????只要涉及定價(jià)問題，就一定有亞馬遜（Amazon），和它攪起的滿城風(fēng)雨。

????這家電子商務(wù)巨頭今年已經(jīng)向無數(shù)人發(fā)起挑戰(zhàn)，從史蒂夫?金（Stephen King）到迪士尼（Disney），從華納兄弟（Warner Brothers）到邦尼出版集團(tuán)（Bonnier），其目的只有一個(gè)，就是掌控低價(jià)的最終話語權(quán)。

????以下就是亞馬遜最近的斗爭(zhēng)史。

????Where pricing is concerned, there’s Amazon, and then there’s everyone else.

????From Stephen King to Disney, Warner Brothers to Bonnier publishing, the e-commerce giant has waged battle against countless parties this year, all in an attempt—at least, that’s how it appears—to have the final word on low prices.

????Below, a tally of Amazon’s recent brouhahas.

????亞馬遜對(duì)陣阿歇特

????今年春季，亞馬遜通過推遲訂單以及重新補(bǔ)充網(wǎng)站所售電子圖書的庫存，對(duì)美國(guó)第四大圖書出版商阿歇特（Hachette）發(fā)起了攻勢(shì)。此舉用意何在？就是為了在電子圖書定價(jià)的談判中占據(jù)上風(fēng)。（亞馬遜曾表示，希望阿歇特的圖書售價(jià)不要超過9.99美元。而阿歇特和其他出版商則認(rèn)為，這樣的定價(jià)水平將過分壓低他們的利潤(rùn)率。）

????亞馬遜“目前購入的各類書目的（紙質(zhì)）庫存和‘安全庫存’……均低于我們的通常購入量，并且不再向出版商預(yù)訂那些尚未到發(fā)行日的書目，”5月時(shí)，在一個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)論壇的帖子里，有人如此解釋道。但是亞馬遜所做的不僅僅是降低了阿歇特出版書目的庫存，更是直接取消了一些圖書的預(yù)訂，如布拉德?斯通（Brad Stone）所著《萬物商店：杰夫?貝索斯與亞馬遜時(shí)代》（The Everything Store: Jeff Bezos and the Age of Amazon）的平裝本，以及J.K.羅琳（J.K. Rowling）的小說《蠶》（The Silkworm）。

????自然，這引起了一些作者的強(qiáng)烈不滿。“我們已經(jīng)讓亞馬遜賺了數(shù)百萬美元，并且多年以來一直通過合作、聯(lián)合推廣、評(píng)論和博客，無償?shù)貫閬嗰R遜做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn)。”900名憤怒的作者組成了“作者聯(lián)盟”，其中不乏一些家喻戶曉的名字，譬如約翰?格里森姆（John Grisham）和諾拉?羅伯茨（Nora Roberts），該聯(lián)盟于8月時(shí)在《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》（New York Times）上購買了一整版的印刷廣告，如此寫道，“如此對(duì)待商業(yè)伙伴讓人匪夷所思。如此對(duì)待自己的朋友更令人難以接受。”

????談判狀態(tài)：進(jìn)行中

????Amazon vs. Hachette

????This spring, Amazon took an aggressive stance toward Hachette, the fourth largest book publisher in the U.S., by delaying orders and restocking of e-books it sold on its site. Why? To get the upper-hand in negotiations over e-book pricing. (Amazon has said it wants Hachette titles to sell for no more than $9.99. Hachette, among other publishers, thinks that price will overly reduce profit margins.)

????Amazon is "currently buying less [print] inventory and 'safety stock' on titles … than we ordinarily do, and are no longer taking pre-orders on titles whose publication dates are in the future," it explained in a statement posted to an online forum in May. But the company went beyond merely cutting back its inventory on Hachette titles, going so far as to remove the ability to pre-order books like Brad Stone’s paperback edition of The Everything Store: Jeff Bezos and the Age of Amazon and J.K. Rowling’s novel The Silkworm.

????Authors were understandably livid. “We have made Amazon many millions of dollars and over the years have contributed so much, free of charge, to the company by way of cooperation, joint promotions, reviews and blogs,” they wrote in a full-page New York Times print advertisement in August paid for by Authors United, a group representing 900 disgruntled writers including household names like John Grisham and Nora Roberts. “This is no way to treat a business partner. Nor is it the right way to treat your friends."

????Status of negotiations: Ongoing