每當媒體報道碧昂絲的資產凈值有4.5億美元，或者特朗普的資產凈值有37億美元時，你可能不禁會想：“我的資產凈值是多少？”雖然你可能沒有億萬身家，但要算出自己的資產凈值也不難。

所謂的資產凈值，其實就是你的資產減去負債所剩的數額。如果你的資產凈值是負數，那就說明你的負債超過了資產。如果你的資產凈值是正數，那就說明你的資產超過了負債。

如果你也有一個發財夢，那么了解和掌控自己的資產凈值是非常重要的。現在我們就來看看如何計算你的資產凈值，好讓你能在此基礎上實現個人財富的增長。

如何計算你的資產凈值

要想計算自己的資產凈值，你首先需要掌握自己的資產和負債額。

首先你要收集以下信息：

? 房屋所有權證

? 當前注冊和未注冊的投資證明

? 娛樂性車輛載具及私家車的當前價值

? 銀行存款證明

? 所有的抵押貸款證明

? 信用卡證明

? 學生貸款、車貸、銀行貸款、信用額度和個人貸款證明等信息

? 人壽保險證明

一旦你有了關于個人資產和負債的全部信息，你就可以開始計算你的凈資產了。第一步，你要計算所有資產的價值，它也是決定你的資產凈值能否增長的關鍵。

有形資產清單

有了各種所需信息之后，就可以動手計算了。首先要計算的是有形資產。

顧名思義，有形資產就是各種物理資產的價值。換句話說，有形資產必然是看得見摸得著的。你要對以下各種有形資產列出清單，并計算其價值：

? 住宅

? 度假住宅

? 出租房

? 投資性房產

? 家具

? 汽車

? 運動及收藏性車輛

? 休閑性載具，如游艇、雪地車、野營車等 。

? 藝術品

? 珠寶

將這些資產的價值相加，你就得到了你的有形資產總值。

權益資產清單

權益資產指的是你在企業里持有的所有者權益，也包括你的養老金賬戶中的股票。

你要對以下各種權益資產列出清單，并計算其價值：

? 股票

? 可變年金

? 合伙股份

? 商業股份

? 養老金賬戶，比如401k或IRA。

將以上所有項目的價值相加，就得到了你的權益資產總值。

固定收入資產清單

下一步，你要列出自己的固定收入資產清單。你的固定收入資產也包括能夠定期付息的長期投資。

固定收入資產可能包括：

? 美國政府債券及證券

? 市政債券

? 企業債券

? 債券共同基金

將此類別的所有項目相加，你就得到了自己的固定收入資產總值。

現金和現金等價物清單

現金等價物是指在緊急情況下能夠立即提現的短期賬戶和投資，包括你支票戶頭和銀行賬戶上的所有現金，以及其它能夠輕易變現的貨幣市場基金。

該類別的資產一般有：

? 支票賬戶余額

? 儲蓄賬戶余額

? 貨幣市場共同基金余額

? 定期存單

? 其他現金儲蓄

將以上項目的價值相加，就得到了你的現金及現金等價物總值。

一旦你分別計算出了所有列出的資產項目的價值，你就可以算出自己的資產總值了。資產總值的計算十分簡單，將各個資產類別的總值相加即可。

? 有形資產

? 權益資產

? 固定收入資產

? 現金和現金等價物

? 其他資產

負債清單

下面就要算算你的負債了。負債就是個人或企業欠別人的錢，它會拉低你的資產凈值。

負債主要包括以下項目：

? 住房抵押貸款

? 名下其他房產的抵押貸款，如度假屋和出租房的抵押貸款。

? 房屋凈值信用額度

? 房屋凈值貸款

? 車貸

? 銀行貸款

? 學生貸款

? 個人信用額度余額

? 信用卡余額

? 個人貸款

? 其他債務

將以上各項的價值相加，你就得到了自己的總負債金額。

應用資產凈值計算公式

一旦你列出了自己的所有資產和負債，要想計算自己的資產凈值就十分簡便了。用總資產額減去總負債額，就可以算出自己的資產凈值。即：

總資產–總負債=資產凈值

每年計算一次自己的資產凈值，對于一個人的理財規劃是十分重要的。因為它有助于你評估自己的經濟水平，以及你與自己的理財目標相差多遠。它也會向你展示一些進行改變的機會。比如，你手里的現金可能超過了不時的救急之需，因此你可以把多余的現金用于投資，為退休攢些養老錢，或是為子女攢下上學錢。

另一方面，如果年度資產凈值顯示你的負債比資產增長得要快，那么你可能就要重新制訂一下家庭預算，想個最好的辦法擺脫負債了。（財富中文網）

本文原載于GoBankingRates.com。

譯者：樸成奎

When you see Beyonce's net worth of $450 million or President Donald Trump's net worth of $3.7 billion, you're probably wondering, "What is my net worth?" Although you might not be worth millions or billions of dollars, you don't have to be a millionaire or a billionaire to find your net worth.

Your net worth is a snapshot of the value of what you own minus what you owe. If you have a negative net worth, then you owe more than what you have available to you. A positive net worth means the value of what you own is greater than the amount that you owe.

If you have dreams of becoming rich, knowing and monitoring your net worth is important. Here's how to calculate your net worth so you can grow your personal wealth.

How to calculate your net worth

To find your net worth, you'll first need current figures for everything you own and everything you owe.

Collect the following information:

? Real estate ownership papers

? Current registered and non-registered investment statements

? Current values on recreational vehicles and automobiles

? Bank account statements

? All mortgage statements

? Credit card statements

? Student, automobile, bank loan, credit line and personal loan statements

? Life insurance statements

Once you have all your information, you can begin calculating your net worth by starting with a list of all of your assets, which are anything of value that you own that increases your net worth.

List tangible assets

Now that you have all of the information you need, it's time to really dig into it. First up: tangible assets.

Tangible assets are items of value with physical properties. In other words, these are assets that you can touch. List and assign dollar values to all tangible assets such as:

? Residence

? Vacation home

? Rental properties

? Investment real estate

? Furniture

? Cars

? Sports or vintage automobiles

? Recreational equipment such as boats, snow machines or RVs

? Art

? Jewelry

Add up the dollar value of all of these items to find your total tangible assets.

List equity assets

Equity assets are your ownership interests in businesses, including stocks held in retirement accounts.

List and assign dollar values to all equity assets such as:

? Stocks

? Variable annuities

? Limited partnerships

? Business interests

? Any retirement accounts such as a 401k or IRA

Add up the dollar values of all items to find your total equity assets.

List fixed-income assets

Next, you need to list your fixed-income assets. Your fixed-income assets include long-term investments that pay interest on a fixed schedule.

Fixed-income assets can include:

? U.S. government bonds and securities

? Municipal bonds

? Corporate bonds

? Bond mutual funds

Add up the dollar values of all items you own in this category to find your total fixed-income assets.

List cash and cash equivalents

Cash equivalents refer to short-term accounts and investments that can be cashed in for emergencies. Include all the cash sitting in your checking and savings accounts, as well as all other easily liquidated money market funds.

Typical assets in this category include:

? Checking account balances

? Savings account balances

? Money market mutual fund balances

? Certificates of deposit

? Other cash reserves

Add up the dollar values of these items to find your total cash and cash equivalents.

Once you have all of your assets listed, it's time to sum up your total assets. To determine your total assets, add up the totals of each asset category:

? Tangible assets

? Equity assets

? Fixed-income assets

? Cash and cash equivalents

? Other assets

List your liabilities

Next, it's time to list your liabilities. A liability is money owed by an individual or business that decreases net worth.

Liabilities include:

? Home mortgage

? Other mortgages, such as vacation property or rental property

? Home equity line of credit

? Home equity loan

? Auto loans

? Bank loans

? Student loans

? Personal credit line balances

? Balances on credit cards

? Personal loans

? Other debts or money you owe

Add up the dollar values of each of these items to get your total liabilities.

Apply the net worth formula

Once you've listed all of your assets and liabilities, calculating your net worth is straightforward. Use the final total assets amount and the total liabilities amount to figure out your net worth:

Total Assets – Total Liabilities = Net Worth

Calculating your net worth annually is an important part of financial planning because it helps you assess your financial progress and how well you're meeting your financial goals. It might also show you opportunities to make changes. For example, you might have more money in cash than you need for an emergency fund; you could invest that money for retirement or education savings.

On the other hand, if updating your net worth annually shows your liabilities increasing more than your assets, it could be time to revisit your budget and figure out the best way to get out of debt.

This article originally appeared on GoBankingRates.com.