《時代》周刊（TIME）從1927年起開始從個人或群體中評選年度人物，作為對他們在過去12個月中全球影響力的認可。《時代》2018年度人物是“守護者”——他們是在暴力、壓迫和“假新聞”指控面前仍然堅持公正報道的記者們。

或許其中最著名的“守護者”就是沙特人、《華盛頓郵報》（Washington Post）的記者吉馬爾·卡舒吉了，他據稱于今年10月2日在伊斯坦布爾的沙特領事館遭到謀殺。哈蘇吉的死占據了兩個多月的新聞頭條，面對這起可能是沙特王儲薩勒曼精心策劃的殺戮事件，各國政府在激辯應當如何做出回應。

據CNN報道，這是首次《時代》周刊將年度時代人物的稱號授予一名死者。

“從俄羅斯到利雅得再到硅谷，對真相的操作和濫用出現在了今年很多重大新聞中，這是對自由的潛在威脅，這種威脅還在不斷增長。”關于年度人物評選，《時代》周刊的總編輯愛德華·費爾森塔爾如是寫道。

本期《時代》周刊有四個不同版本的黑白雜志封面，印著卡舒吉和其他“為真理而戰”的記者們的大幅照片。

“《時代》周刊2018年度人物：守護者”

— TIME (@TIME)2018年12月11日

其中包括《資本公報》（Capital Gazette）的員工，這家馬里蘭州安納波利斯的報社于今年6月遭受槍擊，5名員工喪生。槍手據信是因為私人恩怨專門針對該報紙。

襲擊發生后，《資本公報》記者們的堅韌備受贊譽。槍擊案發生幾個小時后，他們發了推特：“沒錯，我們明天還會接著出這份該死的報紙。”

菲律賓新聞網站Rappler的首席執行官瑪麗婭·伊薩亦在列。據人權觀察組織在今年1月估算，該國總統羅德里戈·杜特爾特一直在推進的暴力“毒品戰爭”兩年內已經造成了12000多人死亡。Rappler網站長期強烈譴責杜特爾特政府，11月伊薩和Rappler被控5項稅務欺詐罪名，她說這些罪名是為了“恐嚇”他們。

第4種版本的《時代》周刊封面是瓦隆和吳覺梭）的妻子手持自己丈夫的照片——這兩位路透社記者去年在緬甸因獲取“國家機密”被捕。兩位記者稱他們之所以被誣陷，是為了阻止他們報道若開邦的大屠殺，而據報這場屠殺與國家安全力量有關。9月，兩人均被判處七年徒刑。

年度人物候選人包括美國總統唐納德·特朗普、在美墨邊境分離的家庭、俄羅斯總統弗拉基米爾·普京、特別顧問羅伯特·穆勒、《黑豹》導演瑞恩·庫格勒、“生命大游行”的活動家、韓國總統文在寅、蘇塞克斯公爵夫人梅根·馬克爾王妃和之前指控美國最高法院大法官布雷特·卡瓦諾性侵并在國會作證因此登上新聞頭條的克里斯汀·布萊澤·福特。

菲爾森塔爾寫道，最終選擇了上述4位記者和《資本公報》，因為他們“冒著巨大風險，只為追求更偉大的真理；因為他們在追尋公民話語體系中至關重要的事實，過程雖有瑕疵卻不可或缺；因為他們敢于表明態度，敢于言人之不敢言。”（財富中文網）

譯者：Agatha

Since 1927, TIME magazine has named an individual or group as the “Time Person of the Year,” recognizing their impact on the world over the last twelve months. This year, “the Guardians“—journalists fighting to report fairly in the face of violence, oppression, and accusations of “fake news”—are TIME’s 2018 Person of the Year.

Probably the most well-known “guardian” is Jamal Khashoggi, a Saudi Arabian dissident and Washington Post reporter who was allegedly murdered in the Saudi consulate in Istanbul on Oct. 2. Khashoggi’s death has made headlines for over two months, as governments debate how to respond to a killing likely orchestrated by Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman.

According to CNN, this is the first time that TIME’s Person of the Year has recognized a deceased individual.

“From Russia to Riyadh to Silicon Valley, manipulation and abuse of truth is the common thread in so many of this year’s major headlines, an insidious and growing threat to freedom,” Edward Felsenthal, TIME’s editor-in-chief, wrote of the Person of the Year selection.

In four different black and white magazine covers, TIME highlights Khashoggi and other journalists fighting the “war on truth.”

“TIME Person of the Year 2018: The Guardians”

— TIME (@TIME) December 11, 2018

Among them is the staff of the Capital Gazette, a newspaper in Annapolis, Maryland that lost five of its employees in June when a shooter opened fire. The suspected gunman was thought to have specifically targeted the newspaper due to a personal grudge.

Capital Gazette reporters were applauded for their resilience following the attack. Hours after the shooting, the publication tweeted, “Yes, we’re putting out a damn paper tomorrow.”

TIME also recognized Maria Ressa, chief executive of the Philippine news website Rappler. The country’s president, Rodrigo Duterte, has been conducting a violent “drug war” that’s killed more than 12,000 in two years, according to a January estimate from Human Rights Watch. Ressa’s publication has been highly critical of Duterte’s administration, and in November she and Rappler were charged with five counts of tax fraud—charges that Ressa has said are meant to “intimidate” them.

A fourth TIME cover depicts the wives of Wa Lone and Kyaw Soe Oo holding photographs of their husbands—two Reuters journalists who were arrested in Myanmar last year for obtaining “state secrets.” The two journalists claim they were framed in an effort to stop them from writing about a massacre in Rakhine State reportedly associated with state security forces,TIME reports. In September, each were sentenced to seven years in prison.

Runner-ups for Person of the Year included U.S. President Donald Trump, the families separated at the U.S.-Mexico border, Russian President Vladimir Putin, special counsel Robert Mueller, “Black Panther” director Ryan Coogler, the March for Our Lives activists, South Korean President Moon Jae-in, Duchess of Sussex Meghan Markle, and Christine Blasey Ford, who made headlines for testifying to Congress about her alleged sexual assault by Supreme Court Justice Brett Kavanaugh earlier this year.

The four journalists and the Capital Gazette were ultimately chosen for “taking great risks in pursuit of greater truths, for the imperfect but essential quest for facts that are central to civil discourse, for speaking up and for speaking out,” Felsenthal wrote.