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虧了數十億美元后,皇家加勒比還面臨哪些挑戰?

Jessica Mathews
2021-07-06

新冠疫情給旅游業的利潤帶來了滅頂之災,導致航空、旅行、酒店和度假產業的營收大跌,那些嚴重依賴旅游業的城市更是苦不堪言。

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皇家加勒比郵輪公司(Royal Caribbean Cruises)的首席執行官理查德?費恩雙腳搭著擱腳凳,坐在“Celebrity Edge”號郵輪的露臺上,“Celebrity Edge”號是一年多以來從美國啟航的首艘郵輪。面對新冠疫情期間公司數十億美元的巨額虧損,費恩依然保持著幽默感。

他開玩笑說,自己可能會建議商學院開設一門新課:如何在連續15個月顆粒無收的情況下經營公司。在接受《財富》雜志電話采訪時,費恩說:“我愿意去上這個課?!?/p>

新冠疫情給旅游業的利潤帶來了滅頂之災,導致航空、旅行、酒店和度假產業的營收大跌,那些嚴重依賴旅游業的城市更是苦不堪言。

皇家加勒比擁有270多艘經常往返于全球各地的郵輪,對這家公司來說,過去15個月完全就是一個噩夢。美國疾病控制與預防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)的數據顯示,疫情爆發初期,三艘郵輪新冠確診人數達到了800多名。去年3月中旬,美國疾病控制與預防中心發布了禁航令。由于郵輪閑置了數月之久,公司船票銷售幾乎為零。

包括皇家加勒比、嘉年華(Carnival)和諾唯真(Norwegian)在內的郵輪公司已經舉債數十億美元,賣掉了一部分船隊,并開始采取強制休假、裁員或削減員工福利的舉措。

費恩說:“過去15個月對任何與郵輪行業相關的企業來說都是噩夢。”

公司的年報顯示,2020年年底,皇家加勒比的“高額債務”達到了189億美元。去年,其營收跌至22億美元,較2019年的109億美元大幅下滑。公司去年裁掉或暫時解雇了約23%的美國海岸雇員,并在全公司范圍內停止招聘新員工。為了更加專注于其他業務線,皇家加勒比以2.01億美元的價格向Sycamore Partners出售了擁有三艘郵輪的精鉆郵輪(Azamara)品牌。費恩稱,該品牌的財務狀況“在繁榮時期相當好”,但他仍然決定在疫情期間剝離這一資產。

盡管遭遇不少挑戰,但皇家加勒比的首席執行官理查德?費恩十分盼望自家的郵輪能夠再次從美國啟航。圖片來源:Courtesy Royal Caribbean

今年的情況有所緩解,不過,郵輪行業仍然需要熬過數月的時間,營收數字才會有所好轉。今年前三個月,皇家加勒比的船票收入還不到2100萬美元,相比去年同期14億美元的船票收入簡直不忍直視。今年年初,皇家加勒比開始運營來自于非美國港口的郵輪。

費恩表示,盡管郵輪開始再次離港航行,但這些郵輪已經閑置了數個月的時間,“這對船來說并不是好事?!?/p>

船員不得不回到船上,并重新學習如何操作,而且新船員也需要熟悉相關的業務。

“即便他們在一年半之前就已經在船上,但有些內容仍然需再次學習。”費恩說道,而且船員之間的關系也需要重新建立。

6月26日,“Celebrity Edge”號駛出了邁阿密的埃弗格雷斯港,船上提供自助餐和其他所有服務,其船員已經全部接種新冠疫苗,載客數量限制在30%左右。這是一年多以來從美國啟航的第一艘郵輪。在新加坡、加納利群島和其他港口城市,皇家加勒比早已恢復運營。

為了預防疫情爆發,皇家加勒比制定了嚴格的規定,并升級了郵輪空氣過濾系統。費恩表示,所有員工必須在接種后才可以上船,目前公司已經為2.2萬名雇員接種了疫苗。費恩稱,在佛羅里達州,皇家加勒比并未要求乘客出示接種證明(該要求最近已經被美國政府叫停),然而,那些未出示證明的乘客在登船后有可能會被要求進行檢測,佩戴口罩,并保持社交距離。

皇家加勒比還在其網站宣布,在2021年8月至12月期間,于佛羅里達州搭乘郵輪的未接種乘客還需出示其可以用于支付醫療和潛在撤離費用的保險證明,以備疫情爆發。

費恩稱,未接種游客只是少數,在公司最近出海的“Celebrity Edge”號郵輪上,99%的乘客都接種了疫苗。

然而,船上依然存在接觸未接種疫苗乘客的風險。6月24日,皇家加勒比報告稱,有兩名年齡不到16歲、未接種游客登上了“海上冒險家”號(Adventure of the Seas)郵輪,而且新冠病毒檢測呈陽性,隨后被立即隔離。這家郵輪公司在一份聲明中稱,船上所有16歲以上游客(占游客總數的92%)均接種了疫苗,包括那些與這兩名陽性感染者接觸的人士。6月28日,皇家加勒比的股價應聲下跌了6%。

費恩說:“有的人可能會被感染。雖然可能性不大,但也存在?!彼瑫r也重申了安全規定,以及郵輪迅速應對這種局面的能力。

費恩拒絕提供有關皇家加勒比當前債務水平的最新信息,但他說,公司有能力償還這些債務,而且大多數債權人也都了解公司歷史上的盈利能力。

由于費恩坐在甲板上,電話另外一端傳來了呼呼的海風聲,費恩表示,盡管還得執行很多新的規定,但自己對郵輪能夠再次啟航感到十分興奮。

他說:“這對我們來說是個重要的日子,對整個行業來說亦是如此?!保ㄘ敻恢形木W)

譯者:馮豐

審校:夏林

皇家加勒比郵輪公司(Royal Caribbean Cruises)的首席執行官理查德?費恩雙腳搭著擱腳凳,坐在“Celebrity Edge”號郵輪的露臺上,“Celebrity Edge”號是一年多以來從美國啟航的首艘郵輪。面對新冠疫情期間公司數十億美元的巨額虧損,費恩依然保持著幽默感。

他開玩笑說,自己可能會建議商學院開設一門新課:如何在連續15個月顆粒無收的情況下經營公司。在接受《財富》雜志電話采訪時,費恩說:“我愿意去上這個課。”

新冠疫情給旅游業的利潤帶來了滅頂之災,導致航空、旅行、酒店和度假產業的營收大跌,那些嚴重依賴旅游業的城市更是苦不堪言。

皇家加勒比擁有270多艘經常往返于全球各地的郵輪,對這家公司來說,過去15個月完全就是一個噩夢。美國疾病控制與預防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)的數據顯示,疫情爆發初期,三艘郵輪新冠確診人數達到了800多名。去年3月中旬,美國疾病控制與預防中心發布了禁航令。由于郵輪閑置了數月之久,公司船票銷售幾乎為零。

包括皇家加勒比、嘉年華(Carnival)和諾唯真(Norwegian)在內的郵輪公司已經舉債數十億美元,賣掉了一部分船隊,并開始采取強制休假、裁員或削減員工福利的舉措。

費恩說:“過去15個月對任何與郵輪行業相關的企業來說都是噩夢。”

公司的年報顯示,2020年年底,皇家加勒比的“高額債務”達到了189億美元。去年,其營收跌至22億美元,較2019年的109億美元大幅下滑。公司去年裁掉或暫時解雇了約23%的美國海岸雇員,并在全公司范圍內停止招聘新員工。為了更加專注于其他業務線,皇家加勒比以2.01億美元的價格向Sycamore Partners出售了擁有三艘郵輪的精鉆郵輪(Azamara)品牌。費恩稱,該品牌的財務狀況“在繁榮時期相當好”,但他仍然決定在疫情期間剝離這一資產。

今年的情況有所緩解,不過,郵輪行業仍然需要熬過數月的時間,營收數字才會有所好轉。今年前三個月,皇家加勒比的船票收入還不到2100萬美元,相比去年同期14億美元的船票收入簡直不忍直視。今年年初,皇家加勒比開始運營來自于非美國港口的郵輪。

費恩表示,盡管郵輪開始再次離港航行,但這些郵輪已經閑置了數個月的時間,“這對船來說并不是好事?!?/p>

船員不得不回到船上,并重新學習如何操作,而且新船員也需要熟悉相關的業務。

“即便他們在一年半之前就已經在船上,但有些內容仍然需再次學習?!辟M恩說道,而且船員之間的關系也需要重新建立。

6月26日,“Celebrity Edge”號駛出了邁阿密的埃弗格雷斯港,船上提供自助餐和其他所有服務,其船員已經全部接種新冠疫苗,載客數量限制在30%左右。這是一年多以來從美國啟航的第一艘郵輪。在新加坡、加納利群島和其他港口城市,皇家加勒比早已恢復運營。

為了預防疫情爆發,皇家加勒比制定了嚴格的規定,并升級了郵輪空氣過濾系統。費恩表示,所有員工必須在接種后才可以上船,目前公司已經為2.2萬名雇員接種了疫苗。費恩稱,在佛羅里達州,皇家加勒比并未要求乘客出示接種證明(該要求最近已經被美國政府叫停),然而,那些未出示證明的乘客在登船后有可能會被要求進行檢測,佩戴口罩,并保持社交距離。

皇家加勒比還在其網站宣布,在2021年8月至12月期間,于佛羅里達州搭乘郵輪的未接種乘客還需出示其可以用于支付醫療和潛在撤離費用的保險證明,以備疫情爆發。

費恩稱,未接種游客只是少數,在公司最近出海的“Celebrity Edge”號郵輪上,99%的乘客都接種了疫苗。

然而,船上依然存在接觸未接種疫苗乘客的風險。6月24日,皇家加勒比報告稱,有兩名年齡不到16歲、未接種游客登上了“海上冒險家”號(Adventure of the Seas)郵輪,而且新冠病毒檢測呈陽性,隨后被立即隔離。這家郵輪公司在一份聲明中稱,船上所有16歲以上游客(占游客總數的92%)均接種了疫苗,包括那些與這兩名陽性感染者接觸的人士。6月28日,皇家加勒比的股價應聲下跌了6%。

費恩說:“有的人可能會被感染。雖然可能性不大,但也存在。”他同時也重申了安全規定,以及郵輪迅速應對這種局面的能力。

費恩拒絕提供有關皇家加勒比當前債務水平的最新信息,但他說,公司有能力償還這些債務,而且大多數債權人也都了解公司歷史上的盈利能力。

由于費恩坐在甲板上,電話另外一端傳來了呼呼的海風聲,費恩表示,盡管還得執行很多新的規定,但自己對郵輪能夠再次啟航感到十分興奮。

他說:“這對我們來說是個重要的日子,對整個行業來說亦是如此?!保ㄘ敻恢形木W)

譯者:馮豐

審校:夏林

Royal Caribbean Cruises CEO Richard D. Fain sat with his feet propped up on an ottoman, on a balcony aboard the Celebrity Edge—the first cruise ship to depart the U.S. in more than a year. He has been running the company at a multibillion-dollar loss, but he still has a sense of humor.

He joked that he may suggest business schools launch a new course: How to run a company with zero revenue for 15 months. “I’d like to take it,” Fain told Fortune by phone.

The coronavirus has wreaked havoc on the travel industry’s bottom line—cutting into revenue across the airline, travel, hotel, and resort industries, not to mention cities and countries that rely heavily on tourism.

For the more than 270 cruise ships that typically sail around the world, the past 15 months have been nothing short of a nightmare. Early on in the pandemic, more than 800 confirmed cases of COVID-19 were sourced to outbreaks on three ships, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The CDC issued a no-sail order in mid-March: Ticket sales dissipated as vessels sat idle for months.

Cruise lines including Royal Caribbean, Carnival, and Norwegian have taken on billions of dollars in debt, sold off portions of their fleets, and moved to furlough, lay off, or cut benefits to their employees.

“It’s been a brutal 15 months for anyone associated with the cruise ship industry,” Fain said.

Royal Caribbean had “substantial debt” to the tune of $18.9 billion at the end of 2020, according to its annual report. Last year, its revenue fell to $2.2 billion, down from $10.9 billion from 2019. The company cut or furloughed about 23% of its U.S. shoreside employees last year and instituted a hiring freeze across the organization. It sold its three-ship Azamara luxury brand to Sycamore Partners for $201 million in an effort to focus more attention on its other business lines. According to Fain the brand’s economics had been “adequate during the good times,” but he decided to divest during the pandemic.

This year has offered some respite, although it appears that cruise ships still have many months of sailing before numbers become more optimistic. In the first three months of this year, Royal Caribbean made less than $21 million in passenger ticket revenues, compared to nearly $1.4 billion in the first three months of 2020. Royal Caribbean began running ships from non-U.S. ports earlier this year.

While vessels are starting to depart from ports again, they have been sitting idle for months, which is “not good for ships,” Fain says.

Ship crews have to return to the ships and relearn how to work them, and new crew members need to learn the ropes.

“Even if they were on the ship a year and a half ago, you need to relearn some things,” Fain says, and bonds between the crew need to be reestablished.

The Celebrity Edge set sail out of Port Everglades in Miami on June 26, buffets and all—with its staff fully vaccinated and capacity capped at about 30%. It was the first cruise ship to depart the U.S. in more than a year. Royal Caribbean ships had already been sailing out of Singapore, the Canary Islands, and other locations.

In order to prevent outbreaks, Royal Caribbean has set rigid requirements and updated its air filtration systems. All staff must be vaccinated to come on board, and the company has vaccinated 22,000 employees so far, Fain says. In Florida, Royal Caribbean doesn't require guests to show proof of vaccination—a practice that was recently banned in the state—but those who don't show proof are subject to testing requirements and are required to wear masks and social distance while on board, according to Fain.

The company also announced on its website that unvaccinated passengers who cruise from Florida between August and December 2021 will also be required to show proof of insurance to cover medical and potential evacuation expenses, in case of an outbreak.

Unvaccinated guests are the minority: On his current Celebrity Edge cruise, 99% of people on the ship are vaccinated, he says.

But there are still exposure risks to unvaccinated passengers. On June 24, Royal Caribbean reported that two unvaccinated guests aboard the Adventure of the Seas, who were under the age of 16, had tested positive for the coronavirus and were immediately quarantined. All guests on the ship over 16 years old—92% of all the passengers—were vaccinated, according to a statement from the cruise line, including all those who came into contact with the two individuals. The stock sank 6% on the news June 28.

“It’s possible that somebody gets it. It’s unlikely, but it happens,” Fain says, emphasizing the safety protocols and the ship’s ability to quickly respond to it.

Fain declined to provide an update on Royal Caribbean's current debt rate, but he said the company will be able to pay the money back, and that most of its lenders know the history of its bottom line.

As he sat on the deck, the sound of wind coming through the phone, Fain said he is excited about ships being up and running again, despite all the new protocols.

“It’s a big day for us," he said. "It’s a big day for the industry.”

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