德爾塔變異毒株正在全球肆虐。這種高傳染性和快速蔓延的冠狀病毒突變(它可能反過來產生更多的變體)正在重創歐洲和印度,并在美國的新感染病例中占據越來越大的份額。
應對新冠病毒始終需要采取多管齊下的策略,包括病毒檢測、追蹤接觸者、保持社交距離、戴口罩,并最終開展一場前所未有的疫苗接種運動。在免疫方面,初步證據表明,輝瑞(Pfizer)、阿斯利康(AstraZeneca)和Moderna疫苗在預防德爾塔變異毒株感染者發展成為重癥、住院治療乃至死亡方面都非常有效。Moderna疫苗甚至有望幫助接種者獲得足以抵御這種毒株的抗體。但市面上常見的新冠病毒檢測手段能夠檢測到德爾塔變異毒株嗎?
簡單來說:不一定。盡管德爾塔變異毒株(也被稱為B.1.617.2)可能是新冠病毒的后代,但它帶有獨特的生物標記。就學術機構,以及雅培(Abbott)和羅氏(Roche)等醫療巨頭提供的數十種商業新冠病毒測試手段而言,有一些可能無法檢測到這種毒株。
對德爾塔變異毒株的檢測,通常需要在更精確的水平上進行,而這通常涉及到聚合酶鏈式反應(PCR)檢測平臺。該平臺往往可以更加精確、更加敏銳地發現冠狀病毒內的基因變異。但這種水平的測試也比快速反應測試需要更多的時間,后者可能在半小時內出結果,盡管它會錯過一些生物學細節。這些快速診斷方法或許能夠檢測出你是否感染了新冠病毒,但不一定可以檢測出你感染的是德爾塔變異毒株。
例如,南卡羅來納州的公共衛生部門并沒有定期篩查德爾塔變異毒株。這意味著,只有少數與德爾塔變異毒株有關的病例被明確識別,盡管考慮到這種毒株在美國,特別是在南部和中西部傳播得如此之快,真實的感染病例可能要高得多。
該州的公共衛生部門解釋說,最初的新冠病毒測試將不得不接受額外的篩查,這需要對患者的樣本進行更復雜的基因組測序,以確定它是不是德爾塔變異毒株病例,而這個過程往往受制于幾家正在進行篩查的私人、州和聯邦實驗室的檢測能力。
與此同時,一些公司已經著手開發快速檢測方法,希望在不進行花里胡哨的聚合酶鏈式反應測試的情況下,檢測到德爾塔變異毒株。一家名為Avacta的公司聲稱,其抗原測試能夠檢測到該變體。在飽受德爾塔變異毒株打擊的英國,一些公司正在開發更復雜的聚合酶鏈式反應技術來監測這種毒株。
不管新冠病毒檢測能否顯示你感染了一種或另一種毒株,臨床研究的總體信息都是明確的:接種疫苗是預防重癥和保護他人的最佳方式,無論新冠病毒采用何種新化身。(財富中文網)
譯者:任文科
德爾塔變異毒株正在全球肆虐。這種高傳染性和快速蔓延的冠狀病毒突變(它可能反過來產生更多的變體)正在重創歐洲和印度,并在美國的新感染病例中占據越來越大的份額。
應對新冠病毒始終需要采取多管齊下的策略,包括病毒檢測、追蹤接觸者、保持社交距離、戴口罩,并最終開展一場前所未有的疫苗接種運動。在免疫方面,初步證據表明,輝瑞(Pfizer)、阿斯利康(AstraZeneca)和Moderna疫苗在預防德爾塔變異毒株感染者發展成為重癥、住院治療乃至死亡方面都非常有效。Moderna疫苗甚至有望幫助接種者獲得足以抵御這種毒株的抗體。但市面上常見的新冠病毒檢測手段能夠檢測到德爾塔變異毒株嗎?
簡單來說:不一定。盡管德爾塔變異毒株(也被稱為B.1.617.2)可能是新冠病毒的后代,但它帶有獨特的生物標記。就學術機構,以及雅培(Abbott)和羅氏(Roche)等醫療巨頭提供的數十種商業新冠病毒測試手段而言,有一些可能無法檢測到這種毒株。
對德爾塔變異毒株的檢測,通常需要在更精確的水平上進行,而這通常涉及到聚合酶鏈式反應(PCR)檢測平臺。該平臺往往可以更加精確、更加敏銳地發現冠狀病毒內的基因變異。但這種水平的測試也比快速反應測試需要更多的時間,后者可能在半小時內出結果,盡管它會錯過一些生物學細節。這些快速診斷方法或許能夠檢測出你是否感染了新冠病毒,但不一定可以檢測出你感染的是德爾塔變異毒株。
例如,南卡羅來納州的公共衛生部門并沒有定期篩查德爾塔變異毒株。這意味著,只有少數與德爾塔變異毒株有關的病例被明確識別,盡管考慮到這種毒株在美國,特別是在南部和中西部傳播得如此之快,真實的感染病例可能要高得多。
該州的公共衛生部門解釋說,最初的新冠病毒測試將不得不接受額外的篩查,這需要對患者的樣本進行更復雜的基因組測序,以確定它是不是德爾塔變異毒株病例,而這個過程往往受制于幾家正在進行篩查的私人、州和聯邦實驗室的檢測能力。
與此同時,一些公司已經著手開發快速檢測方法,希望在不進行花里胡哨的聚合酶鏈式反應測試的情況下,檢測到德爾塔變異毒株。一家名為Avacta的公司聲稱,其抗原測試能夠檢測到該變體。在飽受德爾塔變異毒株打擊的英國,一些公司正在開發更復雜的聚合酶鏈式反應技術來監測這種毒株。
不管新冠病毒檢測能否顯示你感染了一種或另一種毒株,臨床研究的總體信息都是明確的:接種疫苗是預防重癥和保護他人的最佳方式,無論新冠病毒采用何種新化身。(財富中文網)
譯者:任文科
The Delta variant is wreaking havoc across the globe. The highly transmissible and rapidly spreading coronavirus mutation (which may in turn be creating even more variants) is battering Europe and India and contributing to a growing share of new COVID cases in the U.S.
Tackling COVID has always necessitated a multipronged strategy involving coronavirus testing, contact tracing, distancing, and masking procedures, and ultimately an unprecedented vaccination campaign. On the immunization front, initial evidence suggests that Pfizer’s, AstraZeneca’s, and Moderna’s COVID vaccines are all remarkably effective in preventing serious illness, hospitalization, and death among patients who contract the Delta variant. Moderna’s shot has even shown promise in producing antibodies that protect against this strain. But can the actual COVID tests on the market detect the Delta variant?
To put it simply: not always. While the Delta variant (otherwise known as B.1.617.2) may be the pathogenic offspring of the novel coronavirus, it carries distinctive biological markers that some among the dozens of commercially available COVID tests from academic institutes and medical giants such as Abbott and Roche may not be able to sense.
Testing for the Delta variant usually has to be done on a more precise level involving polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing platforms, which tend to be more accurate and sensitive to genetic variations within the coronavirus. But that level of testing also takes more time than a rapid response test which may return results within a half-hour but miss out on some of the biological details. Those faster diagnostics may be able to sense whether or not you’re generally infected with COVID, but not necessarily whether it’s the Delta strain specifically that’s afflicting you.
For instance, in South Carolina, Delta variants aren’t regularly screened for by the state’s public health department. That means that just a handful of Delta-variant linked cases have been specifically identified even though the true number is likely much higher given how quickly this strain is spreading in the U.S., particularly in the South and the Midwest.
An initial COVID test would then have to receive additional screening that involves more intricate genomic sequencing of a patient’s sample in order to home in on whether or not it’s a Delta variant case, and that process is reliant on a mishmash of private, state, and federal laboratories that are carrying out the screening, according to South Carolina’s public health department.
In the meantime, companies are already going to work on creating rapid tests which can detect the Delta variant without requiring all the bells and whistles of an intensive PCR test. One firm, Avacta, says its own antigen test can detect the variant. In the U.K., which has been hit hard by the Delta variant, more sophisticated PCR technology is being developed in order to keep tabs on the strain.
Regardless of whether a test can tell you if you have one COVID strain or another, the overall message from clinical studies is clear: Getting vaccinated is the best way to prevent serious illness and to protect others, no matter what new avatar the coronavirus takes.