1月11日,美國(guó)華盛頓州的居民本杰明·懷特利來(lái)到當(dāng)?shù)氐囊患椅鞣蝽f(Safeway)超市買菜,但他失望地發(fā)現(xiàn),生鮮區(qū)的貨架上空蕩蕩的,只有很少的雞肉、火雞以及牛奶可供選擇。
“貌似我錯(cuò)過(guò)了一切,我現(xiàn)在得想方設(shè)法到處買菜了。”67歲的懷特利說(shuō)。
最近幾周,由于奧密克戎變種毒株的流行,加上北美地區(qū)出現(xiàn)極端天氣,美國(guó)零售企業(yè)面臨的供應(yīng)鏈和勞動(dòng)力短缺問(wèn)題愈發(fā)嚴(yán)重,導(dǎo)致菜市場(chǎng)貨品短缺現(xiàn)象進(jìn)一步加劇。
這一波短缺的涉及范圍很廣,從農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品和肉類到麥片等包裝食品的供給都受到了影響。一般來(lái)說(shuō),美國(guó)菜市場(chǎng)任意時(shí)段的商品缺貨率都在5%到10%之間。不過(guò)據(jù)美國(guó)消費(fèi)品牌協(xié)會(huì)(Consumer Brands Association)的會(huì)長(zhǎng)及首席執(zhí)行官杰夫·弗里曼表示,目前美國(guó)菜市場(chǎng)的缺貨率已經(jīng)上升至15%左右。
美國(guó)之所以出現(xiàn)食品短缺,首先是因?yàn)樾鹿谝咔榈挠绊憦奈礈p弱,而且奧密克戎變種毒株又進(jìn)一步加劇了新冠疫情的影響。目前美國(guó)人在家吃飯的次數(shù)要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)多于新冠疫情爆發(fā)前,特別是在很多企業(yè)和學(xué)校仍然關(guān)閉的情況下。
根據(jù)來(lái)自農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易協(xié)會(huì)FMI的數(shù)據(jù),2021年美國(guó)普通家庭購(gòu)買主副食的支出平均為每周144美元,較2020年161美元的最高點(diǎn)有所下降,但仍然遠(yuǎn)高于2019年的113.5美元。
另外一個(gè)原因是貨車司機(jī)的短缺,這個(gè)問(wèn)題從新冠疫情爆發(fā)前就已經(jīng)顯現(xiàn)。2021年10月,美國(guó)卡車運(yùn)輸協(xié)會(huì)(American Trucking Associations)曾經(jīng)表示,美國(guó)的貨車司機(jī)缺口已達(dá)8萬(wàn)人,創(chuàng)下了歷史新高。
由于物流存在延遲,幾乎所有商品的運(yùn)輸都受到了影響,包括進(jìn)口食品和在海外印刷的食品包裝。
從2020年年初開始,美國(guó)的零售和食品生產(chǎn)企業(yè)一直在努力試應(yīng)這些“新常態(tài)”。在2020年美國(guó)的新冠疫情剛剛爆發(fā)的時(shí)候,老百姓的恐慌性搶購(gòu)一度讓美國(guó)的食品和零售體系陷入極大混亂。在吸取了教訓(xùn)之后,很多零售企業(yè)都加大了廁紙等商品的庫(kù)存,以避免再度出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重短缺。
行業(yè)組織美國(guó)零售行業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者協(xié)會(huì)(Retail Industry Leaders Association)的供應(yīng)鏈副總裁杰西卡·丹科特指出:“現(xiàn)在,供應(yīng)鏈體系里的所有參與者都有了自己的應(yīng)急預(yù)案,能夠應(yīng)對(duì)一些最基本的挑戰(zhàn)。”
通常來(lái)說(shuō),這套體系是有效的。丹科特表示,在過(guò)去20個(gè)月里,美國(guó)的超市和菜市場(chǎng)極少會(huì)出現(xiàn)無(wú)菜可買的現(xiàn)象,只是近來(lái)的一些新問(wèn)題推高了挑戰(zhàn)水平。
奧密克戎變種毒株不僅給醫(yī)院、企業(yè)和學(xué)校帶來(lái)了嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn),也給農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)企業(yè)造成了很大沖擊。美國(guó)康尼格拉食品公司(Conagra Brands)的總裁及首席執(zhí)行官肖恩·康諾利在上周對(duì)投資者表示,受到奧密克戎變種毒株的影響,該公司的生產(chǎn)線出現(xiàn)大量減員,因此該公司美國(guó)工廠的產(chǎn)能不足問(wèn)題將至少持續(xù)至下個(gè)月。
員工染疫問(wèn)題也給菜市場(chǎng)造成了嚴(yán)重影響。Stew Leonard's是一家在康涅狄格州、紐約州和新澤西州都有門店的連鎖超市。該公司的總裁及首席執(zhí)行官小斯圖·萊納德表示,他的公司有200多名員工。一般情況下,員工的請(qǐng)假率大約在2%左右。但上周卻有8%的員工要么請(qǐng)了病假,要么正在隔離。
該公司的超市里有一家面包店,由于太多員工請(qǐng)假,他們只得暫時(shí)下架一些熱門產(chǎn)品,比如一款很受歡迎的蘋果面包屑蛋糕。萊納德還表示,有肉類和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)商對(duì)他說(shuō),他們也遭遇了奧密克戎變種病毒導(dǎo)致的人工短缺問(wèn)題。
不過(guò)萊納德稱,他一般都可以準(zhǔn)時(shí)收到供應(yīng)商送來(lái)的貨品,而且他認(rèn)為新冠疫情最嚴(yán)重的時(shí)候已經(jīng)過(guò)去了。
產(chǎn)品短缺的另外一個(gè)原因是近期極端天氣頻發(fā),比如美國(guó)東北地區(qū)的暴雪和科羅拉多州的山火。極端天氣也促使一些消費(fèi)者比往常更多地囤積商品,從而加劇了新冠疫情造成的供應(yīng)問(wèn)題。
Mom 's Organic Market是一家獨(dú)立食品商超,在美國(guó)中大西洋地區(qū)設(shè)有多家門店。該公司的發(fā)言人麗薩·德利瑪表示,受到嚴(yán)冬天氣的影響,賓夕法尼亞州到華盛頓的公路運(yùn)輸中斷,導(dǎo)致上周該公司的農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品一度沒(méi)有了庫(kù)存。
不過(guò)德利瑪指出,這個(gè)問(wèn)題現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)解決了。在她看來(lái),消費(fèi)者目前看到的某些產(chǎn)品的暫時(shí)性短缺,與2020年新冠疫情剛爆發(fā)時(shí)的相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間的短缺相比,根本不算什么。
她說(shuō):“大家根本沒(méi)有必要進(jìn)行恐慌性搶購(gòu)。商品供給還是很充分的,只不過(guò)現(xiàn)在從A點(diǎn)到B點(diǎn)的運(yùn)輸時(shí)間要長(zhǎng)一些而已。”
至于買菜難的問(wèn)題何時(shí)能夠得到解決,專家們對(duì)此意見不一。
丹科特認(rèn)為,目前的買菜難現(xiàn)象是暫時(shí)的,美國(guó)將很快恢復(fù)到更正常的模式,盡管供應(yīng)鏈和勞動(dòng)短缺問(wèn)題仍將繼續(xù)存在。
“產(chǎn)品短缺現(xiàn)象不會(huì)長(zhǎng)期持續(xù)下去,這只是偶發(fā)的、孤立的事件,供應(yīng)鏈很快就會(huì)跟上。”她說(shuō)。
而其他一些專家就沒(méi)有這么樂(lè)觀了。
美國(guó)消費(fèi)品牌協(xié)會(huì)的會(huì)長(zhǎng)弗里曼認(rèn)為,隨著奧密克戎變種毒株入侵美國(guó)中西部地區(qū),在該地區(qū)有大量業(yè)務(wù)的家樂(lè)氏(Kellogg Co.)和通用磨坊(General Mills Inc.)等大型包裝食品公司必將受到影響,因此,奧密克戎變種毒株對(duì)食品行業(yè)的沖擊或?qū)⑦M(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大。
弗里曼認(rèn)為,美國(guó)聯(lián)邦政府應(yīng)該拿出有效措施,確保基本食品行業(yè)工人可以獲得核酸檢測(cè)。他還希望政府圍繞食品工人的隔離程序和疫苗接種出臺(tái)統(tǒng)一規(guī)定。因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在各地對(duì)新冠疫情防控各行其政,給企業(yè)帶來(lái)很大困擾。
“我認(rèn)為,就像之前幾波疫情一樣,奧密克戎疫情也會(huì)逐步減弱。但問(wèn)題是,我們是要被動(dòng)地任憑疫情擺布,還是我們應(yīng)該主動(dòng)生產(chǎn)足夠的檢測(cè)試劑?”
食品行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)FMI負(fù)責(zé)行業(yè)關(guān)系的副總裁道格·貝克表示,從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看,隨著新冠疫情逐步消退,主副食企業(yè)可能還需要一段時(shí)間,才能夠適應(yīng)消費(fèi)者新的采購(gòu)模式。
“食品行業(yè)原本實(shí)行的是零庫(kù)存機(jī)制,但現(xiàn)在我們要適應(yīng)的是空前波動(dòng)的需求水平。而未來(lái)幾年,我們還要繼續(xù)適應(yīng)這種新的庫(kù)存體系。”他說(shuō)。
最后,華盛頓西夫韋超市的顧客懷特利感慨道,他很幸運(yùn)自己已經(jīng)退休了,因?yàn)榫退闼サ牡谝患页幸呀?jīng)沒(méi)貨了,他還可以花一整天的時(shí)間到別家買菜。而那些必須上班或者必須照顧生病的親人的人,則沒(méi)有這種奢侈的余裕。
“有些人買菜是為了活著,而我只是想做一頓好飯。”他說(shuō)。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:樸成奎
1月11日,美國(guó)華盛頓州的居民本杰明·懷特利來(lái)到當(dāng)?shù)氐囊患椅鞣蝽f(Safeway)超市買菜,但他失望地發(fā)現(xiàn),生鮮區(qū)的貨架上空蕩蕩的,只有很少的雞肉、火雞以及牛奶可供選擇。
“貌似我錯(cuò)過(guò)了一切,我現(xiàn)在得想方設(shè)法到處買菜了。”67歲的懷特利說(shuō)。
最近幾周,由于奧密克戎變種毒株的流行,加上北美地區(qū)出現(xiàn)極端天氣,美國(guó)零售企業(yè)面臨的供應(yīng)鏈和勞動(dòng)力短缺問(wèn)題愈發(fā)嚴(yán)重,導(dǎo)致菜市場(chǎng)貨品短缺現(xiàn)象進(jìn)一步加劇。
這一波短缺的涉及范圍很廣,從農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品和肉類到麥片等包裝食品的供給都受到了影響。一般來(lái)說(shuō),美國(guó)菜市場(chǎng)任意時(shí)段的商品缺貨率都在5%到10%之間。不過(guò)據(jù)美國(guó)消費(fèi)品牌協(xié)會(huì)(Consumer Brands Association)的會(huì)長(zhǎng)及首席執(zhí)行官杰夫·弗里曼表示,目前美國(guó)菜市場(chǎng)的缺貨率已經(jīng)上升至15%左右。
美國(guó)之所以出現(xiàn)食品短缺,首先是因?yàn)樾鹿谝咔榈挠绊憦奈礈p弱,而且奧密克戎變種毒株又進(jìn)一步加劇了新冠疫情的影響。目前美國(guó)人在家吃飯的次數(shù)要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)多于新冠疫情爆發(fā)前,特別是在很多企業(yè)和學(xué)校仍然關(guān)閉的情況下。
根據(jù)來(lái)自農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易協(xié)會(huì)FMI的數(shù)據(jù),2021年美國(guó)普通家庭購(gòu)買主副食的支出平均為每周144美元,較2020年161美元的最高點(diǎn)有所下降,但仍然遠(yuǎn)高于2019年的113.5美元。
另外一個(gè)原因是貨車司機(jī)的短缺,這個(gè)問(wèn)題從新冠疫情爆發(fā)前就已經(jīng)顯現(xiàn)。2021年10月,美國(guó)卡車運(yùn)輸協(xié)會(huì)(American Trucking Associations)曾經(jīng)表示,美國(guó)的貨車司機(jī)缺口已達(dá)8萬(wàn)人,創(chuàng)下了歷史新高。
由于物流存在延遲,幾乎所有商品的運(yùn)輸都受到了影響,包括進(jìn)口食品和在海外印刷的食品包裝。
從2020年年初開始,美國(guó)的零售和食品生產(chǎn)企業(yè)一直在努力試應(yīng)這些“新常態(tài)”。在2020年美國(guó)的新冠疫情剛剛爆發(fā)的時(shí)候,老百姓的恐慌性搶購(gòu)一度讓美國(guó)的食品和零售體系陷入極大混亂。在吸取了教訓(xùn)之后,很多零售企業(yè)都加大了廁紙等商品的庫(kù)存,以避免再度出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重短缺。
行業(yè)組織美國(guó)零售行業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者協(xié)會(huì)(Retail Industry Leaders Association)的供應(yīng)鏈副總裁杰西卡·丹科特指出:“現(xiàn)在,供應(yīng)鏈體系里的所有參與者都有了自己的應(yīng)急預(yù)案,能夠應(yīng)對(duì)一些最基本的挑戰(zhàn)。”
通常來(lái)說(shuō),這套體系是有效的。丹科特表示,在過(guò)去20個(gè)月里,美國(guó)的超市和菜市場(chǎng)極少會(huì)出現(xiàn)無(wú)菜可買的現(xiàn)象,只是近來(lái)的一些新問(wèn)題推高了挑戰(zhàn)水平。
奧密克戎變種毒株不僅給醫(yī)院、企業(yè)和學(xué)校帶來(lái)了嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn),也給農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)企業(yè)造成了很大沖擊。美國(guó)康尼格拉食品公司(Conagra Brands)的總裁及首席執(zhí)行官肖恩·康諾利在上周對(duì)投資者表示,受到奧密克戎變種毒株的影響,該公司的生產(chǎn)線出現(xiàn)大量減員,因此該公司美國(guó)工廠的產(chǎn)能不足問(wèn)題將至少持續(xù)至下個(gè)月。
員工染疫問(wèn)題也給菜市場(chǎng)造成了嚴(yán)重影響。Stew Leonard's是一家在康涅狄格州、紐約州和新澤西州都有門店的連鎖超市。該公司的總裁及首席執(zhí)行官小斯圖·萊納德表示,他的公司有200多名員工。一般情況下,員工的請(qǐng)假率大約在2%左右。但上周卻有8%的員工要么請(qǐng)了病假,要么正在隔離。
該公司的超市里有一家面包店,由于太多員工請(qǐng)假,他們只得暫時(shí)下架一些熱門產(chǎn)品,比如一款很受歡迎的蘋果面包屑蛋糕。萊納德還表示,有肉類和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供應(yīng)商對(duì)他說(shuō),他們也遭遇了奧密克戎變種病毒導(dǎo)致的人工短缺問(wèn)題。
不過(guò)萊納德稱,他一般都可以準(zhǔn)時(shí)收到供應(yīng)商送來(lái)的貨品,而且他認(rèn)為新冠疫情最嚴(yán)重的時(shí)候已經(jīng)過(guò)去了。
產(chǎn)品短缺的另外一個(gè)原因是近期極端天氣頻發(fā),比如美國(guó)東北地區(qū)的暴雪和科羅拉多州的山火。極端天氣也促使一些消費(fèi)者比往常更多地囤積商品,從而加劇了新冠疫情造成的供應(yīng)問(wèn)題。
Mom 's Organic Market是一家獨(dú)立食品商超,在美國(guó)中大西洋地區(qū)設(shè)有多家門店。該公司的發(fā)言人麗薩·德利瑪表示,受到嚴(yán)冬天氣的影響,賓夕法尼亞州到華盛頓的公路運(yùn)輸中斷,導(dǎo)致上周該公司的農(nóng)副產(chǎn)品一度沒(méi)有了庫(kù)存。
不過(guò)德利瑪指出,這個(gè)問(wèn)題現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)解決了。在她看來(lái),消費(fèi)者目前看到的某些產(chǎn)品的暫時(shí)性短缺,與2020年新冠疫情剛爆發(fā)時(shí)的相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間的短缺相比,根本不算什么。
她說(shuō):“大家根本沒(méi)有必要進(jìn)行恐慌性搶購(gòu)。商品供給還是很充分的,只不過(guò)現(xiàn)在從A點(diǎn)到B點(diǎn)的運(yùn)輸時(shí)間要長(zhǎng)一些而已。”
至于買菜難的問(wèn)題何時(shí)能夠得到解決,專家們對(duì)此意見不一。
丹科特認(rèn)為,目前的買菜難現(xiàn)象是暫時(shí)的,美國(guó)將很快恢復(fù)到更正常的模式,盡管供應(yīng)鏈和勞動(dòng)短缺問(wèn)題仍將繼續(xù)存在。
“產(chǎn)品短缺現(xiàn)象不會(huì)長(zhǎng)期持續(xù)下去,這只是偶發(fā)的、孤立的事件,供應(yīng)鏈很快就會(huì)跟上。”她說(shuō)。
而其他一些專家就沒(méi)有這么樂(lè)觀了。
美國(guó)消費(fèi)品牌協(xié)會(huì)的會(huì)長(zhǎng)弗里曼認(rèn)為,隨著奧密克戎變種毒株入侵美國(guó)中西部地區(qū),在該地區(qū)有大量業(yè)務(wù)的家樂(lè)氏(Kellogg Co.)和通用磨坊(General Mills Inc.)等大型包裝食品公司必將受到影響,因此,奧密克戎變種毒株對(duì)食品行業(yè)的沖擊或?qū)⑦M(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大。
弗里曼認(rèn)為,美國(guó)聯(lián)邦政府應(yīng)該拿出有效措施,確保基本食品行業(yè)工人可以獲得核酸檢測(cè)。他還希望政府圍繞食品工人的隔離程序和疫苗接種出臺(tái)統(tǒng)一規(guī)定。因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在各地對(duì)新冠疫情防控各行其政,給企業(yè)帶來(lái)很大困擾。
“我認(rèn)為,就像之前幾波疫情一樣,奧密克戎疫情也會(huì)逐步減弱。但問(wèn)題是,我們是要被動(dòng)地任憑疫情擺布,還是我們應(yīng)該主動(dòng)生產(chǎn)足夠的檢測(cè)試劑?”
食品行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)FMI負(fù)責(zé)行業(yè)關(guān)系的副總裁道格·貝克表示,從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看,隨著新冠疫情逐步消退,主副食企業(yè)可能還需要一段時(shí)間,才能夠適應(yīng)消費(fèi)者新的采購(gòu)模式。
“食品行業(yè)原本實(shí)行的是零庫(kù)存機(jī)制,但現(xiàn)在我們要適應(yīng)的是空前波動(dòng)的需求水平。而未來(lái)幾年,我們還要繼續(xù)適應(yīng)這種新的庫(kù)存體系。”他說(shuō)。
最后,華盛頓西夫韋超市的顧客懷特利感慨道,他很幸運(yùn)自己已經(jīng)退休了,因?yàn)榫退闼サ牡谝患页幸呀?jīng)沒(méi)貨了,他還可以花一整天的時(shí)間到別家買菜。而那些必須上班或者必須照顧生病的親人的人,則沒(méi)有這種奢侈的余裕。
“有些人買菜是為了活著,而我只是想做一頓好飯。”他說(shuō)。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:樸成奎
Benjamin Whitely headed to a Safeway supermarket in Washington D.C. on January 11 to grab some items for dinner. But he was disappointed to find the vegetable bins barren and a sparse selection of turkey, chicken and milk.
“Seems like I missed out on everything,” Whitely, 67, said. “I’m going to have to hunt around for stuff now.”
Shortages at U.S. grocery stores have grown more acute in recent weeks as new problems — like the fast-spreading omicron variant and severe weather — have piled on to the supply chain struggles and labor shortages that have plagued retailers since the coronavirus pandemic began.
The shortages are widespread, impacting produce and meat as well as packaged goods such as cereal. And they’re being reported nationwide. U.S. groceries typically have 5% to 10% of their items out of stock at any given time; right now, that unavailability rate is hovering around 15%, according to Consumer Brands Association President and CEO Geoff Freeman.
Part of the scarcity consumers are seeing on store shelves is due to pandemic trends that never abated - and are exacerbated by omicron. Americans are eating at home more than they used to, especially since offices and some schools remain closed.
The average U.S. household spent $144 per week at the grocery in 2021, according to FMI, a trade organization for groceries and food producers. That was down from the peak of $161 in 2020, but still far above the $113.50 that households spent in 2019.
A deficit of truck drivers that started building before the pandemic also remains a problem. The American Trucking Associations said in October that the U.S. was short an estimated 80,000 drivers, a historic high.
And shipping remains delayed, impacting everything from imported foods to packaging that is printed overseas.
Retailers and food producers have been adjusting to those realities since early 2020, when panic buying at the start of the pandemic sent the industry into a tailspin. Many retailers are keeping more supplies of things like toilet paper on hand, for example, to avoid acute shortages.
“All of the players in the supply chain ecosystem have gotten to a point where they have that playbook and they’re able to navigate that baseline level of challenges,” said Jessica Dankert, vice president of supply chain at the Retail Industry Leaders Association, a trade group.
Generally, the system works; Dankert notes that bare shelves have been a rare phenomenon over the last 20 months. It's just that additional complications have stacked up on that baseline at the moment, she said.
As it has with staffing at hospitals, schools and offices, the omicron variant has taken a toll on food production lines. Sean Connolly, the president and CEO of Conagra Brands, which makes Birds Eye frozen vegetables, Slim Jim meat snacks and other products, told investors last week that supplies from the company's U.S. plants will be constrained for at least the next month due to omicron-related absences.
Worker illness is also impacting grocery stores. Stew Leonard Jr. is president and CEO of Stew Leonard's, a supermarket chain that operates stores in Connecticut, New York and New Jersey. Last week, 8% of his workers - around 200 people - were either out sick or in quarantine. Usually, the level of absenteeism is more like 2%.
One store bakery had so many people out sick that it dropped some of its usual items, like apple crumb cake. Leonard says meat and produce suppliers have told him they are also dealing with omicron-related worker shortages.
Still, Leonard says he is generally getting shipments on time, and thinks the worst of the pandemic may already be over.
Weather-related events, from snowstorms in the Northeast to wildfires in Colorado, also have impacted product availability and caused some shoppers to stock up more than usual, exacerbating supply problems caused by the pandemic.
Lisa DeLima, a spokesperson for Mom’s Organic Market, an independent grocer with locations in the mid-Atlantic region, said the company's stores did not have produce to stock last weekend because winter weather halted trucks trying to get from Pennsylvania to Washington.
That bottleneck has since been resolved, DeLima said. In her view, the intermittent dearth of certain items shoppers see now are nothing compared to the more chronic shortages at the beginning of the pandemic.
“People don’t need to panic buy,” she said. “There’s plenty of product to be had. It’s just taking a little longer to get from point A to point B.”
Experts are divided on how long grocery shopping will sometimes feel like a scavenger hunt.
Dankert thinks this is a hiccup, and the country will soon settle back to more normal patterns, albeit with continuing supply chain headaches and labor shortages.
“You’re not going to see long-term outages of products, just sporadic, isolated incidents __ that window where it takes a minute for the supply chain to catch up,” she said.
But others aren’t so optimistic.
Freeman, of the Consumer Brands Association, says omicron-related disruptions could expand as the variant grips the Midwest, where many big packaged food companies like Kellogg Co. and General Mills Inc. have operations.
Freeman thinks the federal government should do a better job of ensuring that essential food workers get access to tests. He also wishes there were uniform rules for things like quarantining procedures for vaccinated workers; right now, he said, companies are dealing with a patchwork of local regulations.
“I think, as we’ve seen before, this eases as each wave eases. But the question is, do we have to be at the whims of the virus, or can we produce the amount of tests we need?” Freeman said.
In the longer term, it could take groceries and food companies a while to figure out the customer buying patterns that emerge as the pandemic ebbs, said Doug Baker, vice president of industry relations for food industry association FMI.
“We went from a just-in-time inventory system to unprecedented demand on top of unprecedented demand," he said. “We’re going to be playing with that whole inventory system for several years to come."
In the meantime, Whitely, the Safeway customer in Washington, said he’s lucky he’s retired because he can spend the day looking for produce if the first stores he tries are out. People who have to work or take care of sick loved ones don’t have that luxury, he said.
“Some are trying to get food to survive. I’m just trying to cook a casserole,” he said.