拯救可能成為圣戰分子的人，并不是簡簡單單地向他們展示這種極其邪惡的生活方式的恐怖，如斬首、饑餓、壓迫等。Alphabet的智囊組織Jigsaw的研發負責人雅斯明·格林用谷歌（Google）的典型方式，將這項挑戰視為“信息獲取問題”。Jigsaw致力于減少網絡仇恨與騷擾。

格林在周三于紐約召開的《連線》雜志業務會議上分享了她的觀點。她在活動開場時發表的演講非常尖銳，因為就在上周末，倫敦遭遇恐怖襲擊，這是幾個月來英國第三起由極端分子實施的暴行。在倫敦恐怖襲擊發生之后，英國首相特蕾莎·梅嚴厲批評谷歌、Facebook等大型科技公司，為這種令人討厭的恐怖主義意識形態提供了“供其繁衍的安全空間”，這讓格林的演講變得更有意義。

格林的職責包括確定如何通過谷歌的核心業務在線廣告定向投放，破壞極端分子為招募新人展開的宣傳攻勢。為了了解皈依者變得激進的心路歷程，她曾前往伊拉克北部，采訪了曾經為伊拉克和敘利亞的所謂伊斯蘭國（簡稱ISIS）訓練自殺炸彈襲擊者的叛逃者。在采訪過程中，她明確了制定對策時需要考慮的兩個重要因素。

首先，時機很重要。格林在臺上表示：“在他們購買前往伊斯坦布爾的機票時再進行干預，已經為時已晚。我們需要在他們剛剛產生共鳴但尚未完全接納極端思想的時候介入?！?/p>

第二，信息傳播很重要。簡單地展示斬首視頻，并不能動搖誤入歧途的思想。她說道：“這就好像在煙盒的一面，向吸煙者展示肺部的圖片。我也吸煙。我根本不看這些圖片。這并不能讓我戒煙?！?/p>

格林認為，一種更有效的策略是，對于想要成為極端分子的人們的疑問，提供有微妙差別的答案。她表示，這些人會質疑“宗教合法化、有效的治理、軍事實力等。對于那些可能讓他們變成極端主義的問題，我們應該給他們不同的答案。”

全社會都在努力解決這些復雜的社會問題，而產生這些問題的部分原因來自于互聯網。現在我們知道全球最大的網絡公司之一正在努力尋找這些問題的解決方案，這至少可以讓我們安心。（財富中文網）

譯者：劉進龍/汪皓

Rescuing someone who is on the brink of jihadism is not as simple as showing them the horrors—beheadings, starvation, subjugation—of that heinous lifestyle. Still, Yasmin Green, head of research and development at Jigsaw, an Alphabet think tank that aims to squelch online hate and harassment, views the challenge, in typical Googler fashion, as an "access to information problem."

Green shared her wisdom at the Wired business conference in New York on Wednesday. Her session, which kicked off the event, was distinctly poignant given last weekend's terror attacks in London, the UK's third extremist-borne atrocity in just as many months. Adding to its relevancy: In the aftermath of the recent brutality, British Prime Minister Theresa May took a swipe at big tech companies, like Google (goog) and Facebook (fb), for granting the unsavory ideology of militants "the safe space it needs to breed."

Green's job involves figuring out how to use Google's core business—online ad targeting—to disrupt extremist propaganda campaigns from luring new recruits. In order to understand the process by which converts become radicalized, she visited northern Iraq to interview defectors who had trained suicide bombers of the self-identified Islamic State in Iraq and Syria, often abbreviated ISIS. During her trip, a couple of factors important to consider when devising a counter strategy became clear.

First, timing matters. "At the time they're buying a ticket to Istanbul it is too late to intervene," Green said on stage. "We need to reach them when they're sympathetic, but not yet sold."

Second, messaging matters. Simply showing videos of decapitations will not sway the errant mind. "I kind of liken it to showing smokers on the side of a cigarette packet their lungs," she said. "I’ve been a smoker. I did not look at that. That’s not how I stopped smoking."

A more effective tactic, in Green's view, is to supply nuanced answers to would-be recruits queries. These people have valid questions about "religious legitimacy, effective governance, military prowess," she said. "Let's give them alternative answers to the questions they have that could lead them to joining."

As society grapples with these complex social issues wrought, in part, by the Internet, it's reassuring to know one of the world's biggest online businesses is seeking a solution.