在Ariel Capital公司的創始人小約翰·羅杰斯成為美國的知名投資者和黑人商業界先鋒之前,他曾經是一個住在芝加哥南部海德公園(Hyde Park)的小孩。他的父親此前是塔斯基吉的飛行員,后來轉行做了庫克郡法官。有一天,一名白人律師和他交談時問道:“為什么非洲裔美國人不在股市多投點錢呢?在投資方面,你12歲的孩子和我12歲的孩子沒有什么區別。”
從那個時候開始,羅杰斯一家在晚餐時的交談內容發生了改變。羅杰斯在節日收到的是股權證,而不是玩具。他投資了當地的公用設施公司和通用汽車(General Motors),聚精會神地閱讀他父親訂閱的股市研究資訊。他們的對話也變成了資產組合、研究和財務指標。最棒的福利在于:羅杰斯能夠將股票組合的派息當作自己的零花錢。
羅杰斯也用類似的方法來教育自己的女兒,而且投身于動員更多的黑人家庭通過參與投資來創造財富,并開展一些超級基礎的工作:談論如何投資。
本周,Ariel攜手嘉信理財(Charles Schwab)發布了其對美國黑人財務習慣的年度調查。其發現展現了一絲希望,但再次凸顯了依然存在的投資不平等現象。調查稱:“各組人群在投資參與方面存在根深蒂固的差距,參與股市投資的美國黑人和白人比例分別為55%和71%。這種不平等在經過時間的發酵后就會變成:中產階級美國黑人在退休時的儲蓄金比白人更少,而且可以留給子孫后代的財富也比白人更少。”
確實,在嘉信理財和Ariel調查覆蓋的20年中,2020年黑人投資者的股市整體參與率最低。然而,這里也有一些令人鼓舞的跡象,涉及較年輕的黑人投資者。在40歲以下的受調對象中,有63%如今投資了股市,與同年齡段白人相當。報告顯示,“較年輕投資者差距的縮小受益于新投資者,因為2020年首次投資股市的黑人投資者是白人的三倍(15%對比5%)”。
說到各類401(k)計劃,僅有超過半數的黑人和白人受調對象投資了其中一種。然而,“白人401(K)計劃參與者每個月在其退休賬戶的投資額要比黑人參與者高出26%(291美元對比231美元)。”這主要歸咎于美國司空見慣的種族工資差距所帶來的涓滴效應。
在一篇新聞稿中,Ariel的聯席首席執行官兼總裁麥樂迪·霍布森稱:“這些差異并非是什么新現象。說到積累財富,美國黑人從一開始就處于劣勢。”他指出,23%的美國黑人稱他們繼承了財富遺產,而這個比例在美國白人中是51%。這一現象屬于歧視性做法的遺留問題,它涉及房屋、借貸和薪酬,其中很多在當前依然屢見不鮮。我在《財富》雜志的同事麥肯納·摩爾最近與《紐約時報》(New York Times)的艾米麗·福利特進行了交談,后者正在撰寫一本講述金融歧視的書。
對凱利·施瓦布-珀梅蘭茨(他的父親查爾斯·施瓦布創建了同名公司)來說,該調查揭示了金融公司該如何與黑人群體建立信任以及鼓勵其提升金融素養,以及金融公司在這一方面必須要做的工作。當問及金融服務提供商是否“可信”時,“超過70%的白人和黑人受調對象稱他們是可信的。然而,僅有35%的黑人投資者覺得自己在與金融機構打交道時受到了尊重,而有此感受的白人投資者為62%。”她說:“有些人感覺自己并未得到金融機構的重視,作為一個行業,我們不得不與這些人建立更多的信任。”
Ariel與嘉信理財長期以來一直致力于投資那些鼓勵提升年輕人金融素養的項目,施瓦布-珀梅蘭茨認為此舉或將成為我們社會“絕佳的均衡器”。羅杰斯對有一項數據感到由衷的高興:雖然只有10%的美國黑人稱自己會談論股市的上揚,但當前的比例已經升至37%。他希望更多的父母能夠向其孩子講述這個道理:盡管玩具的開箱會讓孩子感到愉悅,但股息會源源不斷地產生。(財富中文網)
譯者:馮豐
審校:夏林
在Ariel Capital公司的創始人小約翰·羅杰斯成為美國的知名投資者和黑人商業界先鋒之前,他曾經是一個住在芝加哥南部海德公園(Hyde Park)的小孩。他的父親此前是塔斯基吉的飛行員,后來轉行做了庫克郡法官。有一天,一名白人律師和他交談時問道:“為什么非洲裔美國人不在股市多投點錢呢?在投資方面,你12歲的孩子和我12歲的孩子沒有什么區別。”
從那個時候開始,羅杰斯一家在晚餐時的交談內容發生了改變。羅杰斯在節日收到的是股權證,而不是玩具。他投資了當地的公用設施公司和通用汽車(General Motors),聚精會神地閱讀他父親訂閱的股市研究資訊。他們的對話也變成了資產組合、研究和財務指標。最棒的福利在于:羅杰斯能夠將股票組合的派息當作自己的零花錢。
羅杰斯也用類似的方法來教育自己的女兒,而且投身于動員更多的黑人家庭通過參與投資來創造財富,并開展一些超級基礎的工作:談論如何投資。
本周,Ariel攜手嘉信理財(Charles Schwab)發布了其對美國黑人財務習慣的年度調查。其發現展現了一絲希望,但再次凸顯了依然存在的投資不平等現象。調查稱:“各組人群在投資參與方面存在根深蒂固的差距,參與股市投資的美國黑人和白人比例分別為55%和71%。這種不平等在經過時間的發酵后就會變成:中產階級美國黑人在退休時的儲蓄金比白人更少,而且可以留給子孫后代的財富也比白人更少。”
確實,在嘉信理財和Ariel調查覆蓋的20年中,2020年黑人投資者的股市整體參與率最低。然而,這里也有一些令人鼓舞的跡象,涉及較年輕的黑人投資者。在40歲以下的受調對象中,有63%如今投資了股市,與同年齡段白人相當。報告顯示,“較年輕投資者差距的縮小受益于新投資者,因為2020年首次投資股市的黑人投資者是白人的三倍(15%對比5%)”。
說到各類401(k)計劃,僅有超過半數的黑人和白人受調對象投資了其中一種。然而,“白人401(K)計劃參與者每個月在其退休賬戶的投資額要比黑人參與者高出26%(291美元對比231美元)。”這主要歸咎于美國司空見慣的種族工資差距所帶來的涓滴效應。
在一篇新聞稿中,Ariel的聯席首席執行官兼總裁麥樂迪·霍布森稱:“這些差異并非是什么新現象。說到積累財富,美國黑人從一開始就處于劣勢。”他指出,23%的美國黑人稱他們繼承了財富遺產,而這個比例在美國白人中是51%。這一現象屬于歧視性做法的遺留問題,它涉及房屋、借貸和薪酬,其中很多在當前依然屢見不鮮。我在《財富》雜志的同事麥肯納·摩爾最近與《紐約時報》(New York Times)的艾米麗·福利特進行了交談,后者正在撰寫一本講述金融歧視的書。
對凱利·施瓦布-珀梅蘭茨(他的父親查爾斯·施瓦布創建了同名公司)來說,該調查揭示了金融公司該如何與黑人群體建立信任以及鼓勵其提升金融素養,以及金融公司在這一方面必須要做的工作。當問及金融服務提供商是否“可信”時,“超過70%的白人和黑人受調對象稱他們是可信的。然而,僅有35%的黑人投資者覺得自己在與金融機構打交道時受到了尊重,而有此感受的白人投資者為62%。”她說:“有些人感覺自己并未得到金融機構的重視,作為一個行業,我們不得不與這些人建立更多的信任。”
Ariel與嘉信理財長期以來一直致力于投資那些鼓勵提升年輕人金融素養的項目,施瓦布-珀梅蘭茨認為此舉或將成為我們社會“絕佳的均衡器”。羅杰斯對有一項數據感到由衷的高興:雖然只有10%的美國黑人稱自己會談論股市的上揚,但當前的比例已經升至37%。他希望更多的父母能夠向其孩子講述這個道理:盡管玩具的開箱會讓孩子感到愉悅,但股息會源源不斷地產生。(財富中文網)
譯者:馮豐
審校:夏林
Before John W. Rogers Jr., the founder of Ariel Capital, was one of country's preeminent investors and a pioneer in the Black business community, he was a preteen living in Hyde Park, on the South Side of Chicago. His dad, a former Tuskegee Airman turned Cook County judge, one day got into a conversation with a white lawyer. "Why doesn't the African American community invest more in the stock market?" the lawyer wanted to know. "Your 12-year-old should know as much about investing as my 12-year-old."
From that moment, the conversations around Rogers' dinner table changed. Instead of toys, Rogers received stock certificates at holidays. He invested in the local utility company and General Motors, poring over the research newsletters his dad subscribed to. Their conversations veered toward portfolios and research and financial metrics. The best part: Rogers got to keep the dividends from his stock portfolio as spending money.
Rogers took a similar path with his own daughter and is on a mission to get more Black families involved in creating wealth through investing, as well as doing something far more basic: talking.
This week Ariel, in partnership with Schwab, released their annual survey of the financial habits of Black Americans. The findings, while showing glimmers of hope, reinforce how much of an investing disparity remains. "The deep-rooted gap in participation between the groups persists, with 55% of Black Americans and 71% of white Americans reporting stock market investments. This disparity, compounded over time, means that middle-class Black Americans will have less money saved for retirement and less wealth to pass on to the next generation than their white peers," according to the survey.
Indeed, in 2020 Black investors reported their lowest overall participation rate in the stock market in the 20 years that Schwab and Ariel have been conducting this research. There were encouraging signs, however, among younger Black investors. Sixty-three percent of respondents under the age of 40 now are participating in the stock market, equal to their white counterparts. "The closing of this gap among younger investors is being driven by new investors," the report shows, as "three times as many Black investors as white investors (15% vs. 5%) report having invested in the market for the first time in 2020."
When it comes to 401(k) plans, just over half of Black and white survey respondents invest through one, but "white 401(k) plan participants invest 26% more per month toward their retirement accounts than Black 401(k) plan participants ($291 vs. $231)." This is one more trickle-down effect of the well-documented racial pay gap.
In a release, Ariel's co-CEO and president Mellody Hobson added, "These differences are not new. Black Americans are disadvantaged from the outset when it comes to building wealth," noting that 23% of Black Americans say they have inherited wealth versus 51% of white Americans. This stems from a legacy of discriminatory practices when it comes to housing, lending, and pay, many of which persist to this day. My colleague at Fortune, McKenna Moore, recently talked to Emily Flitter of the New York Times, who is working on a book about financial discrimination.
For Carrie Schwab-Pomerantz, whose father, Charles Schwab, founded the namesake firm, the survey underscores how much work financial firms must do to build trust with the Black community and encourage financial literacy. When asked whether financial service providers were "trustworthy," more than 70% of white and Black respondents said they were. But only 35% of Black investors feel they are treated with respect by financial institutions, versus 62% of white investors. "We as an industry have to build more trust with people who have not felt welcomed by financial institutions," she says.
Both Ariel and Schwab have long invested in programs that encourage financial literacy among young people, something Schwab-Pomerantz believes that could be a "great equalizer" in our society. And Rogers is cheered by one statistic: While only 10% of Black Americans report talking about the stock market growing up, 37% do so now. It's a lesson he hopes more parents will impart to their kids: Toys may be fun to unwrap, but dividends keep on giving.