人工智能最近在商業(yè)前沿的崛起讓大多數(shù)上班族都在思考,他們應(yīng)該多久使用一次該技術(shù),以及計(jì)算機(jī)最終是否會(huì)取代他們。
這些都是工作場所通訊平臺(tái)Slack最近進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究的亮點(diǎn)。在對(duì)5000名辦公室工作人員進(jìn)行深入訪談后,Slack總結(jié)出工作場所中使用人工智能技術(shù)的工作人員的五種性格類型:在工作中經(jīng)常使用人工智能的“極多主義者”;暗中使用人工智能的“地下黨”;憎惡人工智能的“反叛者”;對(duì)人工智能感到興奮但仍未使用該技術(shù)的“超級(jí)粉絲”;以及持觀望態(tài)度的“觀察者”。
只有50%的受訪者屬于“極多主義者”或“地下黨”類別,這給希望員工擁抱人工智能技術(shù)的企業(yè)帶來了挑戰(zhàn)。美聯(lián)社(Associated Press)最近與Slack研究和分析高級(jí)副總裁克里斯蒂娜·詹澤(Christina Janzer)討論了工作中使用人工智能技術(shù)帶來的興奮和緊張情緒。
問:關(guān)于工作中使用人工智能技術(shù)的廣泛看法,你如何看待?
答:這表明人們正以各式各樣的方式體驗(yàn)人工智能,從而產(chǎn)生了不同的情感反應(yīng)。理解這些情感反應(yīng)將有助于了解如何推動(dòng)人工智能技術(shù)應(yīng)用。如果人們在使用人工智能技術(shù)時(shí)感到內(nèi)疚或緊張,他們可能就不會(huì)使用這項(xiàng)技術(shù)。因此,我們必須了解人們的想法,然后引導(dǎo)他們學(xué)習(xí)并認(rèn)識(shí)到這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)的價(jià)值。
問:“極多主義者”和“地下黨”似乎都是早期采用人工智能技術(shù)的工作人員,但他們的態(tài)度有何不同?
答:“極多主義者”全力支持人工智能。他們從中獲得了價(jià)值,對(duì)此感到興奮,并且積極分享自己正在使用該技術(shù)的經(jīng)歷,這對(duì)其他人使用人工智能起到了重要的推動(dòng)作用。
我真正感興趣的是“地下黨”,因?yàn)樗麄冋谑褂萌斯ぶ悄芗夹g(shù),但又在隱瞞這一點(diǎn)。有各種各樣的原因?qū)е滤麄冞@樣做。他們擔(dān)心會(huì)被認(rèn)為能力不足,或被視為作弊。因此,我們有機(jī)會(huì)為他們提供明確的指導(dǎo),幫助他們了解人工智能的使用是值得稱贊和鼓勵(lì)的。但目前,他們的公司并沒有提供指導(dǎo)方針,他們也不覺得自己尤其受到鼓勵(lì)來使用這項(xiàng)技術(shù)。
總的來說,人們對(duì)人工智能的興奮多于質(zhì)疑,所以我認(rèn)為這是件好事。我們只需要弄清楚如何利用這種興奮。
問:在Slack的研究中,有19%的員工屬于“反叛者”,如何應(yīng)對(duì)?
答:反叛者往往是女性,這一點(diǎn)非常耐人尋味。每五個(gè)反叛者中就有三個(gè)是女性,這顯然不是我希望看到的。此外,反叛者往往年齡較大。從高層次來看,男性采用這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的比例高于女性。
問:為什么你認(rèn)為抵制人工智能的女性多于男性?
答:女性更有可能將人工智能視為一種威脅,更有可能擔(dān)心人工智能會(huì)取代她們的工作。在我看來,這表明女性在職場中沒有像男性那樣受到信任。如果你感到自己得到了經(jīng)理的信任,你就更有可能嘗試使用人工智能。女性不愿意采用可能被視為自己替代品的技術(shù),而男性由于感到更受信任而更有信心這種情況不會(huì)發(fā)生,因此他們更愿意采用人工智能技術(shù)。
問:如果雇主希望員工在工作中擁抱人工智能,他們應(yīng)該做哪些事情?
答:我們發(fā)現(xiàn)有五分之三的辦公人員甚至不清楚自己所在公司在人工智能方面的明確指導(dǎo)方針,因?yàn)檫@些公司根本就沒有告訴他們?nèi)魏蜗嚓P(guān)信息,這無疑是一個(gè)巨大的機(jī)會(huì)。
另一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)是鼓勵(lì)公開使用人工智能。如果我們能夠創(chuàng)造一種文化,讓人們稱贊人工智能的應(yīng)用,看到他人如何使用它,那么他們就會(huì)知道這種技術(shù)是被接受和贊賞的,從而受到啟發(fā)。
第三個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)是,我們必須創(chuàng)造一種實(shí)驗(yàn)文化,讓人們樂于嘗試、測試和適應(yīng),因?yàn)楹芏嗳酥皇遣恢缽暮伍_始。事實(shí)上,你可以從小處著手,并不需要完全改變自己的工作。讓人工智能寫電子郵件或總結(jié)內(nèi)容是一個(gè)很好的起點(diǎn),這樣你就可以開始了解這項(xiàng)技術(shù)能夠做些什么。
問:你認(rèn)為人們對(duì)人工智能導(dǎo)致失業(yè)的擔(dān)憂有道理嗎?
答:掌握人工智能技術(shù)的人將取代那些沒有掌握該技術(shù)的人。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:中慧言-王芳
人工智能最近在商業(yè)前沿的崛起讓大多數(shù)上班族都在思考,他們應(yīng)該多久使用一次該技術(shù),以及計(jì)算機(jī)最終是否會(huì)取代他們。
這些都是工作場所通訊平臺(tái)Slack最近進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究的亮點(diǎn)。在對(duì)5000名辦公室工作人員進(jìn)行深入訪談后,Slack總結(jié)出工作場所中使用人工智能技術(shù)的工作人員的五種性格類型:在工作中經(jīng)常使用人工智能的“極多主義者”;暗中使用人工智能的“地下黨”;憎惡人工智能的“反叛者”;對(duì)人工智能感到興奮但仍未使用該技術(shù)的“超級(jí)粉絲”;以及持觀望態(tài)度的“觀察者”。
只有50%的受訪者屬于“極多主義者”或“地下黨”類別,這給希望員工擁抱人工智能技術(shù)的企業(yè)帶來了挑戰(zhàn)。美聯(lián)社(Associated Press)最近與Slack研究和分析高級(jí)副總裁克里斯蒂娜·詹澤(Christina Janzer)討論了工作中使用人工智能技術(shù)帶來的興奮和緊張情緒。
問:關(guān)于工作中使用人工智能技術(shù)的廣泛看法,你如何看待?
答:這表明人們正以各式各樣的方式體驗(yàn)人工智能,從而產(chǎn)生了不同的情感反應(yīng)。理解這些情感反應(yīng)將有助于了解如何推動(dòng)人工智能技術(shù)應(yīng)用。如果人們在使用人工智能技術(shù)時(shí)感到內(nèi)疚或緊張,他們可能就不會(huì)使用這項(xiàng)技術(shù)。因此,我們必須了解人們的想法,然后引導(dǎo)他們學(xué)習(xí)并認(rèn)識(shí)到這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)的價(jià)值。
問:“極多主義者”和“地下黨”似乎都是早期采用人工智能技術(shù)的工作人員,但他們的態(tài)度有何不同?
答:“極多主義者”全力支持人工智能。他們從中獲得了價(jià)值,對(duì)此感到興奮,并且積極分享自己正在使用該技術(shù)的經(jīng)歷,這對(duì)其他人使用人工智能起到了重要的推動(dòng)作用。
我真正感興趣的是“地下黨”,因?yàn)樗麄冋谑褂萌斯ぶ悄芗夹g(shù),但又在隱瞞這一點(diǎn)。有各種各樣的原因?qū)е滤麄冞@樣做。他們擔(dān)心會(huì)被認(rèn)為能力不足,或被視為作弊。因此,我們有機(jī)會(huì)為他們提供明確的指導(dǎo),幫助他們了解人工智能的使用是值得稱贊和鼓勵(lì)的。但目前,他們的公司并沒有提供指導(dǎo)方針,他們也不覺得自己尤其受到鼓勵(lì)來使用這項(xiàng)技術(shù)。
總的來說,人們對(duì)人工智能的興奮多于質(zhì)疑,所以我認(rèn)為這是件好事。我們只需要弄清楚如何利用這種興奮。
問:在Slack的研究中,有19%的員工屬于“反叛者”,如何應(yīng)對(duì)?
答:反叛者往往是女性,這一點(diǎn)非常耐人尋味。每五個(gè)反叛者中就有三個(gè)是女性,這顯然不是我希望看到的。此外,反叛者往往年齡較大。從高層次來看,男性采用這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的比例高于女性。
問:為什么你認(rèn)為抵制人工智能的女性多于男性?
答:女性更有可能將人工智能視為一種威脅,更有可能擔(dān)心人工智能會(huì)取代她們的工作。在我看來,這表明女性在職場中沒有像男性那樣受到信任。如果你感到自己得到了經(jīng)理的信任,你就更有可能嘗試使用人工智能。女性不愿意采用可能被視為自己替代品的技術(shù),而男性由于感到更受信任而更有信心這種情況不會(huì)發(fā)生,因此他們更愿意采用人工智能技術(shù)。
問:如果雇主希望員工在工作中擁抱人工智能,他們應(yīng)該做哪些事情?
答:我們發(fā)現(xiàn)有五分之三的辦公人員甚至不清楚自己所在公司在人工智能方面的明確指導(dǎo)方針,因?yàn)檫@些公司根本就沒有告訴他們?nèi)魏蜗嚓P(guān)信息,這無疑是一個(gè)巨大的機(jī)會(huì)。
另一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)是鼓勵(lì)公開使用人工智能。如果我們能夠創(chuàng)造一種文化,讓人們稱贊人工智能的應(yīng)用,看到他人如何使用它,那么他們就會(huì)知道這種技術(shù)是被接受和贊賞的,從而受到啟發(fā)。
第三個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)是,我們必須創(chuàng)造一種實(shí)驗(yàn)文化,讓人們樂于嘗試、測試和適應(yīng),因?yàn)楹芏嗳酥皇遣恢缽暮伍_始。事實(shí)上,你可以從小處著手,并不需要完全改變自己的工作。讓人工智能寫電子郵件或總結(jié)內(nèi)容是一個(gè)很好的起點(diǎn),這樣你就可以開始了解這項(xiàng)技術(shù)能夠做些什么。
問:你認(rèn)為人們對(duì)人工智能導(dǎo)致失業(yè)的擔(dān)憂有道理嗎?
答:掌握人工智能技術(shù)的人將取代那些沒有掌握該技術(shù)的人。(財(cái)富中文網(wǎng))
譯者:中慧言-王芳
Artificial intelligence’s recent rise to the forefront of business has left most office workers wondering how often they should use the technology and whether a computer will eventually replace them.
Those were among the highlights of a recent study conducted by the workplace communications platform Slack. After conducting in-depth interviews with 5,000 desktop workers, Slack concluded there are five types of AI personalities in the workplace: “The Maximalist” who regularly uses AI on their jobs; “The Underground” who covertly uses AI; “The Rebel,” who abhors AI; “The Superfan” who is excited about AI but still hasn’t used it; and “The Observer” who is taking a wait-and-see approach.
Only 50% of the respondents fell under the Maximalist or Underground categories, posing a challenge for businesses that want their workers to embrace AI technology. The Associated Press recently discussed the excitement and tension surrounding AI at work with Christina Janzer, Slack’s senior vice president of research and analytics.
Q: What do you make about the wide range of perceptions about AI at work?
A: It shows people are experiencing AI in very different ways, so they have very different emotions about it. Understanding those emotions will help understand what is going to drive usage of AI. If people are feeling guilty or nervous about it, they are not going to use it. So we have to understand where people are, then point them toward learning to value this new technology.
Q: The Maximalist and The Underground both seem to be early adopters of AI at work, but what is different about their attitudes?
A: Maximalists are all in on AI. They are getting value out of it, they are excited about it, and they are actively sharing that they are using it, which is a really big driver for usage among others.
The Underground is the one that is really interesting to me because they are using it, but they are hiding it. There are different reasons for that. They are worried they are going to be seen as incompetent. They are worried that AI is going to be seen as cheating. And so with them, we have an opportunity to provide clear guidelines to help them know that AI usage is celebrated and encouraged. But right now they don’t have guidelines from their companies and they don’t feel particularly encouraged to use it.
Overall, there is more excitement about AI than not, so I think that’s great We just need to figure out how to harness that.
Q: What about the 19% of workers who fell under the Rebel description in Slack’s study?
A: Rebels tend to be women, which is really interesting. Three out of five rebels are women, which I obviously don’t like to see. Also, rebels tend to be older. At a high level, men are adopting the technology at higher rates than women.
Q: Why do you think more women than men are resisting AI?
A: Women are more likely to see AI as a threat, more likely to worry that AI is going to take over their jobs. To me, that points to women not feeling as trusted in the workplace as men do. If you feel trusted by your manager, you are more likely to experiment with AI. Women are reluctant to adopt a technology that might be seen as a replacement for them whereas men may have more confidence that isn’t going to happen because they feel more trusted.
Q: What are some of the things employers should be doing if they want their workers to embrace AI on the job?
A: We are seeing three out of five desk workers don’t even have clear guidelines with AI, because their companies just aren’t telling them anything, so that’s a huge opportunity.
Another opportunity to encourage AI usage in the open. If we can create a culture where it’s celebrated, where people can see the way people are using it, then they can know that it’s accepted and celebrated. Then they can be inspired.
The third thing is we have to create a culture of experimentation where people feel comfortable trying it out, testing it, getting comfortable with it because a lot of people just don’t know where to start. The reality is you can start small, you don’t have to completely change your job. Having AI write an email or summarize content is a great place to start so you can start to understand what this technology can do.
Q: Do you think the fears about people losing their jobs because of AI are warranted?
A: People with AI are going to replace people without AI.