1999年,田祖雄(Tien Tzuo)以11號員工的身份加入當時還是初創企業的Salesforce,見證了“軟件即服務(SaaS)的誕生”。Salesforce的創始人馬克·貝尼奧夫提出要根據客戶的需求提供軟件,而這一偉大創舉也給貝尼奧夫帶來了無限財富。
與貝尼奧夫曾經供職的甲骨文公司(Oracle)不同的是,除了銷售一次性的軟件產品外,Salesforce還會與客戶建立更親密的關系。訂閱管理公司Zuora的現任首席執行官及聯合創始人田祖雄表示:“實際上我們可以看到客戶如何使用我們的產品,這是我們實現的一大成果。除了充分理解這一點外,其實我們還能夠向客戶提供更多服務。”11月17日,在《財富》“CEO計劃”和《財富》全球論壇聯合舉辦的虛擬活動上,田祖雄向企業高管群體發表演講。
換句話說,Salesforce會吸引訂戶,收集人們的習慣和需求數據,然后不斷更新產品。過去,從平面雜志到保險公司采用的都是僵化的訂閱商業模式,而Salesforce則憑借反饋周期快、重視試驗性脫穎而出。
到目前為止,基于訂閱業務的優點已經眾所周知。訂閱可以帶來經常性收入、在面臨危機(譬如當下的新冠疫情)時具有彈性,還能夠通過不斷改進的產品來激發用戶忠誠度。如果運用得當,基于訂閱業務會產生飛輪效應,推動增長。
田祖雄表示,“現在包括洗衣機、汽車在內的所有實物產品都可以聯網,每一位工程師、設計師,每一款產品都將經歷同樣的體驗”,即基于即時反饋不斷重復。
當今最大的科技巨頭就能夠證明這一點。Salesforce是首屈一指的軟件服務供應商。亞馬遜憑借Amazon Prime會員制一路高歌。快速發展的軟件和服務部門為蘋果帶來了豐厚利潤。剃須刀、服飾、餐點等等,幾乎所有商品都可以定制包裝盒,提供這些服務的初創企業層出不窮。就連許多媒體公司也不例外。因為在數字廣告領域競爭不過谷歌和Facebook,這些公司基本上也開始轉向訂閱業務。
關鍵在于保持住回頭客。在線學習平臺Coursera的首席產品官兼消費者收入主管什拉萬·戈利表示:“我們的真正目標在于,如何把這種松散的交互變成一種持續的互動,甚至是把它變成一種終生性的互動。”什拉萬·戈利與田祖雄同為《財富》活動發言嘉賓。
IBM的高級副總裁鮑勃·羅德提供了一個產品迭代的實例。他說:“星巴克最初就采取了這樣的做法。突然之間你就成了星巴克的積分會員。接下來星巴克會向你發送生日祝福,贈送免費飲品。”
羅德繼續說道:“你幾乎同步就能夠從消費者那里得到直接反饋。因為如果免費飲品不管用,我以后就不這么做了。我要找其他的方法。”
當然,星巴克的忠誠度計劃算不上真正的訂閱服務,但其中包含的許多原理卻與訂閱服務不謀而合。這實際上可以認為是一種反向訂閱,因為人們光顧就能夠獲得回報。
另一位演講者、微軟的游戲生態系統副總裁莎拉·邦德為探索訂閱業務模式的企業提供了一些建議:從內容管理著手,繼而轉向個性化。她表示,微軟發布基于云的游戲服務Xbox Game Pass時,重點就是按照這樣的順序為用戶簡化游戲體驗。
邦德表示:“很多時候我們為用戶解決的問題在于,如何從海量游戲中挑選我想玩的那一款?有人替你策劃、幫你解決問題,這其實就是價值交換的關鍵。”
如果說數字訂閱業務的致勝關鍵策略都有一個共同的特點,那就是:不要一成不變。田祖雄說:“最重要的是有所收獲,然后完成實驗和學習的這個過程。”(財富中文網)
譯者:唐塵
1999年,田祖雄(Tien Tzuo)以11號員工的身份加入當時還是初創企業的Salesforce,見證了“軟件即服務(SaaS)的誕生”。Salesforce的創始人馬克·貝尼奧夫提出要根據客戶的需求提供軟件,而這一偉大創舉也給貝尼奧夫帶來了無限財富。
與貝尼奧夫曾經供職的甲骨文公司(Oracle)不同的是,除了銷售一次性的軟件產品外,Salesforce還會與客戶建立更親密的關系。訂閱管理公司Zuora的現任首席執行官及聯合創始人田祖雄表示:“實際上我們可以看到客戶如何使用我們的產品,這是我們實現的一大成果。除了充分理解這一點外,其實我們還能夠向客戶提供更多服務。”11月17日,在《財富》“CEO計劃”和《財富》全球論壇聯合舉辦的虛擬活動上,田祖雄向企業高管群體發表演講。
換句話說,Salesforce會吸引訂戶,收集人們的習慣和需求數據,然后不斷更新產品。過去,從平面雜志到保險公司采用的都是僵化的訂閱商業模式,而Salesforce則憑借反饋周期快、重視試驗性脫穎而出。
到目前為止,基于訂閱業務的優點已經眾所周知。訂閱可以帶來經常性收入、在面臨危機(譬如當下的新冠疫情)時具有彈性,還能夠通過不斷改進的產品來激發用戶忠誠度。如果運用得當,基于訂閱業務會產生飛輪效應,推動增長。
田祖雄表示,“現在包括洗衣機、汽車在內的所有實物產品都可以聯網,每一位工程師、設計師,每一款產品都將經歷同樣的體驗”,即基于即時反饋不斷重復。
當今最大的科技巨頭就能夠證明這一點。Salesforce是首屈一指的軟件服務供應商。亞馬遜憑借Amazon Prime會員制一路高歌。快速發展的軟件和服務部門為蘋果帶來了豐厚利潤。剃須刀、服飾、餐點等等,幾乎所有商品都可以定制包裝盒,提供這些服務的初創企業層出不窮。就連許多媒體公司也不例外。因為在數字廣告領域競爭不過谷歌和Facebook,這些公司基本上也開始轉向訂閱業務。
關鍵在于保持住回頭客。在線學習平臺Coursera的首席產品官兼消費者收入主管什拉萬·戈利表示:“我們的真正目標在于,如何把這種松散的交互變成一種持續的互動,甚至是把它變成一種終生性的互動。”什拉萬·戈利與田祖雄同為《財富》活動發言嘉賓。
IBM的高級副總裁鮑勃·羅德提供了一個產品迭代的實例。他說:“星巴克最初就采取了這樣的做法。突然之間你就成了星巴克的積分會員。接下來星巴克會向你發送生日祝福,贈送免費飲品。”
羅德繼續說道:“你幾乎同步就能夠從消費者那里得到直接反饋。因為如果免費飲品不管用,我以后就不這么做了。我要找其他的方法。”
當然,星巴克的忠誠度計劃算不上真正的訂閱服務,但其中包含的許多原理卻與訂閱服務不謀而合。這實際上可以認為是一種反向訂閱,因為人們光顧就能夠獲得回報。
另一位演講者、微軟的游戲生態系統副總裁莎拉·邦德為探索訂閱業務模式的企業提供了一些建議:從內容管理著手,繼而轉向個性化。她表示,微軟發布基于云的游戲服務Xbox Game Pass時,重點就是按照這樣的順序為用戶簡化游戲體驗。
邦德表示:“很多時候我們為用戶解決的問題在于,如何從海量游戲中挑選我想玩的那一款?有人替你策劃、幫你解決問題,這其實就是價值交換的關鍵。”
如果說數字訂閱業務的致勝關鍵策略都有一個共同的特點,那就是:不要一成不變。田祖雄說:“最重要的是有所收獲,然后完成實驗和學習的這個過程。”(財富中文網)
譯者:唐塵
When Tien Tzuo joined Salesforce in 1999 as the then startup’s 11th employee, he witnessed “the dawn of SaaS,” or software as a service. Offering on-demand software to customers on a subscription basis was founder Marc Benioff’s grand business innovation—and his golden ticket to unfathomable riches.
Instead of just selling a one-off software product, as Oracle, Benioff’s former workplace, did at the time, Salesforce would create a more intimate relationship with customers. “Our big realization was we actually can see how our customers are using our product, and we can understand that, and we can actually deliver more to them,” said Tzuo, now CEO and cofounder of Zuora, a subscriptions management firm. Tzuo spoke told an audience of business executives at a virtual event hosted jointly by the Fortune CEO Initiative and Fortune Global Forum on November 17.
In other words, Salesforce would hook subscribers, collect data on people’s habits and desires, and then continually update the product. The speed of the feedback loop and the emphasis on experimentation are what separated Salesforce’s approach from the calcified subscription business models of yore—from print magazines to insurance companies.
By now, the virtues of subscription-based businesses are well known. They provide recurring revenue, resiliency in the face of crises (like the coronavirus pandemic), and they inspire loyalty with ever-improving products. When done properly, subscription-based businesses create a flywheel effect that can propel growth.
“With every physical product now connected to the Internet—washing machines, cars, everything—every engineer, every designer, every single product is going to go through that same experience” of iterating based on instant feedback, Tzuo said.
Look no further than today’s biggest tech titans for proof. Salesforce is a juggernaut. Amazon is riding high on Amazon Prime memberships. Apple is minting money with its fast-growing software and services unit. There is no shortage of startups shipping personalized boxes of goods—razors, clothes, meals, you name it—to consumers. Even many media companies are pivoting, broadly, back to subscriptions after failing to compete with Google and Facebook in digital advertising.
The trick is to keep people coming back for more. “The real quest for us is, how do you turn this episodic engagement into an ongoing engagement, and something even like turning it into a lifelong engagement,” said Shravan Goli, chief product officer and head of consumer revenue at Coursera, the online learning company, who spoke alongside Tzuo at the Fortune event.
Bob Lord, a senior VP at IBM, provided an example of product iteration in action. “Starbucks started this way back. All of a sudden you’re a rewards member on your card. The next thing you know, they're wishing me happy birthday, they're sending me free drinks,” he said.
“You get direct feedback back from your consumer almost instantaneously. Because, if that free drink didn't work, I'm not going to do it again. I'm going to find something else to do,” Lord continued.
Of course, the Starbucks loyalty program isn’t a true subscription service, but it incorporates many of the same principles. One could actually consider it a reverse subscription, since people receive rewards for their patronage.
Sarah Bond, corporate VP of gaming ecosystem at Microsoft, another speaker, offered some advice for businesses exploring subscription business models: Start with curation, then lean into personalization. When Microsoft released its Xbox Game Pass, a cloud-based gaming service, it focused on simplifying the experience for people in that order, she said.
“A lot of what we were solving for people was there's thousands and thousands and thousands of games out there, which ones do I want to play?” Bond said. “That someone went and curated something for you and figured something out is really key to the value exchange.”
If there’s a shared trait that could be considered the key to a successful digital subscription business, it is this: Never sit still. “The most important thing is to get something out there and then go through this process of experiment and learning,” Tzuo said.