????英國(guó)石油公司2003年開始跟秋明石油公司進(jìn)行合作以來(lái)，它與這家俄羅斯公司的關(guān)系就一直在惡化。最初還只是“（秋明英國(guó)石油公司）內(nèi)部低層職員進(jìn)行的游擊戰(zhàn)，”Norex 公司在其起訴書這樣寫道。此語(yǔ)出自英國(guó)石油公司前CEO布朗勛爵親自撰寫的自傳。但到了2008年，這種合作關(guān)系已經(jīng)破裂。當(dāng)時(shí)擔(dān)任秋明英國(guó)石油公司CEO的鮑勃?杜德利被迫離開俄羅斯（此君現(xiàn)在是英國(guó)石油公司CEO）。英國(guó)石油公司時(shí)任CEO托尼?海沃德在接受《每日電訊報(bào)》（Telegraph）采訪時(shí)稱，杜德利感到他不得不“考慮自己的人身安全。”那一年，俄羅斯警方搜查了英國(guó)石油公司律師的辦事處。維基解密（Wikileaks）掌握的一份美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院（U.S. State Department）2008年的電報(bào)顯示，美國(guó)官員相信，如果秋明石油公司得不到合資企業(yè)更多的控制權(quán)，這種騷擾將持續(xù)下去。

????今年，秋明石油公司阻止了英國(guó)石油公司擬與俄羅斯國(guó)有石油公司Rosneft進(jìn)行的一筆交易【埃克森美孚公司（Exxon）最終贏得了這筆交易】。一個(gè)與秋明石油公司有關(guān)聯(lián)的秋明英國(guó)石油公司少數(shù)股東團(tuán)體起訴英國(guó)石油公司在Rosneft的交易中行為失當(dāng)?；葑u(yù)國(guó)際評(píng)級(jí)公司（Fitch Ratings）表示，如果這起訴訟案在俄羅斯法庭獲得進(jìn)展，很有可能會(huì)引發(fā)該公司對(duì)英國(guó)石油公司進(jìn)行新一輪級(jí)別評(píng)估。而俄羅斯特工則再一次突擊搜查了英國(guó)石油公司駐莫斯科辦事處，這一次行動(dòng)促使英國(guó)首相大衛(wèi)?卡梅倫向俄總統(tǒng)德米特里?梅德韋杰夫表達(dá)了他對(duì)俄羅斯司法體系的擔(dān)憂之情。

????愛德華瓊斯公司（Edward Jones）分析師布賴恩?揚(yáng)恩博格指出，大多數(shù)能源公司經(jīng)營(yíng)業(yè)務(wù)的地方都會(huì)發(fā)生一些不愉快的事件。麥格理證券（Macquarie）分析師詹森?甘繆爾指出，從歷史上看，唯有?？松梨诠驹诙砹_斯做生意時(shí)，沒有向俄羅斯的強(qiáng)勢(shì)合作伙伴低過頭。但這筆跟秋明石油公司的交易至少“指出了一個(gè)事實(shí)：英國(guó)石油公司并沒有真正懂得如何管理在俄羅斯做生意的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，”GMI公司研究主管格萊德曼說道。

????看來(lái)，在本土經(jīng)營(yíng)業(yè)務(wù)的秋明石油公司可以依靠其在俄羅斯的權(quán)勢(shì)，獲得秋明英國(guó)石油公司公司更多的掌控權(quán)。這就將英國(guó)石油公司置于一個(gè)極其危險(xiǎn)的境地。正如英國(guó)石油公司在1999年的一份報(bào)告中所指出的那樣，“英國(guó)石油公司正在俄羅斯的場(chǎng)地，按照俄羅斯的規(guī)則，在由秋明石油公司提供資金支持的腐敗官員的主持下，進(jìn)行比賽?！边@個(gè)令英國(guó)石油公司苦不堪言的合資項(xiàng)目在英國(guó)石油公司的能源總儲(chǔ)量中占據(jù)了20%，占該公司總利潤(rùn)的10%。英國(guó)石油公司不愿失去秋明英國(guó)石油公司對(duì)其利潤(rùn)的貢獻(xiàn)。但現(xiàn)在看來(lái)，要想保住這條財(cái)路，英國(guó)石油公司還得看秋明石油公司的臉色。

????譯者：任文科

????Since partnering with TNK in 2003, BP's relationship with TNK has deteriorated. At first, there was a "low-level guerilla war carried on inside [TNK-BP]," Norex says in its complaint, citing former BP CEO Lord Browne's own autobiography. But by 2008, the relationship had unraveled. Bob Dudley was forced out of Russia, where he was serving as CEO of TNK-BP. (Dudley is now the CEO of BP). Tony Hayward, BP's then-CEO, told the Telegraph that Dudley felt he had to "think about his safety." That year, Russian police raided BP's lawyers' offices. U.S. officials believed that the harassment would continue unless TNK got more control over the partnership, according to a 2008 U.S. State Department cable leaked to Wikileaks.

????This year, a deal between BP and Russia's state-owned oil company Rosneft was blocked by TNK (Exxon (XOM) ultimately won the deal). A group of TNK-BP minority shareholders, with ties to TNK, sued BP for mishandling the Rosneft deal. Fitch Ratings says that if the lawsuit gains traction in the Russian courts, it could trigger a review of BP's credit rating. Again, Russian agents raided BP's Moscow offices, this time prompting David Cameron to raise concerns about the Russian legal system with the country's President Dmitry Medvedev.

????Most energy companies operate in places where unsavory things happen, points out Brian Youngberg, an analyst with Edward Jones. And Jason Gammel, an analyst at Macquarie, notes that only Exxon has historically been able to do business in Russia without making concessions to a strong Russian partner. But if nothing else, the deal with TNK, "points to the fact that BP did not really understand how to manage risks [of doing business in Russia]," says GMI's Gladman.

????It seems that TNK, being on its home turf, has the power within Russia to gain ever more control over TNK-BP. That puts BP in a precarious situation. As BP itself noted in a 1999 report, "BP Amoco is playing the game on a Russian pitch, by Russian rules, officiated by corrupt politicians in TNK's pockets." The partnership, though troubled, accounts for 20% of BP's reserves and 10% of the company's profits; and BP would be loathe to lose TNK-BP's contribution to the bottom line. But it seems that BP must remain at TNK's mercy to keep the money coming in.