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通脹讓生活必需品漲價(jià),人們應(yīng)該如何保持收支平衡?

Megan Leonhardt
2022-03-16

生活開支不斷上漲,對(duì)許多美國人來說,保持收支平衡愈發(fā)困難。

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最近,食品和住房等生活必需品的價(jià)格持續(xù)上漲。專家表示,因?yàn)槎砹_斯入侵烏克蘭,對(duì)天然氣、小麥和玉米生產(chǎn)造成了影響,因而物價(jià)上漲可能才剛剛開始。

生活開支不斷上漲,對(duì)許多美國人來說,保持收支平衡愈發(fā)困難。

上個(gè)月,美國的消費(fèi)品和服務(wù)價(jià)格上漲7.9%,創(chuàng)40年來新高。3月10日最新公布的消費(fèi)者價(jià)格指數(shù)(CPI)報(bào)告顯示,2月美國CPI環(huán)比上漲0.8%,而此前幾個(gè)月,CPI一直處于下降態(tài)勢(shì)。

“物價(jià)急劇上漲,這種意外情況突然出現(xiàn),常常讓人們沮喪萬分,難于把預(yù)算控制在合理范圍之內(nèi)。”總部位于佛羅里達(dá)的理財(cái)規(guī)劃公司W(wǎng)ELLth Financial Planning的創(chuàng)始人、注冊(cè)理財(cái)規(guī)劃師克里斯·迪奧達(dá)托說道。

羅斯福研究所(Roosevelt Institute)的宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)分析副主任勞倫·梅洛迪亞表示,2月約75%的通脹產(chǎn)生于食品、能源和住房這三個(gè)領(lǐng)域。

食品雜貨價(jià)格僅在2月就上漲了1.4%,過去12個(gè)月上漲了8.6%。今年2月,能源價(jià)格飆升6.6%,驅(qū)使能源成本上漲約3.5%,而1月僅上漲0.9%。然而,俄羅斯2月24日才入侵烏克蘭,戰(zhàn)爭的真正影響還未開始真正顯現(xiàn),就出現(xiàn)了以上的價(jià)格波動(dòng)。

住房成本占CPI構(gòu)成的三分之一,可以說是每月最大家庭支出之一。2月,美國住房成本上漲了0.5%。雖然漲幅似乎不算很大,但從CPI包含的所有類別消費(fèi)品(食品和能源類除外)的月度價(jià)格上漲總額度來看,住房成本的上漲占到了40%以上。

“這些都是基本生活必需品,人們不能拖著不買,也不能用別的東西替代。每個(gè)月都得支付房租或者繳納房貸,每天都要吃飯。還有,必須購買電力和汽油,才能上班工作、照顧家人。”梅洛迪亞說。

美國金融服務(wù)集團(tuán)PNC的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家?guī)鞝柼亍ぬm金稱,物價(jià)的環(huán)比上漲表明,通脹惡化的原因源于目前的各種現(xiàn)狀,并非僅僅是新冠疫情的“溢出效應(yīng)”。“通脹在所有消費(fèi)領(lǐng)域都根深蒂固。”蘭金說。他還指出,未來數(shù)月,通脹水平可能會(huì)持續(xù)保持在高位。

生活成本持續(xù)上漲,意味著即使許多美國人的工資水平上漲,也必須重新嚴(yán)格規(guī)劃支出。2月美國平均時(shí)薪增長了6.7%。但蘭金指出:“即使各行業(yè)工資水平都出現(xiàn)健康增長,可能也趕不上消費(fèi)價(jià)格上漲的速度。”

人們應(yīng)該認(rèn)真審視支出狀況了

那么,美國人應(yīng)該如何跟上生活成本上漲的步伐?金融專家建議,很多時(shí)候應(yīng)該采取的對(duì)策都可以歸結(jié)為常識(shí)性的方法,即限制不必要的支出,并盡量挑選價(jià)格合適的消費(fèi)品去購買。

“與其在消費(fèi)方面進(jìn)行一次徹底的改變,我通常傾向于頻繁地進(jìn)行微調(diào),這樣會(huì)感覺沒有那么痛苦。”總部位于威斯康星州的金融理財(cái)規(guī)劃公司Kindness Financial Planning的創(chuàng)始人、金融理財(cái)師埃利奧特·阿佩爾說道。

毫無疑問,當(dāng)生活基本必需品的價(jià)格飛漲時(shí),很難保持預(yù)算收支平衡,阿佩爾補(bǔ)充說。其他財(cái)務(wù)規(guī)劃師也表示,現(xiàn)在美國人應(yīng)該重新審視自己的全部生活預(yù)算,要能夠區(qū)分哪些支出是絕對(duì)必要的,哪些是可以省下的。

金融理財(cái)師杰伊·齊格蒙特是總部位于密西西比的金融理財(cái)公司Live, Learn, Plan的創(chuàng)始人。他把支出分為四類:必須、應(yīng)該、可以、絕不。“必須”的支出是沒有商量余地的,而且是首當(dāng)其沖的,只有支付這些費(fèi)用,才能夠有吃有住。這類支出還包括對(duì)任何未償債務(wù)的最低償還額。隨后是“應(yīng)該”的支出,這些支出并不是生活必需,但從長遠(yuǎn)來看是有用的,比如預(yù)存的緊急情況支出和退休儲(chǔ)蓄金。“可能”的支出指的是可以自由支配的部分。齊格蒙特說:“隨著物價(jià)上漲,很多東西我們可能都買不起了,如果是這樣,就‘可能’看情況而定。”

而對(duì)于另外一些支出,人們就要告訴自己“絕不”掏錢。要省下這部分支出,能夠從容易實(shí)現(xiàn)的項(xiàng)目開始,例如取消訂閱服務(wù)或減少外出就餐。還有,或許可以考慮去較便宜的食品店購物,把昂貴的健身會(huì)員卡換成便宜的,或者干脆在家健身。“大多數(shù)人都訂閱了相當(dāng)多的服務(wù),至少能夠取消一項(xiàng)吧。”齊格蒙特說。

人們也可以嘗試通過協(xié)商講價(jià),降低每月賬單的花銷,特別是有線電視、網(wǎng)絡(luò)寬帶和電話費(fèi)。阿佩爾建議:“打電話給供應(yīng)商,問問能否打折,或者讓他們介紹一下其他套餐。”最近,他通過這種方法為一個(gè)家人每月節(jié)省了30美元的有線電視費(fèi),同時(shí)所有主要的電視頻道也都還能夠觀看。

一個(gè)人的預(yù)算就這么多錢,這是無法變更的底線。然而,可能有一些項(xiàng)目或服務(wù),可以換成更便宜的替代品,或者徹底取消。

總部位于馬薩諸塞州的金融規(guī)劃公司Beyond Your Hammock的創(chuàng)始人、理財(cái)規(guī)劃師埃里克·羅貝熱說:“我們大多數(shù)人都有一部分能夠自由支配的支出,純粹用于想要的東西,而非需要的東西。”

花大力氣找折扣

預(yù)計(jì)汽油價(jià)格將繼續(xù)大幅上漲,因此值得花幾分鐘時(shí)間去找找,是否有更低價(jià)的加油地點(diǎn)。下載像GasBuddy這樣的免費(fèi)應(yīng)用程序,可以查詢附近加油站的價(jià)格,從而確定哪家最便宜。

在食品雜貨店或倉儲(chǔ)會(huì)員店運(yùn)營的加油站,人們也能夠享受加油折扣。“我發(fā)現(xiàn),山姆會(huì)員商店(Sam 's Club)和開市客(Costco)等倉儲(chǔ)會(huì)員店的加油站,經(jīng)常比其他加油站便宜15%到20%。尤其是對(duì)經(jīng)常開車的人來說,省下的油錢可以輕松支付這些倉儲(chǔ)店的會(huì)員費(fèi)用。”迪奧達(dá)托向《財(cái)富》雜志表示。

另一個(gè)建議是:檢查信用卡是否有返現(xiàn)金的優(yōu)惠——然后每月用這些累積額度去抵扣部分刷卡花銷。有幾種Discover和Chase的信用卡,到明年3月為止能夠在食品雜貨店享受5%的現(xiàn)金返還。

此外,使用Ibotta、Coupon Sherpa和RetailMeNot等應(yīng)用程序,也可以拿到優(yōu)惠券和折扣,幫助消費(fèi)者節(jié)省購物費(fèi)用。

但必須明確的一點(diǎn)是,如果必須付更多的錢才能夠省下另一筆錢,那么就不算省錢。比如,如果必須驅(qū)車30分鐘才可以到達(dá)一加侖便宜幾美分的加油站,或者汽油和牛奶捆綁銷售買一送一,那么花在汽油上的錢可能就比省下的多。迪奧達(dá)托說,他非常認(rèn)同少次大量購物的做法,這樣一來,就能夠減少外出去商店的次數(shù)。

“應(yīng)該試著學(xué)會(huì)批處理自己的各項(xiàng)事務(wù)。我知道,開車去什么地方都很容易,但是汽油價(jià)格越來越高,如果可以在同一天內(nèi)順路去幾個(gè)臨近的地方,把所有事情都辦好,那么可能就會(huì)省下一筆開支。”阿佩爾說。

密切關(guān)注債務(wù)問題

債務(wù)屬于“必須”類別,因?yàn)橹辽倜總€(gè)月都必須支付最低還款額。債務(wù)清償很可能會(huì)在很大程度上決定,人們能夠和哪些銀行進(jìn)行業(yè)務(wù)往來。但理財(cái)規(guī)劃師建議,在這個(gè)充滿不確定因素的時(shí)期,美國人應(yīng)該謹(jǐn)慎償還債務(wù)。

如果手頭有多余的現(xiàn)金,就可以撥出一些來償還信用卡等高息債務(wù),總部位于得克薩斯州的理財(cái)規(guī)劃公司Intentional Living Financial Planning的創(chuàng)始人、金融理財(cái)師吉姆·克賴德表示。根據(jù)債務(wù)額度和能夠支付的額度,這種操作可以每月給生活預(yù)算多留出一些空間。

但如果債務(wù)利率固定且相對(duì)較低,例如30年期抵押貸款或過去幾年利率處于歷史低位時(shí)申請(qǐng)的汽車貸款,多還債并沒有什么幫助,克賴德說。他表示:“如果你的債務(wù)利率固定且較低,而且不存在利率變高或提前‘要債’的情況,那么在高通脹時(shí)期就可能不需要提前還款。”

如果不得不動(dòng)用存款來償還這種債務(wù),那么克賴德的建議就更有用了。現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該擴(kuò)大應(yīng)對(duì)緊急事件的儲(chǔ)蓄額度,在手里留存更多的現(xiàn)金,用來緩沖之后的物價(jià)上漲壓力。如果你現(xiàn)在左支右絀,無法維持收支平衡,那么甚至就應(yīng)該暫時(shí)減少退休儲(chǔ)蓄金,或者推遲購買大件昂貴商品。

物價(jià)上漲讓美國低收入人群再難買到更便宜的日常必需品,因而對(duì)他們的影響尤其嚴(yán)重。

克賴德說:“通貨膨脹對(duì)那些已經(jīng)沒有可支配收入去買非必需品的人影響最大,讓他們的生活雪上加霜。一方面,他們的生活成本變得更加昂貴,另一方面,他們并沒有多少削減預(yù)算的空間。”(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:Transn

最近,食品和住房等生活必需品的價(jià)格持續(xù)上漲。專家表示,因?yàn)槎砹_斯入侵烏克蘭,對(duì)天然氣、小麥和玉米生產(chǎn)造成了影響,因而物價(jià)上漲可能才剛剛開始。

生活開支不斷上漲,對(duì)許多美國人來說,保持收支平衡愈發(fā)困難。

上個(gè)月,美國的消費(fèi)品和服務(wù)價(jià)格上漲7.9%,創(chuàng)40年來新高。3月10日最新公布的消費(fèi)者價(jià)格指數(shù)(CPI)報(bào)告顯示,2月美國CPI環(huán)比上漲0.8%,而此前幾個(gè)月,CPI一直處于下降態(tài)勢(shì)。

“物價(jià)急劇上漲,這種意外情況突然出現(xiàn),常常讓人們沮喪萬分,難于把預(yù)算控制在合理范圍之內(nèi)。”總部位于佛羅里達(dá)的理財(cái)規(guī)劃公司W(wǎng)ELLth Financial Planning的創(chuàng)始人、注冊(cè)理財(cái)規(guī)劃師克里斯·迪奧達(dá)托說道。

羅斯福研究所(Roosevelt Institute)的宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)分析副主任勞倫·梅洛迪亞表示,2月約75%的通脹產(chǎn)生于食品、能源和住房這三個(gè)領(lǐng)域。

食品雜貨價(jià)格僅在2月就上漲了1.4%,過去12個(gè)月上漲了8.6%。今年2月,能源價(jià)格飆升6.6%,驅(qū)使能源成本上漲約3.5%,而1月僅上漲0.9%。然而,俄羅斯2月24日才入侵烏克蘭,戰(zhàn)爭的真正影響還未開始真正顯現(xiàn),就出現(xiàn)了以上的價(jià)格波動(dòng)。

住房成本占CPI構(gòu)成的三分之一,可以說是每月最大家庭支出之一。2月,美國住房成本上漲了0.5%。雖然漲幅似乎不算很大,但從CPI包含的所有類別消費(fèi)品(食品和能源類除外)的月度價(jià)格上漲總額度來看,住房成本的上漲占到了40%以上。

“這些都是基本生活必需品,人們不能拖著不買,也不能用別的東西替代。每個(gè)月都得支付房租或者繳納房貸,每天都要吃飯。還有,必須購買電力和汽油,才能上班工作、照顧家人。”梅洛迪亞說。

美國金融服務(wù)集團(tuán)PNC的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家?guī)鞝柼亍ぬm金稱,物價(jià)的環(huán)比上漲表明,通脹惡化的原因源于目前的各種現(xiàn)狀,并非僅僅是新冠疫情的“溢出效應(yīng)”。“通脹在所有消費(fèi)領(lǐng)域都根深蒂固。”蘭金說。他還指出,未來數(shù)月,通脹水平可能會(huì)持續(xù)保持在高位。

生活成本持續(xù)上漲,意味著即使許多美國人的工資水平上漲,也必須重新嚴(yán)格規(guī)劃支出。2月美國平均時(shí)薪增長了6.7%。但蘭金指出:“即使各行業(yè)工資水平都出現(xiàn)健康增長,可能也趕不上消費(fèi)價(jià)格上漲的速度。”

人們應(yīng)該認(rèn)真審視支出狀況了

那么,美國人應(yīng)該如何跟上生活成本上漲的步伐?金融專家建議,很多時(shí)候應(yīng)該采取的對(duì)策都可以歸結(jié)為常識(shí)性的方法,即限制不必要的支出,并盡量挑選價(jià)格合適的消費(fèi)品去購買。

“與其在消費(fèi)方面進(jìn)行一次徹底的改變,我通常傾向于頻繁地進(jìn)行微調(diào),這樣會(huì)感覺沒有那么痛苦。”總部位于威斯康星州的金融理財(cái)規(guī)劃公司Kindness Financial Planning的創(chuàng)始人、金融理財(cái)師埃利奧特·阿佩爾說道。

毫無疑問,當(dāng)生活基本必需品的價(jià)格飛漲時(shí),很難保持預(yù)算收支平衡,阿佩爾補(bǔ)充說。其他財(cái)務(wù)規(guī)劃師也表示,現(xiàn)在美國人應(yīng)該重新審視自己的全部生活預(yù)算,要能夠區(qū)分哪些支出是絕對(duì)必要的,哪些是可以省下的。

金融理財(cái)師杰伊·齊格蒙特是總部位于密西西比的金融理財(cái)公司Live, Learn, Plan的創(chuàng)始人。他把支出分為四類:必須、應(yīng)該、可以、絕不。“必須”的支出是沒有商量余地的,而且是首當(dāng)其沖的,只有支付這些費(fèi)用,才能夠有吃有住。這類支出還包括對(duì)任何未償債務(wù)的最低償還額。隨后是“應(yīng)該”的支出,這些支出并不是生活必需,但從長遠(yuǎn)來看是有用的,比如預(yù)存的緊急情況支出和退休儲(chǔ)蓄金。“可能”的支出指的是可以自由支配的部分。齊格蒙特說:“隨著物價(jià)上漲,很多東西我們可能都買不起了,如果是這樣,就‘可能’看情況而定。”

而對(duì)于另外一些支出,人們就要告訴自己“絕不”掏錢。要省下這部分支出,能夠從容易實(shí)現(xiàn)的項(xiàng)目開始,例如取消訂閱服務(wù)或減少外出就餐。還有,或許可以考慮去較便宜的食品店購物,把昂貴的健身會(huì)員卡換成便宜的,或者干脆在家健身。“大多數(shù)人都訂閱了相當(dāng)多的服務(wù),至少能夠取消一項(xiàng)吧。”齊格蒙特說。

人們也可以嘗試通過協(xié)商講價(jià),降低每月賬單的花銷,特別是有線電視、網(wǎng)絡(luò)寬帶和電話費(fèi)。阿佩爾建議:“打電話給供應(yīng)商,問問能否打折,或者讓他們介紹一下其他套餐。”最近,他通過這種方法為一個(gè)家人每月節(jié)省了30美元的有線電視費(fèi),同時(shí)所有主要的電視頻道也都還能夠觀看。

一個(gè)人的預(yù)算就這么多錢,這是無法變更的底線。然而,可能有一些項(xiàng)目或服務(wù),可以換成更便宜的替代品,或者徹底取消。

總部位于馬薩諸塞州的金融規(guī)劃公司Beyond Your Hammock的創(chuàng)始人、理財(cái)規(guī)劃師埃里克·羅貝熱說:“我們大多數(shù)人都有一部分能夠自由支配的支出,純粹用于想要的東西,而非需要的東西。”

花大力氣找折扣

預(yù)計(jì)汽油價(jià)格將繼續(xù)大幅上漲,因此值得花幾分鐘時(shí)間去找找,是否有更低價(jià)的加油地點(diǎn)。下載像GasBuddy這樣的免費(fèi)應(yīng)用程序,可以查詢附近加油站的價(jià)格,從而確定哪家最便宜。

在食品雜貨店或倉儲(chǔ)會(huì)員店運(yùn)營的加油站,人們也能夠享受加油折扣。“我發(fā)現(xiàn),山姆會(huì)員商店(Sam 's Club)和開市客(Costco)等倉儲(chǔ)會(huì)員店的加油站,經(jīng)常比其他加油站便宜15%到20%。尤其是對(duì)經(jīng)常開車的人來說,省下的油錢可以輕松支付這些倉儲(chǔ)店的會(huì)員費(fèi)用。”迪奧達(dá)托向《財(cái)富》雜志表示。

另一個(gè)建議是:檢查信用卡是否有返現(xiàn)金的優(yōu)惠——然后每月用這些累積額度去抵扣部分刷卡花銷。有幾種Discover和Chase的信用卡,到明年3月為止能夠在食品雜貨店享受5%的現(xiàn)金返還。

此外,使用Ibotta、Coupon Sherpa和RetailMeNot等應(yīng)用程序,也可以拿到優(yōu)惠券和折扣,幫助消費(fèi)者節(jié)省購物費(fèi)用。

但必須明確的一點(diǎn)是,如果必須付更多的錢才能夠省下另一筆錢,那么就不算省錢。比如,如果必須驅(qū)車30分鐘才可以到達(dá)一加侖便宜幾美分的加油站,或者汽油和牛奶捆綁銷售買一送一,那么花在汽油上的錢可能就比省下的多。迪奧達(dá)托說,他非常認(rèn)同少次大量購物的做法,這樣一來,就能夠減少外出去商店的次數(shù)。

“應(yīng)該試著學(xué)會(huì)批處理自己的各項(xiàng)事務(wù)。我知道,開車去什么地方都很容易,但是汽油價(jià)格越來越高,如果可以在同一天內(nèi)順路去幾個(gè)臨近的地方,把所有事情都辦好,那么可能就會(huì)省下一筆開支。”阿佩爾說。

密切關(guān)注債務(wù)問題

債務(wù)屬于“必須”類別,因?yàn)橹辽倜總€(gè)月都必須支付最低還款額。債務(wù)清償很可能會(huì)在很大程度上決定,人們能夠和哪些銀行進(jìn)行業(yè)務(wù)往來。但理財(cái)規(guī)劃師建議,在這個(gè)充滿不確定因素的時(shí)期,美國人應(yīng)該謹(jǐn)慎償還債務(wù)。

如果手頭有多余的現(xiàn)金,就可以撥出一些來償還信用卡等高息債務(wù),總部位于得克薩斯州的理財(cái)規(guī)劃公司Intentional Living Financial Planning的創(chuàng)始人、金融理財(cái)師吉姆·克賴德表示。根據(jù)債務(wù)額度和能夠支付的額度,這種操作可以每月給生活預(yù)算多留出一些空間。

但如果債務(wù)利率固定且相對(duì)較低,例如30年期抵押貸款或過去幾年利率處于歷史低位時(shí)申請(qǐng)的汽車貸款,多還債并沒有什么幫助,克賴德說。他表示:“如果你的債務(wù)利率固定且較低,而且不存在利率變高或提前‘要債’的情況,那么在高通脹時(shí)期就可能不需要提前還款。”

如果不得不動(dòng)用存款來償還這種債務(wù),那么克賴德的建議就更有用了。現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該擴(kuò)大應(yīng)對(duì)緊急事件的儲(chǔ)蓄額度,在手里留存更多的現(xiàn)金,用來緩沖之后的物價(jià)上漲壓力。如果你現(xiàn)在左支右絀,無法維持收支平衡,那么甚至就應(yīng)該暫時(shí)減少退休儲(chǔ)蓄金,或者推遲購買大件昂貴商品。

物價(jià)上漲讓美國低收入人群再難買到更便宜的日常必需品,因而對(duì)他們的影響尤其嚴(yán)重。

克賴德說:“通貨膨脹對(duì)那些已經(jīng)沒有可支配收入去買非必需品的人影響最大,讓他們的生活雪上加霜。一方面,他們的生活成本變得更加昂貴,另一方面,他們并沒有多少削減預(yù)算的空間。”(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))

譯者:Transn

The cost of essentials, like food and housing, continues to rise, and experts say this might just be the beginning as the Russian invasion of Ukraine impacts gas, wheat, and corn production.

And these rising expenses are making it increasingly difficult for many Americans to stay on track financially.

The price for consumer goods and services jumped 7.9% last month and hit a new 40-year-high. Across the board, prices increased 0.8% month-over-month in February after several months of decline, according to the latest Consumer Price Index report released on March 10.

“This extra element of uncertainty — sharply rising prices — makes budgeting very difficult and often discouraging,” says Chris Diodato, a certified financial planner and founder of Florida-based WELLth Financial Planning.

About 75% of the inflation seen in February came from three sectors: food, energy, and housing, says Lauren Melodia, deputy director of macroeconomic analysis at the Roosevelt Institute

Grocery prices rose 1.4% in February alone and represented an 8.6% increase over the last 12 months. Energy costs rose about 3.5% in February, up from just a 0.9% increase in January. That surge was driven by gas prices, which ballooned by 6.6% last month — and that’s before the true impact of Russia’s Feb. 24 invasion of Ukraine started to take hold.

And housing costs — which make up about a third of the Consumer Price Index and is arguably one of the biggest monthly household expenses — rose 0.5% in February. While that might not seem like a huge hike, it accounted for over 40% of the monthly increase in all the items tracked in the Consumer Price Index outside the food and energy categories.

“These are basic necessities — people cannot delay or substitute them. You have to pay your rent or your mortgage every month," Melodia says. "You have to eat food every day, you need electricity and gasoline to be able to show up for work and take care of your family."

The month-over-month increase demonstrates that current conditions are driving inflation, rather than just continued “spillover effects” of the pandemic, says PNC economist Kurt Rankin. “Inflation is entrenched across all consumer categories,” he added, noting that high inflation is likely to stick around in the months ahead.

These persistently higher living costs mean that many Americans will need to critically re-evaluate their spending, despite seeing more money in their paychecks. Average hourly earnings for workers were up by 6.7% in February. But Rankin says “even healthy wage growth across industries will likely fall short of the pace of consumer price inflation.”

It’s time to take a hard look at your spending

So how do Americans keep pace with these rising costs? In many cases, financial experts say it comes down to common-sense approaches that limit unnecessary spending and uncover the best-possible prices for the goods consumers need.

“My focus is usually on making many small adjustments instead of one large change, so it feels less painful,” says Elliott Appel, CFP and founder of Wisconsin-based Kindness Financial Planning.

There’s no doubt about it, it's tough to stay on budget when prices of basic necessities are skyrocketing, Appel adds. He and other financial planners say now is the time for Americans to review their entire budget and determine what is absolutely needed and what could potentially go.

Jay Zigmont, a CFP and founder of Mississippi-based Live, Learn, Plan, says he breaks down spending into four categories: Musts, Shoulds, Coulds, and Won'ts. The “Must” expenses are non-negotiable, and they must be paid first to keep you fed and a roof over your head. This category also includes the minimum payments on any outstanding debt. “Shoulds” come next as a spending priority and are things that are not required, but help long-term like saving for emergencies and retirement. “Coulds” are discretionary spending. “As prices go up, we may not be able to afford many, if any, ‘Coulds,’” Zigmont says.

The “Won’t” category is for things that you can focus on not buying, he adds. Start with the low-hanging fruit items in your budget, like canceling a subscription service or dining out less. Maybe it's time to consider shopping at lower-cost grocery chains or swapping that expensive gym membership for a lower-cost (or at-home) solution. “Most of us subscribe to quite a few services, and there is probably at least one that could be canceled,” Zigmont says.

It could also be worth trying to negotiate down the price of a monthly bill, particularly television, internet, and phone bills. “Call the provider and ask them for a discount or to hear about different packages,” Appel recommends. He recently did this for a family member and saved $30 a month on a cable bill without losing any channels that were important.

Bottom line, your budget is unique, but there are probably some items or services that you could swap for lower-cost alternatives or cut altogether.

"Most of us also have some discretionary spending that is purely wants-based, not needs-based," says Eric Roberge, CFP and founder of Massachusetts-based Beyond Your Hammock.

Double down on discounts

With gas prices expected to continue their sharp rise, it’s worth taking a few extra minutes to do some digging to find lower prices. Free apps like GasBuddy can help you find the lowest prices at gas stations near you.

You can also take advantage of fuel perks through grocery stores or fueling up at gas stations run by warehouse clubs. “I routinely find gasoline at warehouse clubs like Sam’s and Costco to be 15% to 20% cheaper versus other stations,” Diodato tells Fortune. “The gas savings alone often easily pays for the cost of membership, especially for frequent drivers.”

Another tip: Check your credit cards for cash-back offers — and use the accumulated savings to lower your monthly credit card bills. Certain Discover and Chase credit cards are offering 5% cash back on grocery stores through March.

Additionally, using apps like Ibotta, Coupon Sherpa, and RetailMeNot can help consumers save money on their shopping through coupons and rebates.

But keep in mind that a deal isn’t a deal if you have to spend more to get it. For example, if you have to drive 30 minutes out of your way to save a few cents a gallon of gas or score a buy one, get one deal on milk, you may be spending more on gas than you’re saving. Diodato says he’s a big advocate of buying in bulk, for example, to reduce the number of trips to the store.

“Try to batch your errands together. I know it's easy to hop in the car and go, but with higher gasoline prices, you might benefit from trying to do your errands that are close together on the same day,” Appel says.

Look closely at debt

Debt falls into the "Must" category since you're required to at least make a minimum payment each month, and that can have a big impact on where you can actually save. But financial planners recommend that Americans take a careful approach to paying down debt during these uncertain times.

If you have extra cash on hand, it may be worth using some to pay down high interest debt, such as credit card debt, says Jim Crider, CFP and founder of Texas-based Intentional Living Financial Planning. That can free up some space in your monthly budget, depending on the size of the debt and how much you can afford to pay down.

But if your debts are fixed at a relatively low interest rate, such as a 30-year mortgage or a car loan that was established in the last few years when interest rates were at historic lows, paying any extra won't really help your situation, Crider says. “If you have cheap debt that is fixed — not going to be reset at a higher rate or 'called' early — paying off early may be the wrong move during a high inflationary period,” he says.

That’s especially true if you have to dip into savings to pay off that debt. Now is the time to keep more cash in your emergency savings to help buffer against future price shocks. You might even decide to temporarily reduce your retirement savings or delay making a major purchase if you're struggling to make ends meet.

These price hikes are hitting low-income Americans particularly hard — especially when they're not able to easily find cheaper prices for their everyday purchases.

“To add salt to the wound, the people who are most greatly impacted by inflation are those who already don't have discretionary income to spend on nonessentials, meaning that their lifestyle just became more expensive and there's not much room to trim the budget,” Crider says.

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