微軟上周二表示，新的中國政府版Windows 10已經可供中國政府部門使用。

中國海關、上海市政府以及隸屬于央企中國科技電子集團的信息安全公司衛士通已成為微軟這款新產品的首批用戶。微軟發言人稱，這是該公司首次為中國客戶推出定制Windows。

微軟的中國定制版Windows凸顯出在華經營的美國科技公司面臨的難題。舉例來說，即將出爐的中國《網絡安全法》要求外國科技公司向政府巡視人員提供產品源代碼。源代碼通常為軟件廠商專有，而中國政府表示有必要查看源代碼，以便檢驗是否存在可能被黑客利用的漏洞。《華爾街日報》報道，微軟、IBM和英特爾去年12月曾對此表示不滿。

微軟當時指出：“共享源代碼本身并不能證明軟件的安全性和可控性，它只能證明源代碼的存在。”

中國政府想檢查外國公司軟件源代碼的部分動機源于引人注目的愛德華?斯諾登泄密事件。斯諾登泄露的一些文件表明，美國情報部門偷偷在原產于美國的科技產品，比如思科的路由器和交換機上安裝了所謂“后門”，以便他們進行網絡間諜活動。

為打消中國政府的顧慮，微軟去年9月份稱，將在北京設立技術透明中心，供中國官方分析微軟的各類產品是否存在安全隱患。

微軟Windows和設備業務執行副總裁特里?梅森在博客中透露，兩年來微軟“一直在誠心誠意地和中國政府一起檢驗Windows 10的安全性”。梅森說，中國版Windows基于面向商業用戶的傳統Windows 10企業版，但加入了適于中國政府官員的定制功能。

比如說，在這款Windows 10中，中國政府官員可以用他們自己的加密技術來保護不希望別人看到的數據。此外，中國版Windows無法連接微軟的OneDrive服務，后者可以讓人們把文件存儲在微軟控制的數據中心里，也就是所謂的云存儲。

可以想見，中國政府官員應該想把所有數據都穩妥地放在自己的電腦里，從而盡可能避免把這些信息存儲在自己控制范圍以外的數據中心里所帶來的風險。

微軟同時表示，PC制造商聯想已成為首位中國版Windows合作伙伴，出售給中國政府的聯想電腦將預裝這款操作系統。（財富中文網）

譯者：Charlie

審稿：夏林

Microsoft said Tuesday that its new Windows 10 China Government Edition is ready for Chinese government agencies to use.

China Customs, the city of Shanghai, and China government-controlled IT company Westone Information Technology are Microsoft’s first customers for the new software. A Microsoft spokesperson said that this is the first time Microsoft has built a custom version of Windows for China.

Microsoft's (msft, +0.34%) debut of a tweaked version of Windows for China highlights the headaches involved when U.S. technology companies do business in that country. For example, an upcoming Chinese cyber security bill would require foreign technology companies to share with government inspectors the underlying software code of their products. The Chinese government claims that it needs to see the software code, which is usually proprietary, in order to verify that there are no flaws that hackers can exploit. Microsoft, along with IBM (ibm, -0.40%) and Intel(intc, +0.25%), criticized the bill in December, according to the Wall Street Journal.

"Sharing source code in itself can’t prove the capability to be secure and controllable," Microsoft said at the time. "It only proves there is source code.”

Part of the reason the Chinese government wants to scan the source code of foreign companies stems from the high-profile government leaks by whistleblower Edward Snowden. Some of Snowden’s leaks revealed that U.S. spy agencies were covertly installing so-called back doors in U.S.-based tech products like Cisco’s networking routers and switches that allowed them to carry out cyber espionage.

To address China’s concerns, Microsoft said in September that it would open a transparency center in Beijing where Chinese government officials could analyze various Microsoft products for security bugs.

Terry Myerson, a Microsoft executive vice president of Windows and devices, said in a blog post that for the past two years Microsoft has “has earnestly cooperated with the Chinese government on the security review of Windows 10.” Myerson said the new China version of Windows is based on the traditional Windows 10 Enterprise Edition for business customers but with extra features tailored to suit Chinese officials.

For example, Chinese government officials can use their own encryption technology in their version of Windows 10 to scramble data that they don’t want others to see. Additionally, the China version of Windows does not allow access to Microsoft’s OneDrive service, which lets people store documents and files on Microsoft-controlled data centers in what’s known as cloud-based storage.

Presumably, Chinese officials want to keep all of their data locked down on their own computers to minimize the risk of that information being stored to data centers that are outside their control.

Microsoft also said that PC maker Lenovo is the company’s first partner that would pre-install the Chinese version of Windows on computers sold to Chinese government officials.