????無視別人

????糟糕的職場傾聽者不在少數。許多人在開會和打電話的時候喋喋不休，根本沒有考慮其他人的觀點，或者根本注意不到他們的信息被當作了耳旁風。不要做這樣的人。

????梅爾徹解釋說：“之所以說這種做法有問題，是因為這是一種失衡的對話。別人會認為你沒有自知之明。”

????此外，你應該認清公司內部的勢力范圍。不要對同事說某個人的壞話，因為你永遠不知道每個人幕后效忠于誰。要清楚官方和非官方的組織結構，這樣你才不會像哥們一樣對老板說話，也不會像對待上司一樣對待與自己同級的同事。

????《初為領導者》（First-Time Leader）一書的作者喬治?布拉特認為：“像對待同事一樣對待老板是一種失禮的行為。而像對待下屬一樣對待同事同樣如此。”例如，如果你領導的團隊中，有人并不是你的直接下屬，他們與你級別相同；你不能指望對他們指手畫腳。相反，你要通過設定共同的目標，贏得他們的配合。

????布拉特建議：“如果有人向你介紹團隊中的成員情況，要問一下這些人的上司是誰，也要問一下他們暗中向誰匯報工作。”例如，一家公司的新任總裁技術上負責營銷與業務開發，可結果這家業務開發部門的負責人卻是公司的聯合創始人之一、同時也是另外一名創始人、公司首席執行官的好朋友。

????布拉特說：“如果你的下屬中有一位是公司的創始人，那他就是你的老板！”

????不要浪費別人的時間，即便是用很不起眼的方式。如果你邀請別人進行一次社交會面，之前一定要充分調查一下對方和他的公司，針對會話內容制定一個議程，至少要打個腹稿。

????Being oblivious to others

????The workplace is filled with poor listeners. These people blather on during meetings and calls, failing to think of the other person's perspective or to pick up on cues that their messages are falling on deaf ears. Please don't be one of them.

????"The reason this is so problematic is that it's an imbalanced conversation," Melcher explains. "The other person is starting to conclude that you don't have any self-awareness."

????You should also be aware of the lines of power in your organization. Don't bad-mouth someone to a colleague because you never know who has behind-the-scenes loyalties. Be aware of the official -- and the unofficial -- organizational chart so you don't end up speaking to your boss like a buddy or to your peers like a supervisor.

????"Treating your boss like a peer is a faux pas. Treating a peer like a subordinate is a faux pas," says George Bradt, author of the forthcoming book First-Time Leader. For instance, if you're leading a team that includes people who aren't your direct reports, they are your peers; you can't expect to order them around. Rather, you need to win their cooperation by setting mutual goals.

????"When somebody tells you [the names of people on] your team, ask about who they report to, and ask about the shadow reporting," Bradt advises. For instance, one new company president was technically in charge of marketing and business development, but it turned out that the head of business development was a company founder and best friends with the chief executive, another founder.

????"You've got a guy working for you who started the company? He's your boss!" Bradt says.

????Don't waste people's time, even in small ways. If you ask for a networking meeting, arrive having researched the person and his organization. Have an agenda, even if it's just in your mind, to give the conversation structure.