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“工程師為什么要在公路上建彎道？”臨床心理學家和認知神經科學家伊恩·羅伯森的新書《壓力測試：壓力如何讓你變得更強大和更敏銳》（The Stress Test: How Pressure Can Make You Stronger and Sharper），便以這個問題開篇。本書將在今年1月出版發行。羅伯森對這個問題的回答是，沒有彎道的公路，即單調漫長、筆直的高速公路，會欺騙我們的大腦進入一種“自動駕駛”的狀態。而令人意外的是，在精力和警惕性下降的狀態下，人們很容易犯下愚蠢的錯誤，或者當環境發生變化時無法迅速做出反應。當你以每小時60英里的速度駕駛一輛兩噸重的汽車時，這種大腦的瞬間短路可能是致命的。

但羅伯森表示，幸運的是，人生的道路從來都不缺少彎道。羅伯森是德克薩斯大學達拉斯分校（University of Texas, at Dallas）腦健康中心的T. 布恩·皮肯斯杰出科學家。當然，這些彎道通常會表現為壓力，而當我們沒有做好準備的時候，這些壓力往往會產生大量的焦慮。但難點在于：羅伯森表示，壓力實際上可以幫助我們表現得更好，前提是我們知道如何駕馭壓力。

比如，你突然得知要參加一次數學考試。羅伯森表示，“如果你擔心和質疑自己是否有能力”在考試中取得好成績，壓力就會削弱你的表現。“但如果你不擔心自己的能力，壓力反而會提高你的能力——在這種情況下，壓力越大，結果越好。”皮質醇會擾亂數學焦慮，但對于不緊張的人來說，皮質醇的突然升高反而會產生相反的作用，研究顯示：皮質醇升高會讓一個人進入“績效甜蜜點”。

好消息是，我們可以訓練自己，把日常的恐慌，變成一種興奮，就像棒球比賽中，一位優秀的強擊手上場后面臨“英雄時刻”的那種感覺。在他們眼中，在0-2落后、兩人出局，抑或是平局時的快速直球，棒球就像排球一樣大，速度也同樣緩慢。

關于完成這種轉變的具體指導，隱藏在羅伯森新書的字里行間 ，這本書大部分回顧了作者在工作和生活當中，發現這一事實的具體過程。但他在書中討論的歷史和有趣的案例，很值得一讀。

即使沒有其他作用，在本周，面對節日之前的最終期限、最后時刻的購物焦慮、出行與交通等，有人提醒我們殺不死我們的，必令我們更強大，也是好事。（財富中文網）

譯者：劉進龍/汪皓

“Why do engineers build bends in roads?” That’s the question with which clinical psychologist and cognitive neuroscientist Ian Robertson begins his new book, The Stress Test: How Pressure Can Make You Stronger and Sharper, due for release in January. The answer, explains Robertson, is that a road without bends—an endlessly, monotonously straight highway—lulls our brains into a state of “autopilot.” And in energy-saver, half-alert state, it’s surprisingly easy to make a dumb mistake—or fail to react quickly to a change in circumstances. When driving a two-ton vehicle 60 miles an hour, such flashes of mental failure can be deadly, of course.

Luckily for us, though, the road of life has no shortage of bends, says Robertson, the T. Boone Pickens Distinguished Scientist at the Center for BrainHealth at the University of Texas, at Dallas. Sure, those bends, quite often, manifest as stress, often bringing profound anxiety when we’re not prepared for them. But here’s the rub: That stress, says Robertson, can actually help us perform better if we know how to harness it.

Consider the prospect of taking a surprise math quiz. “If you worry about and doubt your ability” to perform well on the test, stress weakens your performance, Robertson says. “But if you don’t worry about your ability, stress can boost your performance—and in this case the more of it the better.” A sudden boost of cortisol that flummoxes the math-anxious has the opposite effect on the non-anxious, research shows: It pushes the person into the “performance sweet spot.”

The good news is we can actually train ourselves to turn our quotidian panic into the kind of rush that great sluggers feel when they get that “hero moment” at the plate. For them, that 0-2, two-out, tie-game fastball looks as fat and slow as a volleyball.

The actual how-to aspects of this transformation are snuck in here and there in Robertson’s book, which is largely a review of the author’s own discovery of this revelation through the course of his work and life experience. But that history, and the fascinating case studies he discusses, are worth reading.

If nothing else, in this week of pre-holiday deadlines, last-minute-shopping anxiety, travel and traffic, it’s good to be reminded that whatever doesn’t kill us... can make us stronger.