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如果你認為，每周里有幾個夜晚喝上一杯葡萄酒對身體沒有什么壞處，請把它類比為抽上5至10支香煙。這是期刊《BMC公共衛生》（BMC Public Health）的一項新研究得出的結論。研究人員在其中將導致癌癥的惡習之一——吸煙與另一種惡習進行了對比。

這項研究重點研究了每周喝一瓶葡萄酒對于壽命的絕對風險。按照梅約診所（Mayo Clinic）的定義，絕對風險是指一個人在一生中罹患某種疾病的概率。例如，美國男性平均有12%的絕對風險罹患前列腺癌。這意味著100個美國男性里平均有12個會得前列腺癌，有88個不會。

在每周喝一瓶葡萄酒的情況下，不抽煙男性患癌的絕對風險提高了1%，與抽5支煙產生的效果相當。對于不抽煙的女性，這個絕對風險提高了1.4%，與抽10支煙產生的效果相當，另外此舉還會帶來0.8%罹患乳腺癌的絕對風險。換句話說，個人的其他風險因素和生活方式選擇會影響罹患癌癥的概率，但喝這么多的葡萄酒會進一步提升患癌的絕對風險。

相對而言，癌癥與使用煙草制品和吸煙之間的關系已經為人所知，不過研究作者指出，在飲酒方面，公眾往往還不太清楚，即便是適量攝入酒精也會帶來風險。

不過這并不意味著飲用酒精就沒有缺點。美國國家癌癥研究所（National Cancer Institute）指出，美國衛生與公共服務部（U.S. Department of Health and Human Services）將飲用酒精列為了已知致癌因素，并認為它與乳腺癌、結腸癌、食道癌與肝癌都有關系。（財富中文網）

譯者：嚴匡正

If you think a glass of wine a few nights a week can’t be that bad for your health, consider that it could be the healthy equivalent of smoking five to 10 cigarettes. That’s according to a new study published in the journal BMC Public Health, in which researchers looked at how one type of vice that causes cancer—smoking—compared with another.

The research focused on the absolute lifetime risk of drinking one bottle of wine a week. Absolute risk, as defined by the Mayo Clinic, is how likely a person is to develop a condition over their entire life. So for example, on average, American men have a 12% absolute risk of developing prostate cancer, meaning 12 out of 100 will develop the cancer, and 88 out of 100 men will not.

In the case of drinking a bottle of wine every week, non-smoking men’s absolute risk increased 1%, or roughly the equivalent of smoking five cigarettes. In non-smoking women, the absolute risk rose 1.4%, the equivalent of smoking 10 cigarettes, with a 0.8% absolute risk of breast cancer. In other words, depending on an individual’s other risk factors and lifestyle choices related to their likelihood of developing cancer, drinking that much wine could further elevate their risk rate.

The link between cancer and using tobacco products and smoking is relatively well understood, but when it comes to drinking, the study authors noted that the risks of even somewhat moderate alcohol consumption are often a little less obvious to the public.

But that doesn’t mean that drinking alcohol doesn’t have its drawbacks. The National Cancer Institute notes that the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services lists the consumption of alcohol as a known human carcinogen and accordingly, it is linked to various cancers including those of the breast, colon, esophagus, and liver.