在中美貿(mào)易糾紛中，受影響最大的或許莫過(guò)于在華進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)的美國(guó)汽車(chē)廠商。

兩大美國(guó)商業(yè)組織——中國(guó)美國(guó)商會(huì)和上海美國(guó)商會(huì)于上周四聯(lián)合發(fā)布的調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示，美中相互加征關(guān)稅已經(jīng)產(chǎn)生了廣泛影響。

汽車(chē)行業(yè)受到的沖擊尤其明顯。接受調(diào)查的汽車(chē)廠商中，80.5%的公司表示自己受到了美國(guó)關(guān)稅的沖擊，受中國(guó)反制措施影響的占75%。中美均對(duì)來(lái)自對(duì)方的進(jìn)口整車(chē)及零部件征收關(guān)稅。

汽車(chē)行業(yè)之外，逾60%在華美國(guó)公司表示受到中美互征關(guān)稅影響。

受訪者表示，成本上升，利潤(rùn)下降，如果特朗普總統(tǒng)把威脅變?yōu)樾袆?dòng)，對(duì)另外2000億美元的中國(guó)商品征收關(guān)稅，情況就只會(huì)變得更糟。74.3%的受訪者認(rèn)為如此全面征稅將對(duì)他們產(chǎn)生不利影響，另有67.6%的受訪者表示中國(guó)的報(bào)復(fù)性措施將使其蒙受損失。

上海美國(guó)商會(huì)主席鄭藝說(shuō)：“這次調(diào)查證實(shí)了我們的擔(dān)憂，關(guān)稅已對(duì)美國(guó)企業(yè)產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響，若美國(guó)對(duì)另外2000億美元中國(guó)商品加征關(guān)稅，將帶來(lái)更多痛苦。如果幾乎一半的美國(guó)公司預(yù)計(jì)美國(guó)的下一輪關(guān)稅將產(chǎn)生很大的不利影響，那么美國(guó)政府就是在傷害它本應(yīng)給予幫助的對(duì)象。”

對(duì)特朗普平衡中美貿(mào)易關(guān)系并解決“長(zhǎng)期不公平問(wèn)題”的大目標(biāo)，鄭藝表示支持。但他指出：“我們可以采用無(wú)差別關(guān)稅以外的手段。”

美國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)，政府在加征關(guān)稅方面同樣遇到了相當(dāng)大的阻力，思科和惠普等企業(yè)最近請(qǐng)求美國(guó)貿(mào)易代表羅伯特·萊特希澤改變策略。來(lái)自中國(guó)的進(jìn)口商品成本上升已經(jīng)傷害到了小公司，而且許多人都認(rèn)為下一波沖擊將開(kāi)始體現(xiàn)在美國(guó)消費(fèi)者的錢(qián)包上。（財(cái)富中文網(wǎng)）

譯者：Charlie

審校：夏林

?

In the ongoing trade dispute between the U.S. and China, perhaps no companies are more affected than American automakers that are manufacturing their cars in China.

The biggest American business groups in China, AmCham China and AmCham Shanghai, jointly issued a survey last Thursday that showed widespread impacts from the U.S.’s tariffs on China, and the resulting Chinese tariffs on the U.S.

The effects are being particularly felt in the automotive industry. Of the respondents to the survey from that sector, 80.5% said they had been hit by the American tariffs, and 75% by the Chinese retaliation—each side has levied tariffs on imports of vehicles and components from the other.

Zoom out from the automotive sector, and more than 60% of American companies in China said they have been affected by the tit-for-tat spat.

In short, costs are up and profits are down, and the situation would only get worse if President Trump follows through with his threat to levy tariffs on a further $200 billion worth of imports from China, respondents said—74.3% said they expected to be negatively affected by that broadside, and 67.6% said they expected to take damage from the Chinese response.

“This survey affirms our concerns: tariffs are already negatively impacting U.S. companies and the imposition of a proposed $200 billion tranche will bring a lot more pain,” said AmCham Shanghai chairman Eric Zheng. “If almost a half of American companies anticipate a strong negative impact from the next round of U.S. tariffs, then the U.S. administration will be hurting the companies it should be helping.”

Zheng expressed support for Trump’s wider aim of levelling the playing field between the U.S. and China, and addressing “l(fā)ong-standing inequities.” However, he added, “we can do so through means other than blanket tariffs.”

The White House faces plenty of opposition toward fresh tariffs back home, too, with companies such as Cisco and Hewlett-Packard recently pleading with U.S. Trade Representative Robert Lighthizer to change tack. Small businesses are being hurt by the rising cost of imports from China, and many expect the next tranche would start being felt in American consumers’ wallets.