價格躥升，因為美國汽車不夠賣了
Lance Lambert
2020-09-22
美國春季汽車銷量暴跌，導致裝運場車輛積壓，運輸新車的貨輪只能在海上漂泊數周。由于銷量低迷和全國停工，福特汽車（Ford Motor）和通用汽車（General Motors）等廠商都關閉了生產線。
汽車行業的另一場危機似乎已經來臨。
但在8月，汽車月銷量達到近140萬輛，與2月新冠肺炎疫情之前的銷量相當，是4月銷量（745,353輛）的近兩倍。這就是所謂的V字型反彈。
反彈的速度之快導致新車和二手車迅速從供應過剩變成了供應短缺，進而推高了汽車售價。據Edmunds.com網站統計，8月新車平均售價為39,410美元，比5月上漲了807美元。8月二手車平均售價為21,843美元，比5月上漲了920美元。
汽車月銷量（未經季節性調整）。來源：美國經濟分析局
美國全國汽車經銷商協會（National Automobile Dealers Association）的公關副總裁賈里德?艾倫說：“第二季度，所有大型汽車廠商全部停工，這是自二戰以來首次出現這種情況，并造成了今天的庫存短缺。除此之外，新車庫存短缺促使許多購車人選擇了同樣供不應求的二手車市場。結果就是二手車的價格也大幅上漲。”
經濟狀況的改善和美國老年人在疫情期間盡量避免公共交通，正在增加汽車經銷商的銷量。市場分析機構Wards Intelligence表示，銷售的火爆也導致新車庫存創下八年來的最低水平。
汽車產量什么時候能夠恢復正常？
艾倫表示：“我們預計這種情況是臨時的……不考慮因為新冠肺炎疫情導致的零部件意外延誤或汽車工廠停工，預計汽車庫存將很快接近正常水平。”除了汽車以外，春季的停工和夏季的需求激增，導致美國經濟普遍面臨物資短缺。從木材、硬幣、彈藥、牛肉到醫療用品，都受到了影響。
對于消費者來說，供應不足會導致價格上漲，但好的一面是，這意味著制造商將獲得大量業務。（財富中文網）
翻譯：劉進龍
審校：汪皓
美國春季汽車銷量暴跌，導致裝運場車輛積壓，運輸新車的貨輪只能在海上漂泊數周。由于銷量低迷和全國停工，福特汽車（Ford Motor）和通用汽車（General Motors）等廠商都關閉了生產線。
汽車行業的另一場危機似乎已經來臨。
但在8月，汽車月銷量達到近140萬輛，與2月新冠肺炎疫情之前的銷量相當，是4月銷量（745,353輛）的近兩倍。這就是所謂的V字型反彈。
反彈的速度之快導致新車和二手車迅速從供應過剩變成了供應短缺，進而推高了汽車售價。據Edmunds.com網站統計，8月新車平均售價為39,410美元，比5月上漲了807美元。8月二手車平均售價為21,843美元，比5月上漲了920美元。
美國全國汽車經銷商協會（National Automobile Dealers Association）的公關副總裁賈里德?艾倫說：“第二季度，所有大型汽車廠商全部停工，這是自二戰以來首次出現這種情況，并造成了今天的庫存短缺。除此之外，新車庫存短缺促使許多購車人選擇了同樣供不應求的二手車市場。結果就是二手車的價格也大幅上漲?！?/p>
經濟狀況的改善和美國老年人在疫情期間盡量避免公共交通，正在增加汽車經銷商的銷量。市場分析機構Wards Intelligence表示，銷售的火爆也導致新車庫存創下八年來的最低水平。
汽車產量什么時候能夠恢復正常？
艾倫表示：“我們預計這種情況是臨時的……不考慮因為新冠肺炎疫情導致的零部件意外延誤或汽車工廠停工，預計汽車庫存將很快接近正常水平?！背似囈酝?，春季的停工和夏季的需求激增，導致美國經濟普遍面臨物資短缺。從木材、硬幣、彈藥、牛肉到醫療用品，都受到了影響。
對于消費者來說，供應不足會導致價格上漲，但好的一面是，這意味著制造商將獲得大量業務。（財富中文網）
翻譯：劉進龍
審校：汪皓
Car sales plummeted in the spring, causing shipment lots to overfill and forcing cargo ships to hold new vehicles at sea for weeks. And with few sales and facing state shutdown orders, auto manufacturers like Ford Motor and General Motors halted production lines.
It was starting to look like another automotive crisis.
But fast-forward to August, where monthly vehicle sales were nearly 1.4 million—matching pre-pandemic sales of February and almost double the 745,353 vehicle sales in April. That's what you call a V-shaped recovery.
The rebound was so fast that new and used vehicles skipped right from oversupply to shortage—which is driving up prices. The average list price of new vehicles in August is $39,410, up $807 from May, according to Edmunds.com. While the average price in August for used vehicles is $21,843, up $920 from May.
"In the second quarter, every major auto manufacturer shut down production—for the first time since World War II—which led to inventory shortages that are still being felt today," Jared Allen, vice president of communications of the National Automobile Dealers Association told Fortune. "On top of that, the shortage of new-vehicle inventory has pushed many buyers to the used-car market, where supply is also low. The result is a significant increase in prices for used vehicles, as well."
The combination of an improved economy—and older Americans trying to avoid public transportation during the pandemic—is driving up sales at auto dealerships. And it's pushed inventory numbers for new vehicles to an eight-year low, according to Wards Intelligence.
When will auto production catch back up?
"We expect this to be temporary ... barring any unexpected parts delays or vehicle plant shutdowns stemming from new COVID-19 outbreaks, we expect that vehicle inventory levels will be at close to normal levels," Allen says. Beyond cars, the economy at large is facing widespread shortages caused by the production shutdowns in the spring and resurgent demand in the summer. Everything from lumber, coins, ammo, beef, to medical supplies has been affected.
Shortages might bring higher prices for consumers, but on the flip side it means plenty of business for manufacturers.
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