在比特幣誕生之初,人們在家里用手機或筆記本電腦就能進行比特幣挖礦。但今天,加密貨幣挖礦的難度不亞于開采黃金:它需要昂貴的設備、大量資本投入和合適的地理位置。加密貨幣領域的知名創業者巴里·希爾伯特相信,他有能力在這個充滿挑戰的新行業中取得成功,從而將部分比特幣生產業務從中國轉移到美國。
周四,希爾伯特的公司數字貨幣集團(Digital Currency Group)宣布一家名為Foundry的子公司將在未來幾個月投資1億美元,在北美開展比特幣和其他加密貨幣挖礦。
Foundry從2019年成立以來一直非常低調,其本身有加密貨幣挖礦業務,同時也為其他加密貨幣初創公司供應設備和資金。
如下圖所示,挖礦使用的設備包含了大量服務器,服務器中都裝配了專用芯片,專門用于各種加密貨幣挖礦。
這些專用芯片經過優化,可以進行試錯計算,解決隨機數學問題。比特幣以及其他許多加密貨幣都通過這些隨機問題,向其網絡的維護者發放獎勵。比特幣的軟件每10分鐘左右會新建一個數學問題,目前解決一個問題的獎勵是6.25個比特幣,按照當前的價格計算相當于7萬美元。
雖然報酬豐厚,但北美地區的大型加密貨幣挖礦公司并不多。事實上,加密貨幣挖礦行業一直被中國大企業主導,他們能夠整合足夠的資源,同時有廉價的電力資源可供使用。
但希爾伯特認為,北美加密貨幣企業重新在全球加密貨幣挖礦行業奪回大量份額的時機已經成熟。為此,他聘請了通用電氣(GE)的元老、曾在其他傳統工業企業任職的邁克·科利爾擔任Foundry公司CEO。
雖然廉價的電力一直是加密貨幣挖礦企業考慮的主要因素,但科利爾認為其他因素變得越來越重要。對于Foundry,他認為有機會使用新一代高效節能的挖礦設備及其透明的企業文化,是公司成功的有利條件。加密貨幣挖礦行業一直以不透明而臭名昭著。
但能夠使用價格低廉的電力依舊非常重要。為此,Foundry將在電力充足且電價實惠的地區開展業務,包括喬治亞州、肯塔基州、北卡羅來納州和紐約上州等。該公司選擇的地點還包括加拿大不列顛哥倫比亞省和魁北克省,這兩個省都有龐大的水力發電容量。
雖然Foundry滿懷雄心壯志,但最近北美地區其他加密貨幣挖礦公司創業失敗,意味著該公司可能面臨各種困難。例如,2018年,中國加密貨幣挖礦業巨頭比特大陸(Bitmain)在德克薩斯州羅克代爾創造數百個挖礦崗位的計劃流產,讓當地政府頗為不滿。今年早些時候,初創公司Layer1宣布融資5,000萬美元,在美國設立挖礦業務,結果最近被指控資產負債表和高管團隊造假。
希爾伯特承認:“在加密貨幣挖礦行業,失敗的公司比比皆是。”
科利爾表示,這些公司之所以失敗,往往是因為它們沒有理解加密貨幣采礦行業的周期性,類似于大宗商品市場的價格波動。他和希爾伯特表示,與其他公司不同,DCG有廣泛的人脈網絡,而且在加密貨幣行業經驗豐富,這將是Foundry成功的秘訣。
對Foundry的計劃有利的一個因素是地緣政治。DCG的發言人稱,華盛頓特區的議員和政策團體開始日益關注比特幣生產被中國主導的問題。目前,比特幣的流通數量價值超過了2,000億美元。這種情緒有助于Foundry從以前對比特幣持懷疑態度的聯邦和地方政府官員那里,獲得對加密貨幣挖礦的支持。
雖然在加密貨幣行業,中國可能是戰略競爭對手,但Foundry仍然要依靠比特大陸以及其他中國公司供應挖礦設備。希爾伯特說,雖然比特大陸早期的爭議較多,但最近這家公司可靠度已有所提升。他補充說,隨著加密貨幣行業的發展,美國企業也可能開始生產挖礦設備。
關于Foundry的合作伙伴,希爾伯特說該公司已經與加密貨幣挖礦公司和制造商達成了協議,與能源公司和政府機關的合作談判也在進行當中。
Foundry的商業計劃中還包括提供“權益質押”服務。該項服務涉及管理持有加密貨幣所產生的表決權,類似于傳統股票市場中的代理投票。
Foundry的計劃如果成功,將進一步鞏固數字貨幣集團作為行業巨頭的地位。數字貨幣集團還有另外三家子公司,包括交易公司Genesis,以及將比特幣和以太坊等加密貨幣包裝成股票在股市交易的Grayscale公司。去年,Grayscale的比特幣產品在千禧一代投資者中的受歡迎程度,超過了奈飛(Netflix)和其他優質股票。
DCG沒有披露其財務記錄,但據希爾伯特透露,該公司的資產負債表上新增加了1億美元投資,這意味著該公司實力雄厚。
對于科利爾來說,Foundry不只是DCG增加收入的機會。作為紐約上州本地人,他說他很欣賞羅切斯特等社區通過電力供應吸引新興產業和增加就業的想法。
他問道:“紐約西部上一次占據競爭優勢是什么時候?”(財富中文網)
翻譯:劉進龍
審校:汪皓
在比特幣誕生之初,人們在家里用手機或筆記本電腦就能進行比特幣挖礦。但今天,加密貨幣挖礦的難度不亞于開采黃金:它需要昂貴的設備、大量資本投入和合適的地理位置。加密貨幣領域的知名創業者巴里·希爾伯特相信,他有能力在這個充滿挑戰的新行業中取得成功,從而將部分比特幣生產業務從中國轉移到美國。
周四,希爾伯特的公司數字貨幣集團(Digital Currency Group)宣布一家名為Foundry的子公司將在未來幾個月投資1億美元,在北美開展比特幣和其他加密貨幣挖礦。
Foundry從2019年成立以來一直非常低調,其本身有加密貨幣挖礦業務,同時也為其他加密貨幣初創公司供應設備和資金。
如下圖所示,挖礦使用的設備包含了大量服務器,服務器中都裝配了專用芯片,專門用于各種加密貨幣挖礦。
這些專用芯片經過優化,可以進行試錯計算,解決隨機數學問題。比特幣以及其他許多加密貨幣都通過這些隨機問題,向其網絡的維護者發放獎勵。比特幣的軟件每10分鐘左右會新建一個數學問題,目前解決一個問題的獎勵是6.25個比特幣,按照當前的價格計算相當于7萬美元。
雖然報酬豐厚,但北美地區的大型加密貨幣挖礦公司并不多。事實上,加密貨幣挖礦行業一直被中國大企業主導,他們能夠整合足夠的資源,同時有廉價的電力資源可供使用。
但希爾伯特認為,北美加密貨幣企業重新在全球加密貨幣挖礦行業奪回大量份額的時機已經成熟。為此,他聘請了通用電氣(GE)的元老、曾在其他傳統工業企業任職的邁克·科利爾擔任Foundry公司CEO。
雖然廉價的電力一直是加密貨幣挖礦企業考慮的主要因素,但科利爾認為其他因素變得越來越重要。對于Foundry,他認為有機會使用新一代高效節能的挖礦設備及其透明的企業文化,是公司成功的有利條件。加密貨幣挖礦行業一直以不透明而臭名昭著。
但能夠使用價格低廉的電力依舊非常重要。為此,Foundry將在電力充足且電價實惠的地區開展業務,包括喬治亞州、肯塔基州、北卡羅來納州和紐約上州等。該公司選擇的地點還包括加拿大不列顛哥倫比亞省和魁北克省,這兩個省都有龐大的水力發電容量。
雖然Foundry滿懷雄心壯志,但最近北美地區其他加密貨幣挖礦公司創業失敗,意味著該公司可能面臨各種困難。例如,2018年,中國加密貨幣挖礦業巨頭比特大陸(Bitmain)在德克薩斯州羅克代爾創造數百個挖礦崗位的計劃流產,讓當地政府頗為不滿。今年早些時候,初創公司Layer1宣布融資5,000萬美元,在美國設立挖礦業務,結果最近被指控資產負債表和高管團隊造假。
希爾伯特承認:“在加密貨幣挖礦行業,失敗的公司比比皆是。”
科利爾表示,這些公司之所以失敗,往往是因為它們沒有理解加密貨幣采礦行業的周期性,類似于大宗商品市場的價格波動。他和希爾伯特表示,與其他公司不同,DCG有廣泛的人脈網絡,而且在加密貨幣行業經驗豐富,這將是Foundry成功的秘訣。
對Foundry的計劃有利的一個因素是地緣政治。DCG的發言人稱,華盛頓特區的議員和政策團體開始日益關注比特幣生產被中國主導的問題。目前,比特幣的流通數量價值超過了2,000億美元。這種情緒有助于Foundry從以前對比特幣持懷疑態度的聯邦和地方政府官員那里,獲得對加密貨幣挖礦的支持。
雖然在加密貨幣行業,中國可能是戰略競爭對手,但Foundry仍然要依靠比特大陸以及其他中國公司供應挖礦設備。希爾伯特說,雖然比特大陸早期的爭議較多,但最近這家公司可靠度已有所提升。他補充說,隨著加密貨幣行業的發展,美國企業也可能開始生產挖礦設備。
關于Foundry的合作伙伴,希爾伯特說該公司已經與加密貨幣挖礦公司和制造商達成了協議,與能源公司和政府機關的合作談判也在進行當中。
Foundry的商業計劃中還包括提供“權益質押”服務。該項服務涉及管理持有加密貨幣所產生的表決權,類似于傳統股票市場中的代理投票。
Foundry的計劃如果成功,將進一步鞏固數字貨幣集團作為行業巨頭的地位。數字貨幣集團還有另外三家子公司,包括交易公司Genesis,以及將比特幣和以太坊等加密貨幣包裝成股票在股市交易的Grayscale公司。去年,Grayscale的比特幣產品在千禧一代投資者中的受歡迎程度,超過了奈飛(Netflix)和其他優質股票。
DCG沒有披露其財務記錄,但據希爾伯特透露,該公司的資產負債表上新增加了1億美元投資,這意味著該公司實力雄厚。
對于科利爾來說,Foundry不只是DCG增加收入的機會。作為紐約上州本地人,他說他很欣賞羅切斯特等社區通過電力供應吸引新興產業和增加就業的想法。
他問道:“紐約西部上一次占據競爭優勢是什么時候?”(財富中文網)
翻譯:劉進龍
審校:汪皓
In the early days of Bitcoin, people could mine the cryptocurrency in their homes using cell phones or laptops. Today, mining crypto is a lot like mining gold: It requires expensive equipment, lots of capital, and the right location. Barry Silbert, a prominent crypto entrepreneur, believes he has the chops to succeed in this challenging new industry and, in doing so, repatriate some Bitcoin production to the U.S. from China.
On Thursday, Silbert's company, Digital Currency Group, revealed the existence of a subsidiary called Foundry that will invest $100 million into mining Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies in North America over the coming months.
Foundry, which has been operating below the radar since 2019, runs its own mining operations and also provides equipment and financing to crypto startups.
The equipment in question, an example of which can be seen in the image below, consists of large banks of servers stuffed with specialized chips designed specifically to mine various cryptocurrencies.
The specialty chips in question are optimized to perform trial-and-error calculations to solve the random math problems that Bitcoin and many other cryptocurrencies use to allocate rewards to those who maintain their networks. In the case of Bitcoin, its software creates a new math problem every 10 minutes or so, and the current payout for solving one is 6.25 Bitcoin—worth around $70,000 at current prices.
Despite such lucrative payouts, there are few significant crypto mining operations in North America. Instead, the industry has been dominated by Chinese conglomerates that pool resources while tapping into cheap sources of electricity.
Silbert, however, believes the opportunity is ripe for North American crypto firms to reclaim a significant share of the world's mining power. To lead the effort, he selected Mike Colyer, a veteran of GE and other traditional industrial firms, to be CEO of Foundry.
While cheap power has long been the primary consideration for crypto miners, Colyer says that other factors are becoming increasingly important. In the case of Foundry, he believes that access to a new generation of energy-efficient mining equipment, as well as its transparent business culture—crypto mining is a notoriously opaque industry—will help it succeed.
But access to inexpensive electricity still matters very much. To that end, Foundry is launching operations in places with affordable and abundant power, including Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, and upstate New York. Its sites also include British Columbia and Quebec in Canada—two provinces with massive hydroelectric capacity.
Despite the scope of Foundry's ambitions, the company could face tough odds, given how other recent crypto mining ventures in North America have foundered. Examples include an aborted 2018 plan by Chinese mining giant Bitmain to create hundreds of mining jobs in Rockdale, Texas, that left local officials embittered. Earlier this year, a startup called Layer1 announced it raised $50 million to build U.S. mining operations—only to face recent accusations that it misrepresented its balance sheet and executive team.
"The mining space is littered with the carcasses of failed mining efforts," Silbert acknowledges.
According to Colyer, these failures often arise because companies fail to understand the cyclical nature of crypto mining, which he likens to the price swings that occur in commodity markets. He and Silbert claim that DCG's broad network of contacts, along with its deep experience in the crypto industry, will let Foundry succeed where others have not.
One factor that could boost Foundry's efforts is geopolitics. According to a DCG spokesperson, lawmakers and policy groups in Washington, D.C., are becoming concerned about ceding the production of Bitcoin—whose circulating supply is now worth over $200 billion—to China. These sentiments could help Foundry find support for crypto mining among federal and local officials, who may in the past have been suspicious of Bitcoin.
While China may be a strategic competitor in the cryptocurrency industry, Foundry is nonetheless relying on Bitmain and other Chinese companies to supply mining equipment. Silbert says that despite earlier controversies over Bitmain, the company has become more reliable in recent years. He adds that as the crypto industry grows, it is likely American firms will begin manufacturing mining equipment.
As for Foundry's partnerships, Silbert says the company has signed deals with crypto mining companies and manufacturers, and is in talks to do the same with energy firms and government agencies.
Foundry's business plan also calls for offering "staking" services. This involves managing the voting rights that arise from owning certain cryptocurrencies—a process akin to proxy voting in traditional equity markets.
If Silbert's Foundry gambit succeeds, it will further solidify Digital Currency Group's position as a giant of the industry. The company has three other subsidiaries, including the trading firm Genesis, and Grayscale, a firm that packages currencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum into shares for the stock market. Over the past year, Grayscale's Bitcoin offering has become more popular among millennial investors than Netflix and other prominent stocks.
DCG does not disclose its financial records, but the fact it is funding the new $100 million investment from its own balance sheet, according to Silbert, suggests it is in a strong position.
For Colyer, Foundry is not just an opportunity for DCG to earn more money. A native of upstate New York, he says he relishes the idea of communities like Rochester using their supply of power to attract a new industry and new jobs.
"When is the last time western New York enjoyed a competitive advantage?" he asks.