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成癮藥物令消費者痛苦不堪,家族藥企卻無動于衷

Carmela Chirinos
2022-03-20

瑞安·漢普頓曾經因為使用奧施康定而上癮,為此他與薩克勒家族對質。

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就薩克勒家族在阿片類藥物危機中扮演的角色,一位前奧施康定(OxyContin)的成癮者最近有機會與擁有普渡制藥公司(Purdue Pharmaceutical)的薩克勒家族對質。

上周,瑞安·漢普頓在為受害者舉行的和解聽證會上說:“你們很清楚你們做了什么。我希望不論是清醒時分,還是入睡時分,每位受害者的面孔都縈繞在你們的腦海中。”

在Zoom視頻聽證會上,24名阿片類藥物成癮受害者向大衛(wèi)·薩克勒、理查德·薩克勒和特蕾莎·薩克勒講述了他們令人心碎的故事,他們因為奧施康定成癮而失去了很多東西。

瑞安·漢普頓對面前這些有錢人的反應頗為震驚,這些人十分冷漠,沒有絲毫的同理心。

他在最近接受《財富》雜志采訪時說:“感覺就像我們在和雕像說話一樣,他們沒有點頭或是流淚。”

瑞安·漢普頓分享了他成癮和康復的故事,并表示他希望薩克勒家族能夠為他們在影響數(shù)百萬美國人的阿片類藥物危機中所扮演的角色負責。

被成癮偷走的美好生活

近二十年前,漢普頓生活在拉斯維加斯,曾經擔任政治組織者,前途一片光明。

父親去世后,他的未來很快發(fā)生了變化,他搬回佛羅里達州治療膝蓋和腳踝。他的主治醫(yī)生將他轉介到一家疼痛診所,并給他開了奧施康定。

“一次又一次就診,我被告知如果我對藥物有依賴性,就無需擔心,這是正常情況,這一現(xiàn)象被稱為假性成癮,并不是真正的成癮,只是成癮的表象。”漢普頓說。

醫(yī)生繼續(xù)增加他的藥物劑量,短短幾年內,他完全依賴藥片才可以正常生活。最終,為了獲得最初從藥片中感受到的快感,他開始吸食海洛因。

在濫用阿片類藥物十多年后,漢普頓在洛杉磯無家可歸,并開始吸食海洛因。

漢普頓說:“我曾經多次服藥過量,那時我正在尋找一個避難所,我媽媽勸我尋求幫助。”

漢普頓在公共衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)中奔走,最終找到藥物輔助治療,挽救了他的生命。

“試圖獲取我所需要的資源來戒癮是一場噩夢,我很高興我得到了幫助,但如果我沒有戒癮的話,我最終就會走向死亡。”漢普頓告訴《財富》雜志。

自2015年以來,漢普頓一直在成癮康復中,并在成功戒癮后找到了Uber司機的工作。

如今,漢普頓成為了一名作家兼活動家,致力于為阿片類藥物成癮者伸張正義。

“很多我深愛和關心的人死于服藥過量,他們被剝奪了健康生活的權利,被趕出病房,死在離我住的地方僅有幾個街區(qū)的街角,這些令人悲痛的事件引導我走上了這樣一條道路:作為康復社區(qū),我們能夠付出怎樣的努力來防止過量服藥致死。”漢普頓告訴《財富》雜志。

薩克勒家族扮演的角色

億萬富翁薩克勒家族旗下?lián)碛胁㈩I導普渡制藥公司,該公司于1996年推出了奧施康定。它被推銷為一種非成癮性的緩釋處方止痛藥,并很快被開給全美數(shù)百萬人。

多年來,過量服藥致死都與這種處方藥有關。隨著時間的推移,因為越來越難拿到處方藥,病人轉而服用更烈性的藥物。

根據(jù)美國疾病控制和預防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)的數(shù)據(jù),自 1999 年危機開始以來,已經有超過23萬名美國人死于過量服用處方阿片類藥物。此外,美國約有50萬人死于過量服用阿片類藥物。雖然薩克勒家族從未面臨刑事指控,但他們已經支付2.35億美元來解決針對他們的民事訴訟。

2019年,普渡制藥公司進入破產程序。

雖然從歷史上看,薩克勒家族對這場危機表示遺憾,但他們從未道歉。

普渡制藥公司分別在2007年和2020年因為其在阿片類藥物營銷中所發(fā)揮的作用而對聯(lián)邦重罪指控認罪。罪證文件揭露了某些薩克勒家族成員如何鼓勵擴大處方阿片類藥物的銷售。他們都沒有受到指控,也沒有跡象表明他們將來會被起訴。

漢普頓告訴《財富》雜志,與薩克勒家族成員直接對話讓他得到了安慰。

與薩克勒家族交談直接減輕了他的負擔,讓他覺得自己可以繼續(xù)生活下去。但是,他仍然覺得這個家族需要承擔相應的責任。

擺脫過去,邁步向前

和解協(xié)議仍然需采取多項行動才能夠生效,薩克勒家族將提供1億美元用于支付和醫(yī)療檢測因為阿片類藥物戒斷而出生的兒童,并為美洲土著部落提供1.5億美元。

薩克勒家族也被要求放棄公司所有權,并引導公司朝遏制疫情的方向轉型。為了換取未來阿片類藥物訴訟的豁免權,預計薩克勒家族將支付約60億美元。

曾經以慈善捐贈而聞名的薩克勒家族,也看到他們的名字從建筑物中移除,這些建筑包括紐約大都會藝術博物館(The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York)、史密森尼博物館(The Smithsonian)和耶魯大學醫(yī)學院(Yale University's medical school)。

據(jù)《耶魯每日新聞》(Yale Daily News)報道,該校發(fā)表聲明稱,他們在一年前就決定與薩克勒家族斷絕關系,但直到上周才公開。作為和解協(xié)議的一部分,億萬富翁家族為他們卷入危機而道歉,并允許各機構將他們的名字從建筑物中移除。

漢普頓也為重新開始生活做出了自己的努力,并寫了一本名為《未決之事》(Unsettled)的書,講述了普渡制藥公司的破產是如何讓美國過量服藥危機受害者失望的。美國司法部(Department of Justice)的債權人委員會指定他來代表普渡案中超過138000名受害者。

“我參與這個案子時認為薩克勒家族是這個故事中的終極反派,而且在參與這個案子時,我曾經打算寫一本關于薩克勒家族的書,但是當我進入破產程序環(huán)節(jié)時,我了解到這個故事牽扯的遠不止薩克勒家族,這個故事本身是一個過程,也了解到破產過程是多么的破裂和不公平。”他告訴《財富》雜志。

他說,大公司和大政府在受害者面前募集錢款,而且通常都會獲得更多的錢。他說,這歸因于“社會對康復中的人、陷入困境中的家庭和吸毒者仍然存在偏見和歧視”。

現(xiàn)在,康復社區(qū)想對薩克勒家族提出刑事指控。

漢普頓告訴《財富》雜志,從第一天起,“沒有一位聯(lián)邦助理檢察官或司法部部長對薩克勒家族提出起訴或讓薩克勒家族接受大陪審團提出的起訴。”漢普頓說:“美國司法部需要做好他們份內的工作,不要在受害者和解問題上玩弄政治,還需要追究薩克勒家族的刑事責任。”

為提供更多資源和康復機會,聯(lián)邦政府和州政府需要加快計劃,并加大資金投入。

“作為美國納稅人,我為這些服務繳稅,但我卻沒有享受到這些服務。”漢普頓說。

“每個人都可以發(fā)揮作用,幫助結束這場過量服藥危機,并防止另一家普渡制藥公司出現(xiàn)。無論他們是受影響的個人、家庭成員,還是現(xiàn)在正在苦苦掙扎的人,他們都能夠發(fā)揮作用,讓公共政策制定者負責。”漢普頓說。

涉及的其他公司

雖然普渡制藥公司參與并促進了阿片類藥物的銷售是不爭的事實,但其實還有許多其他大型美國公司也因為參與其中而被詬病。

美源伯根公司(Amerisource Bergen)、卡地納健康集團(Cardinal Health)、強生公司(Johnson & Johnson)和麥克森公司(McKesson)已經同意達成一項總價值約260億美元的交易。這些錢大部分將用于應對此次危機。

2020年,公開文件顯示麥肯錫公司(McKinsey)與普渡制藥公司和薩克勒家族成員合作密切。此后,麥肯錫公司在其網站上發(fā)表公開聲明,對其為促進奧施康定和其他阿片類藥物的銷售所做的努力表示遺憾。(財富中文網)

譯者:ZHY

就薩克勒家族在阿片類藥物危機中扮演的角色,一位前奧施康定(OxyContin)的成癮者最近有機會與擁有普渡制藥公司(Purdue Pharmaceutical)的薩克勒家族對質。

上周,瑞安·漢普頓在為受害者舉行的和解聽證會上說:“你們很清楚你們做了什么。我希望不論是清醒時分,還是入睡時分,每位受害者的面孔都縈繞在你們的腦海中。”

在Zoom視頻聽證會上,24名阿片類藥物成癮受害者向大衛(wèi)·薩克勒、理查德·薩克勒和特蕾莎·薩克勒講述了他們令人心碎的故事,他們因為奧施康定成癮而失去了很多東西。

瑞安·漢普頓對面前這些有錢人的反應頗為震驚,這些人十分冷漠,沒有絲毫的同理心。

他在最近接受《財富》雜志采訪時說:“感覺就像我們在和雕像說話一樣,他們沒有點頭或是流淚。”

瑞安·漢普頓分享了他成癮和康復的故事,并表示他希望薩克勒家族能夠為他們在影響數(shù)百萬美國人的阿片類藥物危機中所扮演的角色負責。

被成癮偷走的美好生活

近二十年前,漢普頓生活在拉斯維加斯,曾經擔任政治組織者,前途一片光明。

父親去世后,他的未來很快發(fā)生了變化,他搬回佛羅里達州治療膝蓋和腳踝。他的主治醫(yī)生將他轉介到一家疼痛診所,并給他開了奧施康定。

“一次又一次就診,我被告知如果我對藥物有依賴性,就無需擔心,這是正常情況,這一現(xiàn)象被稱為假性成癮,并不是真正的成癮,只是成癮的表象。”漢普頓說。

醫(yī)生繼續(xù)增加他的藥物劑量,短短幾年內,他完全依賴藥片才可以正常生活。最終,為了獲得最初從藥片中感受到的快感,他開始吸食海洛因。

在濫用阿片類藥物十多年后,漢普頓在洛杉磯無家可歸,并開始吸食海洛因。

漢普頓說:“我曾經多次服藥過量,那時我正在尋找一個避難所,我媽媽勸我尋求幫助。”

漢普頓在公共衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)中奔走,最終找到藥物輔助治療,挽救了他的生命。

“試圖獲取我所需要的資源來戒癮是一場噩夢,我很高興我得到了幫助,但如果我沒有戒癮的話,我最終就會走向死亡。”漢普頓告訴《財富》雜志。

自2015年以來,漢普頓一直在成癮康復中,并在成功戒癮后找到了Uber司機的工作。

如今,漢普頓成為了一名作家兼活動家,致力于為阿片類藥物成癮者伸張正義。

“很多我深愛和關心的人死于服藥過量,他們被剝奪了健康生活的權利,被趕出病房,死在離我住的地方僅有幾個街區(qū)的街角,這些令人悲痛的事件引導我走上了這樣一條道路:作為康復社區(qū),我們能夠付出怎樣的努力來防止過量服藥致死。”漢普頓告訴《財富》雜志。

薩克勒家族扮演的角色

億萬富翁薩克勒家族旗下?lián)碛胁㈩I導普渡制藥公司,該公司于1996年推出了奧施康定。它被推銷為一種非成癮性的緩釋處方止痛藥,并很快被開給全美數(shù)百萬人。

多年來,過量服藥致死都與這種處方藥有關。隨著時間的推移,因為越來越難拿到處方藥,病人轉而服用更烈性的藥物。

根據(jù)美國疾病控制和預防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)的數(shù)據(jù),自 1999 年危機開始以來,已經有超過23萬名美國人死于過量服用處方阿片類藥物。此外,美國約有50萬人死于過量服用阿片類藥物。雖然薩克勒家族從未面臨刑事指控,但他們已經支付2.35億美元來解決針對他們的民事訴訟。

2019年,普渡制藥公司進入破產程序。

雖然從歷史上看,薩克勒家族對這場危機表示遺憾,但他們從未道歉。

普渡制藥公司分別在2007年和2020年因為其在阿片類藥物營銷中所發(fā)揮的作用而對聯(lián)邦重罪指控認罪。罪證文件揭露了某些薩克勒家族成員如何鼓勵擴大處方阿片類藥物的銷售。他們都沒有受到指控,也沒有跡象表明他們將來會被起訴。

漢普頓告訴《財富》雜志,與薩克勒家族成員直接對話讓他得到了安慰。

與薩克勒家族交談直接減輕了他的負擔,讓他覺得自己可以繼續(xù)生活下去。但是,他仍然覺得這個家族需要承擔相應的責任。

擺脫過去,邁步向前

和解協(xié)議仍然需采取多項行動才能夠生效,薩克勒家族將提供1億美元用于支付和醫(yī)療檢測因為阿片類藥物戒斷而出生的兒童,并為美洲土著部落提供1.5億美元。

薩克勒家族也被要求放棄公司所有權,并引導公司朝遏制疫情的方向轉型。為了換取未來阿片類藥物訴訟的豁免權,預計薩克勒家族將支付約60億美元。

曾經以慈善捐贈而聞名的薩克勒家族,也看到他們的名字從建筑物中移除,這些建筑包括紐約大都會藝術博物館(The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York)、史密森尼博物館(The Smithsonian)和耶魯大學醫(yī)學院(Yale University's medical school)。

據(jù)《耶魯每日新聞》(Yale Daily News)報道,該校發(fā)表聲明稱,他們在一年前就決定與薩克勒家族斷絕關系,但直到上周才公開。作為和解協(xié)議的一部分,億萬富翁家族為他們卷入危機而道歉,并允許各機構將他們的名字從建筑物中移除。

漢普頓也為重新開始生活做出了自己的努力,并寫了一本名為《未決之事》(Unsettled)的書,講述了普渡制藥公司的破產是如何讓美國過量服藥危機受害者失望的。美國司法部(Department of Justice)的債權人委員會指定他來代表普渡案中超過138000名受害者。

“我參與這個案子時認為薩克勒家族是這個故事中的終極反派,而且在參與這個案子時,我曾經打算寫一本關于薩克勒家族的書,但是當我進入破產程序環(huán)節(jié)時,我了解到這個故事牽扯的遠不止薩克勒家族,這個故事本身是一個過程,也了解到破產過程是多么的破裂和不公平。”他告訴《財富》雜志。

他說,大公司和大政府在受害者面前募集錢款,而且通常都會獲得更多的錢。他說,這歸因于“社會對康復中的人、陷入困境中的家庭和吸毒者仍然存在偏見和歧視”。

現(xiàn)在,康復社區(qū)想對薩克勒家族提出刑事指控。

漢普頓告訴《財富》雜志,從第一天起,“沒有一位聯(lián)邦助理檢察官或司法部部長對薩克勒家族提出起訴或讓薩克勒家族接受大陪審團提出的起訴。”漢普頓說:“美國司法部需要做好他們份內的工作,不要在受害者和解問題上玩弄政治,還需要追究薩克勒家族的刑事責任。”

為提供更多資源和康復機會,聯(lián)邦政府和州政府需要加快計劃,并加大資金投入。

“作為美國納稅人,我為這些服務繳稅,但我卻沒有享受到這些服務。”漢普頓說。

“每個人都可以發(fā)揮作用,幫助結束這場過量服藥危機,并防止另一家普渡制藥公司出現(xiàn)。無論他們是受影響的個人、家庭成員,還是現(xiàn)在正在苦苦掙扎的人,他們都能夠發(fā)揮作用,讓公共政策制定者負責。”漢普頓說。

涉及的其他公司

雖然普渡制藥公司參與并促進了阿片類藥物的銷售是不爭的事實,但其實還有許多其他大型美國公司也因為參與其中而被詬病。

美源伯根公司(Amerisource Bergen)、卡地納健康集團(Cardinal Health)、強生公司(Johnson & Johnson)和麥克森公司(McKesson)已經同意達成一項總價值約260億美元的交易。這些錢大部分將用于應對此次危機。

2020年,公開文件顯示麥肯錫公司(McKinsey)與普渡制藥公司和薩克勒家族成員合作密切。此后,麥肯錫公司在其網站上發(fā)表公開聲明,對其為促進奧施康定和其他阿片類藥物的銷售所做的努力表示遺憾。(財富中文網)

譯者:ZHY

A former OxyContin addict recently had the chance to confront Purdue Pharma’s Sackler family for their role in the opioid crisis.

"You know what you did. I hope that every single victim's face haunts your every single waking moment and your sleeping ones too,” Ryan Hampton said in a settlement hearing for victims last week.

During the Zoom hearing, 24 victims of opioid addiction told David, Richard, and Theresa Sackler heartbreaking stories about what they had lost because of OxyContin.

Hampton was shocked by what he saw as the wealthy family’s lack of empathy and emotion.

“It felt like we were talking to statues,” he said in a recent interview with Fortune. “There were no nods or tears on their ends."

Hampton shared his story of addiction and recovery, and said he hopes the Sackler family will be held accountable for their role in the opioid crisis that affects millions of Americans.

Promising life stolen by addiction

Nearly two decades ago, Hampton was a promising Las Vegas political organizer with a bright future.

His future quickly changed after his father passed away, and he moved back to Florida to seek treatment for a knee and ankle injury. His primary care doctor referred him to a pain clinic, and he was prescribed OxyContin.

"Visit after visit, I was told not to worry if I had a dependence on the medication. That it was normal and it was called pseudoaddiction, which I was told was not really an addiction, just the appearance of addiction," Hampton said.

The doctors continued to up his dose of the medication, and within a few years he was completely dependent on the pills to function. Eventually, he started using heroin to mimic the high he initially felt from the pills.

After abusing opioids for more than a decade, Hampton was in Los Angeles, homeless and shooting up heroin.

“I had multiple overdoses and was looking for a roof over my head at the time, and my mom pushed me to seek help,” Hampton said.

Hampton navigated the public health system, and eventually found medication-assisted treatment that saved his life.

“It was a nightmare trying to get the resources I needed to get help, and I am glad I got help when I did otherwise; I would've ended up dead,” Hampton told Fortune.

Hampton has been in recovery since 2015, and found work as an Uber driver after getting sober.

Today, he is an author and activist focused on justice for opioid addicts.

“People that I loved and cared about deeply were dying of overdoses, they were being denied access to health, they were being kicked out of hospital rooms, they were dying on the street corners just a few blocks from where I was living, and it really led me into this journey of what we can be doing as a community, as a recovery community to prevent this overdose deaths,” Hampton told Fortune.

The Sackler family’s role

Purdue Pharmaceutical, a company owned and led by the billionaire Sackler family, released OxyContin in 1996. It was marketed as a non-addictive, extended-release prescription painkiller and was soon prescribed to millions across the U.S.

Many fatal overdoses throughout the years were associated with the prescription drug. As years passed and the prescription was harder to obtain, users turned to harder drugs.

Since the crisis began in 1999, more than 230,000 Americans died from prescription opioid-related overdoses, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Additionally, around 500,000 people died from opioid overdoses in the U.S. While the Sackler family has never faced criminal charges, they have paid $235 million to solve civil claims against them.

In 2019, Purdue Pharma entered bankruptcy proceedings.

While historically, the Sackler family has expressed regret over the crisis, they have never apologized.

In 2007, and then again in 2020, the company pleaded guilty to federal crimes for its role in marketing opioids. Incriminating documents expose how some members of the Sackler family encouraged the increase of prescription opioid sales. None of them have been charged, and there are no indications they will be in the future.

Hampton told Fortune that speaking directly to a member of the Sackler family gave him closure.

Talking to the family directly lifted a weight off his shoulders, and made him feel he could move on with his life. He still feels, however, that the family needs to be held accountable.

Moving forward

The settlement, which still requires multiple actions to take effect, will provide around $100 million for payments and medical monitoring for children born with withdrawal from opioids and $150 million for Native American tribes.

The Sackler family was also called to give up ownership of their company and steer it toward stemming the epidemic. In exchange for immunity from future opioid lawsuits, the Sackler family is expected to pay around $6 billion.

Once famous for their philanthropic donations, the Sackler's have also seen their name stripped from buildings including The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, The Smithsonian, and Yale University's medical school.

According to the Yale Daily News, the school released a statement saying that they had decided to sever ties with the family a year ago, but only made it public last week. As part of the settlement, the billionaire family has apologized for their involvement in the crisis and allowed institutions to remove their name from buildings.

Hampton has also done his part to move forward and wrote a book called Unsettled that talks about how the Purdue bankruptcy failed the victims of the American overdose crisis. He was appointed by the Department of Justice creditors' committee representing over 138,000 victims in the Purdue case.

"I entered the case thinking that the Sacklers were the ultimate villains in this story, and had been planning on writing a book about them when I entered the case, but when I got into the bankruptcy process, I learned that the story was much larger than just the Sacklers, the story was the process, how deeply broken and inequitable the bankruptcy process is," he told Fortune.

He says that big corporations and big governments collect their dollars before victims, and more often than not, they get more money. He says this is attributed to "the prejudice and discrimination that still exist towards people in recovery, families that have struggled, and people that use drugs."

What the recovering community wants now are criminal charges against the Sacklers.

From day one, "not one single assistant United States attorney, or attorney general has indicted or had the Sackler family sit through a grand jury," Hampton told Fortune. "The DOJ needs to do their job and stop playing politics with the victims' settlement and needs to hold the Sacklers criminally liable," Hampton said.

To increase resources and access to recovery, the federal and state governments need to step up their plans and funding.

"As an American taxpayer, I pay taxes for these services, but I don't receive them" he said.

"Every single person has a role to play in helping to end this overdose crisis and preventing another Purdue Pharma from happening again. The role that they can play whether they are an individual impacted or a family member, or someone struggling right now is to hold their public policy makers accountable," Hampton said.

Other companies involved

While Purdue's involvement in promoting opioid sales is undeniable, many other large U.S. corporations are also facing criticism.

Amerisource Bergen, Cardinal Health, Johnson & Johnson, and McKesson, have agreed to a deal worth around $26 billion combined. Most of this money is to be spent fighting the crisis.

In 2020, documents were also made public that showed McKinsey worked closely with Purdue Pharma and members of the Sackler family. Since then, McKinsey and Company made a public statement on its website expressing regret of its efforts to boost sales from OxyContin and other opioids.

財富中文網所刊載內容之知識產權為財富媒體知識產權有限公司及/或相關權利人專屬所有或持有。未經許可,禁止進行轉載、摘編、復制及建立鏡像等任何使用。
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