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每人只賠25美元,蘋果給這筆錢怎么就這么難?

“電池門”訴訟再次證明了和解的目的就是讓更少的人獲得賠償。

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蘋果在設計和數字支付方面都處于世界領先地位,但蘋果推出的登記網站卻讓人感受不到這些優勢:受電池故障影響的數百萬iPhone用戶需要在線申請才能要求賠償,而網站操作卻沒有那么流暢。登記網站和通知用戶iPhone和解協議的程序設計非常不便、效率也低,簡而言之,這與蘋果給人一貫的體驗大相徑庭。許多iPhone用戶對此感到失望,不僅如此,被批評人士稱作欺騙消費者的集體訴訟程序或許也將迎來新一輪審查。

蘋果集體訴訟被科技媒體稱為“電池門”。據了解,蘋果通過操縱手機軟件的方式,導致部分iPhone電池突然耗盡或卡頓嚴重,從而促使用戶購買新機。

繼一系列訴訟之后,今年年初,蘋果同意解決這一問題。擬定的和解協議要求蘋果向當時購買iPhone6、iPhone7或類似設備的用戶提供賠償。

協議稱,符合條件的iPhone用戶“每人每臺設備將獲得25美元”,但根據提交索賠的數量,每位iPhone用戶獲得的具體金額可能會略有不同。協議規定,蘋果總賠付金額將在3.1億美元至5億美元之間。

和解協議的財務條款非常直觀,但用戶拿到這筆賠償金的流程卻異常繁瑣。我在使用iPhone的同事中發起了一項投票調查,結果大多數人甚至都沒有收到通知這一和解結果的郵件,可能是因為這些郵件被過濾到了垃圾文件夾。(如果您想在郵箱中搜索這封郵件,郵件的主題為“集體訴訟通知:關于蘋果設備性能的訴訟”。)

而找到這封電子郵件才是第一步。通過郵件提供的網址鏈接到和解頁面,用戶需要輸入問題設備的序列號,由于許多人可能已經不再使用這款四五年前購買的iPhone,輸入序列號的要求非常苛刻。

該頁面提供根據郵箱和家庭地址查找序列號的功能。但部分用戶使用這一功能后卻顯示沒有找到匹配的設備。

與此同時,一位同事嘗試在網站上提交銀行資料時遇到了一系列錯誤,不得不多次切換瀏覽器。最終,她選擇了紙質支票的收款方式。

由此引發了這樣一個問題:為什么拿到賠償金的過程如此艱難?畢竟,蘋果會詳細記錄客戶的信息,并且很可能非常清楚哪些用戶購買了電池存在問題的設備。為什么和解協議沒有要求蘋果直接給用戶發郵件,這樣就可以避免垃圾郵件過濾的問題?或者更好的做法就是,蘋果為什么沒有提出將這25美元記入絕大多數用戶預留的信用卡賬戶?

得出的結論很簡單,索賠程序之所以設計得如此不便,這其實是律師故意為之。蘋果的一位發言人拒絕對此事發表評論,但近些年美國集體訴訟的歷史表明,這起“電池門”訴訟再次證明了和解的目的就是讓更少的人獲得賠償。

通常只有不到10%的消費者能獲得賠償

集體訴訟本應讓消費者作為一個群體提起訴訟,從而得到有利于消費者的結果。與期望個人起訴蘋果這樣的大公司相比,集體訴訟是一個更實際的選擇,關系到的資金金額較低的情況下尤其如此。不僅如此,集體訴訟的威懾力還可以制止公司的不良行為。

理論上這是個好主意。但在許多情況下,受影響的消費者(以他們的名義提起的訴訟)很少或根本沒有從法律和解中獲得任何東西。最近一個臭名昭著的例子是信用評級機構Equifax,2017年,中國黑客入侵Equifax,竊取了至少1.43億美國公民的敏感數據。隨之而來的訴訟最初承諾受害者每人125美元的賠償,但塵埃落定之際,這些消費者獲得的賠償金額極有可能只有5美元,或一分錢也沒有,但律師們賺了大約7700萬美元,公司名譽掃地的前首席執行官也帶著9000萬美元退休了。

與此同時,絕大多數人甚至從一開始就沒有想要收取這筆賠償金。聯邦貿易委員會2019年的一項調查考察了近期149起集體訴訟,結果發現參與率中值僅為9%,這就意味著在大多數情況下,超過90%的人從未收取過賠償金。

在蘋果的“電池門”集體訴訟中,代表iPhone用戶的首席律師之一勞倫斯·金在接受《財富》雜志采訪時表示,“我們相信索賠率將與類似的消費者集體訴訟保持一致”,換句話說就是,索賠率不足10%。

而律師擬定和解協議收取的費用高達9300萬美元。

就收費問題作出回應時,集體訴訟律師通常會指出,他們承擔訴訟的風險,并且常常自掏腰包花費數百萬美元提起索賠(確實如此)。另一方面,在沒有集體訴訟的情況下,一些公司的不良行為將不會受到處罰,消費者什么也得不到。

然而,在這起案例中,鑒于蘋果可以通過郵件或手機信息提示的方式輕而易舉地通知受影響的消費者,我們很難想象消費者會接受10%的賠償率。同樣,獲得不超過25美元賠償金(如果提交索賠的數量超過平均水平)的這一可能性也讓許多消費者感到不滿。多年來,讓用戶失望不已的除了電池問題,還有蘋果不愿公開該問題的態度。

至于蘋果賠償每位受影響用戶的成本,對于一家擁有近2000億美元現金儲備的公司來說,這點費用微不足道。

目前和解協議尚未敲定。12月4日召開的所謂“公平聽證會”后,和解協議必須簽署完成。如果提交索賠的iPhone用戶人數較少,或是集體訴訟過程存在問題,法官可以否決該協議,要求律師拿出更好的方案。(財富中文網)

譯者:Shog

蘋果在設計和數字支付方面都處于世界領先地位,但蘋果推出的登記網站卻讓人感受不到這些優勢:受電池故障影響的數百萬iPhone用戶需要在線申請才能要求賠償,而網站操作卻沒有那么流暢。登記網站和通知用戶iPhone和解協議的程序設計非常不便、效率也低,簡而言之,這與蘋果給人一貫的體驗大相徑庭。許多iPhone用戶對此感到失望,不僅如此,被批評人士稱作欺騙消費者的集體訴訟程序或許也將迎來新一輪審查。

蘋果集體訴訟被科技媒體稱為“電池門”。據了解,蘋果通過操縱手機軟件的方式,導致部分iPhone電池突然耗盡或卡頓嚴重,從而促使用戶購買新機。

繼一系列訴訟之后,今年年初,蘋果同意解決這一問題。擬定的和解協議要求蘋果向當時購買iPhone6、iPhone7或類似設備的用戶提供賠償。

協議稱,符合條件的iPhone用戶“每人每臺設備將獲得25美元”,但根據提交索賠的數量,每位iPhone用戶獲得的具體金額可能會略有不同。協議規定,蘋果總賠付金額將在3.1億美元至5億美元之間。

和解協議的財務條款非常直觀,但用戶拿到這筆賠償金的流程卻異常繁瑣。我在使用iPhone的同事中發起了一項投票調查,結果大多數人甚至都沒有收到通知這一和解結果的郵件,可能是因為這些郵件被過濾到了垃圾文件夾。(如果您想在郵箱中搜索這封郵件,郵件的主題為“集體訴訟通知:關于蘋果設備性能的訴訟”。)

而找到這封電子郵件才是第一步。通過郵件提供的網址鏈接到和解頁面,用戶需要輸入問題設備的序列號,由于許多人可能已經不再使用這款四五年前購買的iPhone,輸入序列號的要求非常苛刻。

該頁面提供根據郵箱和家庭地址查找序列號的功能。但部分用戶使用這一功能后卻顯示沒有找到匹配的設備。

與此同時,一位同事嘗試在網站上提交銀行資料時遇到了一系列錯誤,不得不多次切換瀏覽器。最終,她選擇了紙質支票的收款方式。

由此引發了這樣一個問題:為什么拿到賠償金的過程如此艱難?畢竟,蘋果會詳細記錄客戶的信息,并且很可能非常清楚哪些用戶購買了電池存在問題的設備。為什么和解協議沒有要求蘋果直接給用戶發郵件,這樣就可以避免垃圾郵件過濾的問題?或者更好的做法就是,蘋果為什么沒有提出將這25美元記入絕大多數用戶預留的信用卡賬戶?

得出的結論很簡單,索賠程序之所以設計得如此不便,這其實是律師故意為之。蘋果的一位發言人拒絕對此事發表評論,但近些年美國集體訴訟的歷史表明,這起“電池門”訴訟再次證明了和解的目的就是讓更少的人獲得賠償。

通常只有不到10%的消費者能獲得賠償

集體訴訟本應讓消費者作為一個群體提起訴訟,從而得到有利于消費者的結果。與期望個人起訴蘋果這樣的大公司相比,集體訴訟是一個更實際的選擇,關系到的資金金額較低的情況下尤其如此。不僅如此,集體訴訟的威懾力還可以制止公司的不良行為。

理論上這是個好主意。但在許多情況下,受影響的消費者(以他們的名義提起的訴訟)很少或根本沒有從法律和解中獲得任何東西。最近一個臭名昭著的例子是信用評級機構Equifax,2017年,中國黑客入侵Equifax,竊取了至少1.43億美國公民的敏感數據。隨之而來的訴訟最初承諾受害者每人125美元的賠償,但塵埃落定之際,這些消費者獲得的賠償金額極有可能只有5美元,或一分錢也沒有,但律師們賺了大約7700萬美元,公司名譽掃地的前首席執行官也帶著9000萬美元退休了。

與此同時,絕大多數人甚至從一開始就沒有想要收取這筆賠償金。聯邦貿易委員會2019年的一項調查考察了近期149起集體訴訟,結果發現參與率中值僅為9%,這就意味著在大多數情況下,超過90%的人從未收取過賠償金。

在蘋果的“電池門”集體訴訟中,代表iPhone用戶的首席律師之一勞倫斯·金在接受《財富》雜志采訪時表示,“我們相信索賠率將與類似的消費者集體訴訟保持一致”,換句話說就是,索賠率不足10%。

而律師擬定和解協議收取的費用高達9300萬美元。

就收費問題作出回應時,集體訴訟律師通常會指出,他們承擔訴訟的風險,并且常常自掏腰包花費數百萬美元提起索賠(確實如此)。另一方面,在沒有集體訴訟的情況下,一些公司的不良行為將不會受到處罰,消費者什么也得不到。

然而,在這起案例中,鑒于蘋果可以通過郵件或手機信息提示的方式輕而易舉地通知受影響的消費者,我們很難想象消費者會接受10%的賠償率。同樣,獲得不超過25美元賠償金(如果提交索賠的數量超過平均水平)的這一可能性也讓許多消費者感到不滿。多年來,讓用戶失望不已的除了電池問題,還有蘋果不愿公開該問題的態度。

至于蘋果賠償每位受影響用戶的成本,對于一家擁有近2000億美元現金儲備的公司來說,這點費用微不足道。

目前和解協議尚未敲定。12月4日召開的所謂“公平聽證會”后,和解協議必須簽署完成。如果提交索賠的iPhone用戶人數較少,或是集體訴訟過程存在問題,法官可以否決該協議,要求律師拿出更好的方案。(財富中文網)

譯者:Shog

Apple is a world leader in both design and digital payments, but you wouldn't know it from the clumsy website where millions of iPhone users must go to claim compensation over a battery defect. The website and the process for notifying customers about the iPhone settlement is awkward and ineffective—in short, very un-Apple like. The situation is frustrating many iPhone owners and could also bring new scrutiny of a class action process that critics' say shortchanges consumers.

The Apple class action in question is over what the tech press has dubbed "battery-gate." It alleges that Apple manipulated its software in ways that caused the battery of certain iPhones to suddenly drain or make the phone sluggish, prompting some users to desire a new purchase.

Following a wave of lawsuits, Apple agreed to settle the matter earlier this year. The proposed settlement calls for Apple to compensate those who bought an iPhone 6 or 7 or similar devices from that era.

The document says those who qualify "shall be sent Twenty Five U.S. dollars ($25.00) for each iPhone owned," but notes the actual amount could be more or less based on many people file claims. The deal states Apple shall pay consumers a minimum of $310 million and a maximum of $500 million.

The financial terms are straightforward but, for consumers who want to collect, the process is not. In a poll of my iPhone-owning coworkers, most had not even seen the email announcing the settlement—likely because it went to spam folders. (If you want to search your own email for it, the subject is "Class Action Notice: In re Apple Inc. Device Performance Litigation.")

And finding the email was just the beginning. Those who do find it are directed to this settlement page, which requires claimants to enter the serial number of the device in question—a tall order given many no longer have the iPhones they bought four or five years earlier.

The page does a have feature to look up the serial number based on your email and home address. But for some, it claimed there was no match.

Meanwhile, one colleague who attempted to submit her banking details on the site encountered a series of errors and had to switch browsers several times. She ultimately elected for a paper check.

All of this raises the question of why this process is so hard. After all, Apple keeps meticulous records of its customers and likely knows very well who purchased the devices with faulty batteries. Why didn't the settlement call for Apple to email customers directly, which would have avoid the spam filter problem? Or better yet, why didn't Apple offer to credit the $25 to the credit cards it keeps on file for most customers?

It's hard not to conclude the process is clumsy because the lawyers designed it to be this way. A spokesperson for Apple declined to comment on the matter, but the recent history of U.S. class action litigation suggests this "battery-gate" suit is another example where the settlement is designed to limit recovery.

Less than 10% of consumers typically get paid

Class action lawsuits are supposed to benefit consumers by letting them sue as a group. This is a more practical option than expecting individuals to sue giant companies like Apple, especially when the money at stake is relatively low. Meanwhile, the threat of class actions can deter companies from behaving badly.

It's a good idea in theory. But in many cases, the affected consumers—in whose name the lawsuit is brought—receive little or nothing from the legal settlement. A notorious recent example is the credit agency Equifax, which allowed Chinese hackers to steal the data of at least 143 million people in 2017. The ensuing lawsuit initially promised victims would receive $125 each but, when the dust settled, those consumers are more likely to receive $5 or nothing at all—even as the lawyers pocketed around $77 million and the company's disgraced former CEO retired with $90 million.

Meanwhile, the vast majority of people don't even try to collect in the first place. A 2019 survey by the Federal Trade Commission surveyed 149 class recent action suits and found the median participation rate was 9%—meaning that in most cases over 90% of people never collect.

In the case of the Apple "batterygate" class action, Laurence King, one of the lead lawyers representing iPhone owners told Fortune that "we believe the claims rate will be in line with similar consumer class actions"—in other words under 10%.

As for the lawyers, the settlement could see them collect $93 million.

In response to criticism over their fees, class action lawyers typically point out—correctly—that they bear the risk of the lawsuit, and often spend millions out of their own pockets to bring the claims. It's also true that, in the absence of class actions, some companies' bad actions would go unpunished, and consumers would receive nothing at all.

In the case of Apple, though, it's hard to see how a payout rate of 10% would be acceptable given how easily the company could notify the affected customers—by email or even on their iPhones. Likewise, the prospect of collecting less than $25 (which would occur if a higher than average number of people file) would also be dissatisfying to many consumers. The battery issue has been a source of frustration for years, as has Apple's reluctance to be transparent about it.

As for the cost of Apple compensating everyone affected, it would be negligible for a company with nearly $200 billion in cash reserves.

For now, the settlement is yet to be a done deal. It must receive a final sign-off following a so-called "fairness hearing" on December 4. If the number of iPhone owners filing claims proves to be low, or if there are concerns over the class action process, a judge could reject the deal and order the lawyers to come up with a better one.

財富中文網所刊載內容之知識產權為財富媒體知識產權有限公司及/或相關權利人專屬所有或持有。未經許可,禁止進行轉載、摘編、復制及建立鏡像等任何使用。
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