對(duì)很多職場(chǎng)中人來說，50歲到70歲是人生中難以把握的階段。如果事業(yè)已成，肯定不用擔(dān)心退休。但有可能精力仍然旺盛，還有不少壯志未酬，不愿徹底放棄工作盡情享樂。甚至可能迎來職業(yè)大轉(zhuǎn)變。換句話說，并不只是“繼續(xù)工作”和“不工作”兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)。

假如以上描述與你相符，恭喜你，越來越多人跟你一樣。過去二十年，美國(guó)人的平均退休年齡逐步提高。財(cái)經(jīng)媒體MarketWatch本周發(fā)布波士頓學(xué)院退休研究中心教授艾麗西亞?穆奈爾所著文章稱，部分原因是1946年到1964年出生的嬰兒潮一代面臨的經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力巨大，感覺無力承擔(dān)退休后的生活開支。同時(shí)也反映出，隨著“知識(shí)型工作”越來越重要，加之人們健康狀況更好，大批受過良好教育的勞動(dòng)者可以順利延長(zhǎng)職業(yè)生涯。

一些美國(guó)城市的經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境特別適合這個(gè)年齡層的求職者，人才市場(chǎng)可以提供很多不錯(cuò)的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，可以吸引考慮易地安居的“準(zhǔn)退休人士”。實(shí)際上，離休前搬家的情況并不少見。只要新工作適合，子女離家的空巢老人可能搬去適合退休養(yǎng)老的地方。

目前來看，以下五個(gè)城市非常歡迎臨退休人士就業(yè)，因?yàn)槟承┬袠I(yè)發(fā)展迅速，文化氛圍也比較宜居，比較適合喜歡有自由時(shí)間的職場(chǎng)老手。

德克薩斯州奧斯汀

失業(yè)率：3.2%

人口：948,000

德州首府奧斯汀發(fā)展最迅速的是科技產(chǎn)業(yè)，去年教育、醫(yī)療、休閑娛樂和酒店業(yè)也增加了1.1萬工作崗位。

由于人口猛增和房?jī)r(jià)上漲，這座向來保持“奧斯汀式古怪”的藝術(shù)氛圍受到一定影響，但音樂和電影設(shè)施仍欣欣向榮。奧斯汀南面的大學(xué)城圣馬科斯和該市相距約51公里，還保留著獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)環(huán)境，生活成本普遍較低。

南卡羅來納州格林維爾

失業(yè)率：3.8%

人口：67,000

在南卡羅來納處于阿巴拉契亞山麓的上州地區(qū)，最大的城市是格林維爾。由于稅收比較優(yōu)惠，吸引了寶馬、米其林和通用電氣之類大公司，近些年上州地區(qū)已成為制造業(yè)和工程業(yè)的中心。該地區(qū)的金融服務(wù)、教育和政府部門工作崗位正在增多。

格林維爾是暖冬氣候，適合遠(yuǎn)足的小徑和自行車道密布，熱愛戶外活動(dòng)的嬰兒潮時(shí)代人非常喜歡。從此處往北只要一小時(shí)車程就能抵達(dá)北卡羅來納州的度假勝地阿什維爾和藍(lán)嶺群山，去南卡羅來納州的海灘約有四小時(shí)車程。此外，格林維爾已經(jīng)成為美食愛好者的聚集地，匯集了釀制美味啤酒的廠家和大批精選的本地餐館，還有一個(gè)非常受歡迎的農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)。

明尼阿波利斯

失業(yè)率：3.4%

人口：414,000

美國(guó)勞工部統(tǒng)計(jì)局?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)顯示，明尼阿波利斯城區(qū)去年增加了將近4.5萬個(gè)工作崗位，增幅達(dá)到2.3%，比全國(guó)增長(zhǎng)水平高將近整整一個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。當(dāng)?shù)氐尼t(yī)療保健和商業(yè)服務(wù)行業(yè)就業(yè)增長(zhǎng)尤其迅速，平均工資高于全國(guó)和地區(qū)水平。

明尼阿波利斯和所在州明尼蘇達(dá)州首府圣保羅并稱雙子城，這兩個(gè)城市的寒冬天氣讓一些退休人士望而卻步，但美國(guó)退休人員協(xié)會(huì)（AARP）報(bào)告稱，近些年該市的50歲以上勞動(dòng)者遷入人數(shù)超過離開人數(shù)。美國(guó)聯(lián)合健康基金會(huì)去年的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，由于醫(yī)療保健網(wǎng)遍布州內(nèi)各處，當(dāng)?shù)鼐用窠∩砘顒?dòng)參與率也很高，1990年以來明尼蘇達(dá)州每年都躋身美國(guó)最健康州十強(qiáng)之列。

奧蘭多

失業(yè)率：3.8%

人口：277,000

多年來，奧蘭多一直是美國(guó)增長(zhǎng)最快的人才市場(chǎng)之一。當(dāng)?shù)胤慨a(chǎn)價(jià)格適中，外來移民流入，一些生活在北方的嬰兒潮一代人也會(huì)選擇在子女離家后遷至此處，推動(dòng)了當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展。

當(dāng)?shù)仉S處可見帶著米老鼠耳朵的成年男女，當(dāng)然可以取笑，但迪士尼樂園和環(huán)球影城主題樂園是50歲以上人士的大雇主，而且老人也喜歡感覺更輕松的工作，緩解之前白領(lǐng)工作的壓力。會(huì)議策劃、市場(chǎng)推廣專員和醫(yī)療行政人員也是奧蘭多緊俏的職業(yè)。

鹽湖城

失業(yè)率：3.4%

人口：194,000

鹽湖城所在的猶他州是一些知識(shí)產(chǎn)業(yè)公司的避難所，可以不必再負(fù)擔(dān)加州和臨太平洋西北地區(qū)昂貴的房?jī)r(jià)和薪資成本。（問問猶他州“硅坡”的科技公司就知道了。）

但由于本地人口不算稠密，猶他州的空缺職位經(jīng)常招不夠人。美國(guó)勞工部統(tǒng)計(jì)局?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)顯示，鹽湖城因此成為過去十年美國(guó)薪資增長(zhǎng)最快的城市之一。在鹽湖城中心區(qū)，人們的實(shí)際收入還要更高，因?yàn)楫?dāng)?shù)刈》砍杀颈热榔骄降偷枚唷＿€有個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)，攢下錢去猶他州山脈Mountain West登山和滑雪更輕松。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

譯者：Pessy

審稿：夏林

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The years between age 50 and 70 represent a tricky transitional “l(fā)ife stage” for many professionals. If you’ve been successful at work, you may already have the means to retire. Chances are, though, that you’ve got too much energy, and too many “what if” ambitions, to commit to leisure full time. You may be ready for a big change, in other words – just not a change from “working” to “not working.”

If this describes you, you’re part of a growing cohort. The average retirement age has risen steadily for the last 20 years. That’s partly a sign of greater financial strains on baby boomers who feel they can’t afford to retire, as Alicia Munnell of the Center for Retirement Research at Boston College wrote this week for MarketWatch. But it also reflects the rise of a well-educated segment of the workforce that has been able to extend their careers longer thanks to better health and the growing importance of “knowledge jobs.”

Some U.S. cities have economic climates that are particularly friendly to job seekers in this demographic. Their job markets are generating opportunities that are great for locals—and good enough to encourage “pre-retirees” to consider relocating. Indeed, it’s not uncommon for empty-nesters to move to an area where they’re considering retiring, long before they actually stop working, when a new job facilitates such a move.

Here are five cities that look particularly welcoming, based on the fastest-growing sectors of their economies and the cultural amenities they offer to a veteran professional who’s looking forward to some free time.

Austin, Texas

Unemployment rate: 3.2%

Population: 948,000

The booming tech industry in Texas’s state capital gets most of the attention, but the education, health, and leisure-and-hospitality sectors have added more than 11,000 jobs in the past year.

A population boom and rising housing prices have dimmed some of the “Keep Austin Weird” reputation of the city’s arts community. But the city’s music and film scenes remain vibrant. And San Marcos, 32 miles south, is another university town where an artsy eccentricity and lower cost of living still prevail.

Greenville, S.C.

Unemployment rate: 3.8%

Population: 67,000

Greenville is the biggest city in South Carolina’s Upstate region in the Appalachian foothills. Upstate has become a hub for manufacturing and engineering in recent years, since state tax breaks lured employers like BMW, Michelin and GE. Jobs in financial services, government and education are on the rise as the region grows.

The city’s mild winter weather and its web of hiking and biking trails make it a favorite haunt of outdoorsy baby boomers. Asheville, N.C., and the Blue Ridge mountains are an hour north, while South Carolina’s beaches are about four hours away. Greenville has also become a major foodie destination, with craft breweries, a huge selection of locally owned restaurants, and a popular farmers’ market.

Minneapolis

Unemployment rate: 3.4%

Population: 414,000

The Minneapolis metro area saw 2.3% job growth over the past year, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, almost a full percentage point more than the nation as a whole—adding nearly 45,000 jobs. The health care and business services sectors in the area have grown particularly quickly, and average wages in the city outstrip the national and regional averages.

Winter weather drives some retirees away from the Twin Cities, but AARP reports that the area has actually seen a net migration of workers over age 50 in recent years. And healthy lifestyles, especially outdoor sports, are part of the draw. In surveys by the UnitedHealth Foundation, Minnesota has ranked among the nation’s 10 healthiest states every year since 1990, thanks to a strong statewide health-care network and very high rates of physical activity among residents.

Orlando

Unemployment rate: 3.8%

Population: 277,000

Orlando has been one of the nation’s fastest-growing job markets for several years, with an economy driven by immigration, affordable real estate, and “snowbirding” baby boomers resettling for their empt7-nest years.

Joke all you want about grown men and women wearing Mickey Mouse ears, but the DisneyWorld and Universal Studios theme park complexes are major employers for people over 50 who want to trade the stresses of a white-collar career for something more light-hearted. Meeting planners, marketing pros and medical adminstrators are also in high demand in the Orlando.

Salt Lake City

Unemployment rate: 3.4%

Population: 194,000

Utah has become something of a refuge for knowledge-industry companies that no longer want to put up with the costs of real estate and wages in California or the Pacific Northwest. (Just ask the tech companies of the state’s “Silicon Slopes.”)

But since Utah itself isn’t exactly populous, job openings often outnumber the available talent. Consequently, Salt Lake City has enjoyed among the highest rates of salary growth in the country over the past decade, according to BLS data. Those dollars stretch a lot further in a metro area where housing costs are quite a bit lower than the national average. The upshot: More disposable income for skiing and hiking excursions in the Mountain West.