一項名為“車輛到電網”(V2G)的創新型技術有望實現電動汽車(EVs)的推廣,并通過降低短期價格波動的頻率,促進更高效的去中心化能源生產、存儲與分銷,幫助歐洲緩解能源危機。近期,天然氣價格暴漲近500%,這也是造成歐洲能源危機的主要因素。盡管向可再生能源過渡的愿望非常強烈,但因為太陽能和風能等清潔能源供應量不足,只能由天然氣能源填補需求缺口,這一現狀也必然會對市場有所影響。
雖然建立更清潔、更綠色、更可靠能源景觀等長期目標仍未改變,但在短期內,歐洲人民迫切需要獲得穩定且價格合適的能源。在推動歐洲轉向更清潔、更穩定能源的過程及促進個體“能源獨立”的方面,對車輛到電網技術的大規模投資將發揮關鍵作用。
電動汽車可供電
V2G技術支持電動汽車與電網之間的充電與反充。停在V2G充電站內的電動汽車可連入智能電網,將電反向送回給電網。這不僅有助于創造一種更具可持續性、更高效的電力生態系統,對車主和環境也很有利。
在無駕車需求時,連入電網的電動汽車能夠在用電高峰期為穩定電網出一份力,甚至可以在停電的時候為車主供電。從本質上來說,V2G技術催生了一系列用法,在此之下,電動汽車除了是一種交通工具之外,還可以充當去中心化電力存儲的移動電池。因此,這不僅能夠保障更大規模能源網的穩定性與多樣性,而且能夠降低價格波動的頻率。
已有數個汽車制造商和歐洲國家將V2G技術投入了實際應用。由提供V2G技術和解決方案的領先企業Nuvve和智能充電方面的領先企業EDF共同組建的合資公司Dreeve目前已在包括丹麥、法國和英國在內的多個歐洲國家開放了V2G技術相關服務。東風日產Leaf和三菱歐藍德已搭載V2G功能。現代、起亞、盧西亞和大眾 也表示,未來推出的汽車將搭載V2G功能。
Sono Motors的Sion Model更進一步闡釋了“能源獨立”的概念。該型號的電動汽車不僅采用了V2G技術,還配備了太陽能電池板。也就是說,它能夠發電、儲電、供電,一輛車就是一整個能源系統。
有了兼容V2G技術的電動汽車,汽車行業將在推進綠色交通、清潔能源和提高個體能源獨立的問題上發揮關鍵作用,與家用和商用太陽能電池的現有流行趨勢相一致。
政府的關鍵作用
以近期那項幫助荷蘭第四大城市——烏特勒支轉向雙向電網生態環境的倡議為例,想充分釋放這項技術的潛力,就得鼓勵電動汽車制造商和消費者,以及政府和私營部門之間多多合作。建立相應的系統和基礎設施,給將汽車連入電網的車主提供能源積分或其它形式的補償,也將成為加速落實V2G模式的關鍵因素。
推行V2G技術對政府、個體消費者和原始設備制造商都有經濟意義。與持續尋找新能源、每年花費數百萬美元新建電池存儲點和基礎設施以滿足不斷增長的電動汽車需求相比,V2G技術所需投資額更低,且更具可持續性。
在V2G模式下,個體消費者和企業購買電動汽車和電池組時,可能會得到政府提供的補助。電動汽車車主不僅能因更清潔、更便宜的電力獲得經濟利益,還能從使用者可將電回售給電網的新機制(圍繞電動汽車創造新的用法、價值主張,甚至是完整的商業模式)中獲得經濟利益。原始設備制造商的受益點在于,兼容V2G技術的汽車價格更高,完善的V2G基礎設施也很可能會促進對電動汽車需求的增長。
歐洲領導者需要確保,即便面臨著艱難轉型下的種種危機與反彈,也將堅守可持續、清潔能源環境這一長期目標。穩定電網、能源存儲去中心化和推廣電動汽車的采用都是有助于控制能源市場,且與能源和氣候長期目標相吻合的策略。
雖然僅憑V2G技術并不能解決能源危機,但該技術確實能夠在一定程度上滿足歐洲目前和未來對清潔廉價能源的需求。歐洲領導者應盡力探索機遇、尋求公私合作,以激勵并促進V2G技術的發展。(財富中文網)
作者為TLGG的總經理
譯者:殷圓圓
一項名為“車輛到電網”(V2G)的創新型技術有望實現電動汽車(EVs)的推廣,并通過降低短期價格波動的頻率,促進更高效的去中心化能源生產、存儲與分銷,幫助歐洲緩解能源危機。近期,天然氣價格暴漲近500%,這也是造成歐洲能源危機的主要因素。盡管向可再生能源過渡的愿望非常強烈,但因為太陽能和風能等清潔能源供應量不足,只能由天然氣能源填補需求缺口,這一現狀也必然會對市場有所影響。
雖然建立更清潔、更綠色、更可靠能源景觀等長期目標仍未改變,但在短期內,歐洲人民迫切需要獲得穩定且價格合適的能源。在推動歐洲轉向更清潔、更穩定能源的過程及促進個體“能源獨立”的方面,對車輛到電網技術的大規模投資將發揮關鍵作用。
電動汽車可供電
V2G技術支持電動汽車與電網之間的充電與反充。停在V2G充電站內的電動汽車可連入智能電網,將電反向送回給電網。這不僅有助于創造一種更具可持續性、更高效的電力生態系統,對車主和環境也很有利。
在無駕車需求時,連入電網的電動汽車能夠在用電高峰期為穩定電網出一份力,甚至可以在停電的時候為車主供電。從本質上來說,V2G技術催生了一系列用法,在此之下,電動汽車除了是一種交通工具之外,還可以充當去中心化電力存儲的移動電池。因此,這不僅能夠保障更大規模能源網的穩定性與多樣性,而且能夠降低價格波動的頻率。
已有數個汽車制造商和歐洲國家將V2G技術投入了實際應用。由提供V2G技術和解決方案的領先企業Nuvve和智能充電方面的領先企業EDF共同組建的合資公司Dreeve目前已在包括丹麥、法國和英國在內的多個歐洲國家開放了V2G技術相關服務。東風日產Leaf和三菱歐藍德已搭載V2G功能。現代、起亞、盧西亞和大眾 也表示,未來推出的汽車將搭載V2G功能。
Sono Motors的Sion Model更進一步闡釋了“能源獨立”的概念。該型號的電動汽車不僅采用了V2G技術,還配備了太陽能電池板。也就是說,它能夠發電、儲電、供電,一輛車就是一整個能源系統。
有了兼容V2G技術的電動汽車,汽車行業將在推進綠色交通、清潔能源和提高個體能源獨立的問題上發揮關鍵作用,與家用和商用太陽能電池的現有流行趨勢相一致。
政府的關鍵作用
以近期那項幫助荷蘭第四大城市——烏特勒支轉向雙向電網生態環境的倡議為例,想充分釋放這項技術的潛力,就得鼓勵電動汽車制造商和消費者,以及政府和私營部門之間多多合作。建立相應的系統和基礎設施,給將汽車連入電網的車主提供能源積分或其它形式的補償,也將成為加速落實V2G模式的關鍵因素。
推行V2G技術對政府、個體消費者和原始設備制造商都有經濟意義。與持續尋找新能源、每年花費數百萬美元新建電池存儲點和基礎設施以滿足不斷增長的電動汽車需求相比,V2G技術所需投資額更低,且更具可持續性。
在V2G模式下,個體消費者和企業購買電動汽車和電池組時,可能會得到政府提供的補助。電動汽車車主不僅能因更清潔、更便宜的電力獲得經濟利益,還能從使用者可將電回售給電網的新機制(圍繞電動汽車創造新的用法、價值主張,甚至是完整的商業模式)中獲得經濟利益。原始設備制造商的受益點在于,兼容V2G技術的汽車價格更高,完善的V2G基礎設施也很可能會促進對電動汽車需求的增長。
歐洲領導者需要確保,即便面臨著艱難轉型下的種種危機與反彈,也將堅守可持續、清潔能源環境這一長期目標。穩定電網、能源存儲去中心化和推廣電動汽車的采用都是有助于控制能源市場,且與能源和氣候長期目標相吻合的策略。
雖然僅憑V2G技術并不能解決能源危機,但該技術確實能夠在一定程度上滿足歐洲目前和未來對清潔廉價能源的需求。歐洲領導者應盡力探索機遇、尋求公私合作,以激勵并促進V2G技術的發展。(財富中文網)
作者為TLGG的總經理
譯者:殷圓圓
An innovative technology known as Vehicle to Grid (V2G) could help further incentivize the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and help Europe see its way out of its ongoing energy crisis by reducing short-term price volatility and allowing for more efficient and decentralized energy production, storage, and distribution. Europe’s current energy crisis is primarily driven by high gas prices, which have recently surged nearly 500%. Despite a strongly stated desire to transition to renewable energy sources, the insufficient supply of solar, wind, and other clean energy has left gas-powered energy to fill the gap, with markets responding in kind.
While the long-term goal remains to build a cleaner and greener reliable energy landscape, there is a near-term need to provide Europeans with affordable and stable power. Investments to scale Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology could play a key role in smoothing Europe’s transition to cleaner and more sustainable energy and facilitating individual energy independence.
EVs can become powerplants
V2G allows energy to be “pushed” back and forth between an electric vehicle (EV) and the power grid. An EV parked at a V2G charging station plugs into a smart grid, enabling the vehicle to feed its energy back into the grid. This creates a more sustainable and efficient power ecosystem, while also benefiting vehicle owners and the environment.
When not in use, a connected EV can help stabilize the grid during peak energy times and even provide power to vehicle owners during a power outage. Essentially, V2G opens a host of use cases in which an EV is not just a means of transport, but a moving battery unit for decentralized electricity storage. This works to stabilize and diversify the larger energy grid, reducing price volatility.
There are already several early examples of auto manufacturers and European countries embracing V2G. Dreeve, a joint venture between Nuvve, a leading provider of V2G technology and solutions, and EDF, a leader in smart-charging, has begun making V2G available in several European countries, including Denmark, France, and the United Kingdom. Nissan’s Leaf and Mitsubishi’s Outlander currently have V2G capabilities and Hyundai, Kia, Lucia, and Volkswagen have stated that their future vehicles will be V2G capable.
Sono Motors’ Sion Model takes the idea of energy independence a step further. On top of being a V2G-capable EV, it is equipped with solar panels, meaning it possesses electricity generation, storage, and distribution capabilities, essentially making the vehicle an energy system unto itself.
Through V2G-compatible EVs, the auto industry can play a key role in advancing green transport, clean energy, and bolster energy independence on the individual level, in line with existing trends such as solar panels on homes and businesses.
A critical role for governments
Unlocking the full potential of this technology will require incentives to EV manufacturers and consumers, as well as public-private partnerships, such as the recent initiative to help transform Utrecht, the Netherlands’ fourth largest city, into a bi-directional grid ecosystem. Establishing a system and infrastructure that allows users who plug their vehicles into the grid to receive energy credits or other forms of compensation will also be critical to accelerate the adoption of a V2G model.
Expanding V2G makes financial sense for governments, individual consumers, and original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). Investing in V2G is cheaper and more sustainable than continually looking for new sources of energy and spending millions annually to create new battery storage locations and infrastructure to support the growth of EVs.
In a V2G model, individual consumers and businesses would purchase their EV and a battery package, likely with government-backed incentives. Drivers would financially benefit not only from cleaner and cheaper power for their EV, but from mechanisms that enable users to sell power back to the grid–creating new use cases, value propositions, and potentially even entire business models around EVs. OEMs would benefit by being able to command higher prices for vehicles with V2G capabilities and from the increased demand for EVs a robust V2G infrastructure is likely to prompt.
European leaders need to ensure support for the long-term goal of a sustainable, clean energy environment isn’t derailed by the crises and backlash that arises from a rocky transition. Stabilizing energy grids, decentralizing energy storage, and increasing the adoption of EVs are all steps that will help rein in the current energy market while aligning with longer-term energy and climate goals.
Though V2G alone will not solve the energy crisis, it can help address both the supply and demand sides of Europe’s current and future needs for clean and affordable energy. European leaders should explore opportunities and public-private partnerships to incentivize and catalyze the expansion of V2G.
Katrin Zimmermann is the managing director of TLGG