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專欄 - 財富書簽

流亡華爾街

Katie Benner 2011年12月31日

《財富》書簽(Weekly Read)專欄專門刊載《財富》雜志(Fortune)編輯團隊的書評,解讀商界及其他領域的新書。我們每周都會選登一篇新的評論。
本期專欄中,作家凱蒂?本納將為您解讀《流亡華爾街》(Exile on Wall Street)一書。在這本書中,分析師邁克爾?梅奧以局外人的視角深入揭露了華爾街的種種內幕。

??? 證劵分析師邁克爾?梅奧似乎從來都不害怕批評、哄騙世界上最強大的銀行,唯恐大家知道他是一位反叛者。這不僅是他在媒體和投資圈內樹立的形象,也是其新著《流亡華爾街》(Exile on Wall Street)的核心所在,而書名本身就像是在重復滾石樂隊(Rolling Stones)獻給性、毒品和搖滾樂的贊歌。

????48歲的梅奧令人信服地證明,自己絕對是賣方分析師中的“朋克”。梅奧在1994年聲稱,銀行股即將墜入最低谷,結果為此受盡嘲笑,一直至市場證實了他的判斷。1999年,他又建議拋售這些銀行股。他堅持認為,這項主張導致自己被瑞士信貸第一波士頓公司(Credit Suisse First Boston)解雇【2001年,《財富》雜志(Fortune)發表了一篇關于梅奧的報道,名為《正確的代價》(The Price of Being Right.),這篇報道也持有相同的觀點】。次貸危機顯露出美國各大銀行的高管是一群玩世不恭、道德淪喪,甚至有些幼稚可笑的家伙,然而早在危機爆發之前,梅奧就大聲地指出了華爾街高管任人唯親、天價薪酬和管理不善等方面的問題。正如人們所想象的,他的工作并不是很討雇主(基本上都是些銀行的CEO)的歡心。很短的時間內,他就換了好幾份工作,如今在一家小公司【里昂證券,隸屬于法國農業信貸證券公司(France's Credit Agricole Securities)】擔任銀行業分析師。

????梅奧解釋說,他來自一個從不循規蹈矩的家庭。他的母親在一個正統的猶太家庭長大,喜歡練瑜伽,離過婚,爾后再嫁,所有這些事都發生在梅奧5歲之前。他摯愛的繼父并非本地人,而是一位從共產主義國家羅馬尼亞逃脫的戰士,曾在1948年為以色列而戰,一輩子都保持著睡覺時在床邊放一把手槍的習慣。與許多也在尋找金融類工作的同代人不同的是,梅奧沒有接受過“常青藤”院校的教育,也沒有可以仰仗的家族關系。即使他先后供職于瑞銀集團(UBS)、雷曼兄弟公司(Lehman Brothers)和瑞士信貸公司(Credit Suisse),他也從未真正地融入華爾街文化之中。1994年,他和太太前往雷曼兄弟公司一位客戶的避暑別墅,參加在那里舉行的一個派對。梅奧寫道,站在一大幫身著海藍色運動外套的人群中,他們兩人就像是一對離水之魚。“杰奎琳和我還是習慣杜威海灘的派對,在那里可以穿游泳衣參加派對,如果想穿得稍微講究一些,在游泳衣上套一件鮮艷點的T恤就行了,”他回憶道。

????Michael Mayo, the analyst who has never seemed afraid to criticize and cajole the world's most powerful banks, wants you to know that he's a rebel. It's the persona that he's cultivated in the press and with investors; and it's also at the heart of his new book, Exile on Wall Street, the title itself is a riff on the Rolling Stones' 18-track paean to sex, drugs, and rock 'n roll.

????Mayo, 48, convincingly shows himself to be pretty punk rock among sell side analysts. He called the bottom in bank stocks in 1994, and he was derided for it until the markets proved him right. He said to sell those very same stocks in 1999, a move that he asserts got him fired from Credit Suisse First Boston. (Fortune came to the same conclusion in a 2001 story about Mayo called "The Price of Being Right.") And long before the mortgage crisis revealed executives at the nation's largest banks to be some combination of cynical, morally bankrupt, or na?ve, Mayo was calling out Wall Street executives for cronyism, lavish pay, and mismanagement. As one might imagine, his work has not made him wildly popular with his employers, who have mostly been bank CEOs. In a short time he burned several jobs and now works as a banking analyst at the small firm CLSA, an affiliate of France's Credit Agricole Securities.

????Mayo explains that he comes from a family of non-conformists. His mom, who was raised in an Orthodox Jewish home, embraced yoga, divorced, and remarried all before Mayo was five. And his beloved stepfather was an outsider and a fighter who escaped Communist Romania, fought for Israel in 1948, and slept with a handgun by his bed for his whole life. Mayo wasn't armed with an Ivy League education or family connections as were so many of his contemporaries who were also seeking jobs in finance. And even after he had worked at firms including UBS, Lehman Brothers, and Credit Suisse, he never really fit in with the culture of Wall Street. At a party thrown at the summer house of a Lehman client in 1994, Mayo writes that he and his wife were fish out water in a sea of navy blue sport coats. "Jackie and I were used to the parties at Dewey Beach, where you showed up to parties in a bathing suit, and if you wanted to be a little dressy, you put a neon T-shirt over it," he recalls.

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