????我們先來做個小調查：大學里哪一個專業更有可能出現“畢業即失業”的情況，是商務還是戲劇？后者是非常明顯的答案——尤其是在紐約市或洛杉磯這些地方，可能連你身邊的一位普通服務員都是在四處試鏡的間隙打打零工的演員。但其實更有可能面臨失業的卻是商務專業的畢業生。

????薪酬調研網站PayScale.com利用其數據庫中的4,000萬份工作檔案，對10個最受歡迎的大學專業進行了分析。結果發現，在戲劇專業畢業生當中，從事的工作與自身技能無關的比例是一般工作人口的6.9倍。但商務專業的情況更加糟糕。這個專業的失業幾率是平均水平的8.2倍。

????簡單來說，這就是所謂的供大于求——商務專業大學畢業生人數太多，而管理崗位空缺又太少。雖然經濟在穩步回升，創造了更多的工作崗位，但美國勞工統計局（Bureau of Labor Statistics）七月份的就業報告顯示，新增工作崗位大都來自零售店、餐廳和酒吧，這些地方提供的工作通常并不需要本科學歷。

????當然，這并不是說學生們應該放棄商務課程。相反：PayScale表示，一般商務管理的學士學位還不夠。如今，要想進入一家公司，通常需要精通一些高需求的領域，比如會計或金融，或攻讀一個MBA，或者（理想狀態下）兩者兼具。

????得益于《犯罪現場調查》（CSI）和《海軍罪案調查處》（NCIS）等電視節目的影響，刑事司法專業畢業的人數在近幾年突然攀升。PayScale的報告稱：“畢業生們都懷揣打擊犯罪和維護世界和平的夢想。”好消息是，許多畢業生最終都找到了警察、律師助理和保安等工作。報告認為，這些工作至少與刑事司法有點聯系。但報告同時也表示：“可真正的罪過是，這類工作無法收回四年本科生教育的投資?！边@種現實使刑事司法專業的不完全就業率達到6.9，與戲劇專業并列第二。

????其他入選PayScale十大就業不足專業的學科及各自得分分別是：人類學（5.8），人文科學（5.6）、歷史（5.5）、心理學（5）、生物學（4.9）、英語（4.6）和經濟學（3.1）。PayScale稱，如果對上述專業感興趣，恐怕要多花幾年時間攻讀研究生課程才會有出路。

????雖然經濟學3.1分的得分相對較低，但經濟學專業的本科生最可能從事客戶服務代表、銀行柜員或零售營業員——這些崗位通常也不需要有四年大學經歷。PayScale的報告稱：“許多經濟學專業的學生都懷有拯救世界經濟的偉大夢想。所以，當他們意識到當前的經濟狀況可能使得他們無法實現自己的職業規劃時，往往會深受打擊。”

????不過，對于所學無所用的畢業生們來說，至少有一點是值得欣慰的：他們起碼還有一份工作。因為在7月份，18至29歲年齡段的失業率連續兩個月保持在16.1%的高位，創下70年以來該年齡段持續失業率的最高記錄。（財富中文網）

????譯者：劉進龍/汪皓

????Here's a quick quiz: Which college major is more likely to lead to a job waiting tables after graduation, business or drama? The latter is the obvious answer -- especially if you spend much time in New York City or Los Angeles, where your average waitperson is just killing time between auditions -- but it's business.

????According to an analysis of 10 popular college majors by PayScale.com, using the 40 million job profiles in its database, theatre grads are toiling at jobs that don't use their skills at a rate of 6.9 times the general working population. But business majors fare even worse. They are 8.2 times more likely than average to be underemployed.

????It's a simple case of supply exceeding demand -- too many candidates with undergraduate business degrees are chasing too few management-track openings. While the economy is slowly but surely creating more jobs, the Bureau of Labor Statistics' July employment report showed that most of them are in retail stores, restaurants, and bars, where bachelor's degrees are usually not required.

????That's not to say that students should shun business courses. On the contrary: A bachelor's in general business administration is no longer enough, PayScale says. Now, getting a foot in the door of the corporate world takes specialization in a high-demand area like accounting or finance, or going after an MBA, or (ideally) both.

????Thanks in part to TV shows like CSI and NCIS, the number of criminal justice majors has soared in recent years. "Graduates imagine solving crimes and keeping the world safe," the PayScale report observes. The good news is that many grads do end up with jobs as police officers, paralegals, and security guards, which the report notes are at least related to criminal justice, adding, "The real crime here is that [these jobs] can be held without paying for a four-year degree." That earns criminal justice majors an underemployment rate of 6.9 -- tied for second place with their thespian peers.

????The rest of PayScale's 10 most underemployed majors and their scores: Anthropology (5.8), liberal arts (5.6), history (5.5), psychology (5), biology (4.9), English (4.6), and economics (3.1). Getting anywhere interesting with any of these will probably require stopping off for a couple of years of grad school first, PayScale notes.

????Even a bachelor's in economics, with its relatively low score of 3.1, will most likely lead to a job as a customer service rep, bank teller, or retail sales associate -- again, positions that don't generally call for four years of college. "Many economics students have big dreams of saving the economy," says the PayScale report. "So it can come as a shock to realize the economy might keep them from realizing their career plans."

????One consolation, however slight, for grads laboring at jobs where they aren't using their education: At least they're working somewhere. In July, unemployment among 18-to-29-year-olds stood at 16.1% for the second month in a row, the highest sustained jobless rate for this age group in nearly 70 years.