waves.
"Our analysis suggests that the intrinsic severity of the Omicron variant may be as severe as previous variants," wrote the researchers from Massachusetts General Hospital, Minerva University, and Harvard Medical School.
The data used in the study showed the Omicron wave generated fewer hospital admissions and deaths than previous waves had—however, when adjusting for demographics, vaccination status, and comorbidities, the researchers found Omicron to be no less dangerous in itself.
So how does this square up with earlier findings that Omicron was milder, in particular those coming from South Africa, where the variant was first identified?
There, the West's initial disbelief about the data indicating mildness was a major source of irritation for figures such as Shabir Madhi, a professor of vaccinology at the University of the Witwatersrand and a top World Health Organization adviser.
On May 5, Madhi told Fortune that he agreed Omicron was "not necessarily less deadly than earlier variants, as evident from the experience in Hong Kong."
Nonetheless, in the South African context, the Omicron wave caused around 7% of all COVID deaths since the start of the pandemic, as opposed to the preceding Delta wave, which caused around 45%.
"The reason for [Omicron] being 'milder' was because of the evolution of immunity mainly inadvertently from natural infection and complemented by modest vaccine uptake, rather than necessarily from intrinsic lower virulence of the variant," Madhi said.
The World Health Organization said on May 5 that about 14.9 million people around the world were likely to have died from COVID by the end of 2021—nearly three times the official death toll, which was around 5.4 million.
The WHO based its calculation on "excess mortality" statistics that count how many more people died during the pandemic than could otherwise have been expected to die.
The toll includes not only those who directly succumbed to COVID, but also those who died because overwhelmed health care systems could not sufficiently treat them for other conditions.